Water Deficit Affects Growth, Physiology and Some Quality Parameters of Cress

Year 2023, , 21 - 27, 01.12.2023

Yavuz Selim Kavak , Metin Turan , Melek Ekinci , Ertan Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.55257/ethabd.1340314

Abstract

One of the important issues limiting crop growing in agricultural areas is drought. The fact that the existing water resources have not changed makes it necessary to irrigate under limited conditions in plant cultivation. The study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of irrigation levels on growth and quality characteristics of cress. In the study, cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seeds were planted in 26 L pots and 4 different irrigation levels (100%, 85%, 75%, 55%) were applied according to field capacity with sowing. 36 days after sowing, the plants were harvested and the growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, chlorophyll content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline and sucrose content were investigated. Significant differences occurred between the applications and doses in terms of the parameters examined. At the end of the research, it was determined that the decrease in irrigation level significantly reduced plant growth and chlorophyll content in cress. Lower irrigation levels elevated the H2O2, MDA, proline and sucrose content of cress. Irrigation levels affected plant growth and quality in cress significantly, but there was not much change in plant growth at 85% irrigation level compared to 100% irrigation level. In the study, it was concluded that at the point of efficient use of existing water resources, 15% water savings can be produced with the same yield and higher nutrient content in terms of plant production.

Keywords

Cress, Drought stress, Water deficit, Yield, Quality

References

• Agarwal, S., and Pandey V., .2004. Antioxidant enzyme responses to NaCl stress in Cassia angustifolia. Biologia Plantarum 48 (4):555–60.
• Al-Sammarraie, O. N., Alsharafa, K. Y., Al-Limoun, M. O., Khleifat, K. M., Al-Sarayreh, S. A., Al-Shuneigat, J. M. and Kalaji, H. M., 2020. Effect of various abiotic stressors on some biochemical indices of Lepidium sativum plants. Scientific Reports 10(1): 1-10.
• Angelini, R. and Federico, R., 1989. Histochemical evidence of polyamine oxidation and generation of hydrogen- peroxide in the cell Wall. Journal of Plant Physiology 135: 212-217.
• Angelini, R., Manes, F. and Federico, R., 1990. Spatial a functional correlation between daimine- oxsidase and peroxidase activities and their dependence upon deetilation and wounding in chick-pea. Planta 182: 89-96.
• Assaha, D. V., Liu, L., Ueda, A., Nagaoka, T. and Saneoka, H., 2016. Effects of drought stress on growth, solute accumulation and membrane stability of leafy vegetable, huckleberry (Solanum scabrum Mill.). journal of Environmental Biology 37(1):107-14.
• Bahreininejad, B., Razmjoo, J. and Mirza, M., 2013. Influence of water stress on morpho-physiological and phytochemical traits in Thymus daenensis. International Journal of Plant Production 7 (1):151-166.
• Bartels, D. and Sunkar, R., 2005. Drought and salt tolerance in plants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 24(1): 23-58. Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P. and Teare, I. D., 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil 39(1): 205-207.
• Blum, A., 1986. Breeding crop varieties for stress environments, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2: 199-237. Chaski, C. and Petropoulos, S. A., 2022. The alleviation effects of biostimulants application on lettuce plants grown under deficit irrigation. Horticulturae 8(11): 1089.
• Chopra, J., Kaur, N. and Gupta, A.K., 2000. Ontogenic changes in enzymes of carbon metabolism in relation to carbohydrate status in developing mungbean reproductive structures. Phytochemistry 53(5): 539-548.
• Cowan, I. R., 1982. Regulation of water use in relation to carbon gain in higher plants. In Physiological plant ecology II. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 589-613
• Ding, Y., Tao, Y. and Zhu, C., 2013. Emerging roles of MicroRNAs in the mediation of drought stress response in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 64: 3077-3086.
• Dolferus, R., 2014. To grow or not to grow: A stressful decision for plants. Plant Sciences 2229: 247-261.
• Ekinci, M., Ors, S., Sahin, U., Yildirim, E. and Dursun, A., 2015. Responses to the irrigation water amount of spinach supplemented with organic amendment in greenhouse conditions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 46: 327-342.
• Farooq, M., Basra, S.M.A., Wahid, A. and Rehman, H., 2009. Exogenously Applied Nitric Oxide Enhances the Drought Tolerance in Fine Grain Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 195: 254-261.
• Gerçek, S., Demirkaya, M. and Işık, D., 2017. Water pillow irrigation versus drip irrigation with regard to growth and yield of tomato grown under greenhouse conditions in a semi-arid region. Agricultural Water Management, 180: 172-177.
• Ghoulam, C., Foursy, A. and Fares, K., 2002. Effect of salt stres on growth, inorganic ions and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in fiver sugar beet cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany 47: 39-50
• Girija, C., Smith, B.N. and Swamy, P.M., 2002. Interactive effect of sodium chloride and calcium cloride on the accumulation of proline and glycinebetaine in pea nut (Aracbis bypogaea L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany 47: 1-10.
• Gong, Y., Toivonen, P.M., Wiersma, P.A., Lu, C. and Lau, O.L., 2000. Effect of freezing on the activity of catalase in apple flesh tissue. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48: 5537-5542.
• Havir, E.A. and McHale, N.A., 1987. Biochemical and developmental characterization of multiple forms of catalase in tobacco leaves. Plant Physiology 84. 450-455.
• Hayat, S., Hasan, S. A., Fariduddin, Q. and Ahmad, A., 2008. Growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in response to salicylic acid under water stress. Journal of Plant Interactions, 3: 297.
• Hua, D.P., Wang, C., He, J.N., Liao, H., Duan, Y., Zhu, Z.Q., Guo, Y., Chen, Z.Z. and Gong, Z.Z., 2012. A plasma membrane receptor kinase, GHR1, mediates abscisic acid- and hydrogen peroxide-regulated stomatal movement in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 24: 2546-2561
• Joshi, R., Ramanarao, M.V. and Baisakh, N., 2013. Arabidopsis plants constitutively overexpressing a myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase gene (SaINO1) from the halophyte smooth cordgrass exhibits enhanced level of tolerance to salt stress. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 65: 61-66.
• Kapluhan, E., 2013. Türkiye’de kuraklık ve kuraklığın tarıma etkisi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi 27: 487-510.
• Kaya, C., Ak, B.E. and Higss, D., 2003. Response of salt-stressed strawberry plants to supplementary calcium nitrate and/or potassium nitrate. Journal of Plant Nutrition 26: 543-560.
• Khalil, S. E. and El-Noemani, A.A., 2012. Effect of irrigation intervals and exogenous proline application in improving tolerance of garden cress plant (Lepidium sativum L.) to water stress. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8(1): 157-167
• Kiremit, M. S., Osman, H. M. and Arslan, H., 2023. Response of yield, growth traits, and leaf nutrients of garden cress to deficit saline irrigation waters. Journal of Plant Nutrition 46(6): 1050-1065.
• Kuşvuran, Ş., Kıran, S. U. and Altuntaş, Ö., 2020. The morphological, physiological and biochemical effects of drought in different pepper genotypes. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 8:1359-1368.
• Levitt, J., 1980. Response of plants to environmental stresses. Academic Press, Orlando, p.497.
• Maldonado, CA., Zungga GE., Corcuera LJ. and Alberdg M., 1997. Effect of water stres on frost resistance of oat leaves. Enviromental and Experimental Botany 38: 99-107.
• Mohamoud, S. S., 2019. Farklı su stresi koşullarının bazı kıvırcık (Lactuca sativa var. erispa) ve göbekli (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia) marul çeşitlerinde verim ve kalite üzerine etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü 47, Antalya.
• Najla, S., Sanoubar, R. and Murshed, R., 2012. Morphological and biochemical changes in two parsley varieties upon water stress. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 18.
• Naveed, M., Hussain, M.B., Zahir, Z.A., Mitter, B. and Sessitsch, A., 2014. Drought stress amelioration in wheat through inoculation with Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN. Plant Growth Regulation 73(3): 121-131.
• Osakabe, Y., Osakabe, K., Shinozaki, K. and Tran, L.P., 2014. Response of plants to water stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 5: 86.
• Ozden, M., Demirel, U. and Kahraman, A., 2009. Effects of proline on antioxidant system in leaves of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L) exposed to oxidative stress by H2O2. Scientia Horticulturae 119: 163-168.
• Rahdari, P. and Hoseini, SM., 2012. Drought stress: a review. International Journal of Plant Production, 3: 443–446.
• Rao, K., Raghavendra, A. and Reddy, K., 2006. Physiology and molecular biology of stress tolerance (pp. 1-14). Springer: Dordrecht, Nertherlands.
• Rhizopoulou, S., Meletiou-Christou, M. S. and Diamantoglou, S., 1991. Water relations for sun and shade leaves of four Mediterranean evergreen sclerophylls. Journal of Experimental Botany 42(5): 627-635.
• Sahin, U., Ekinci, M., Ors, S., Turan, M., Yildiz, S. and Yildirim, E., 2018. Effects of individual and combined effects of salinity and drought on physiological, nutritional and biochemical properties of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). Scientia Horticulturae 240: 196-204.
• Turfan, N., 2017. Savrun ıspanak (Spinacia oleracea L.) çeşidinin bazı abiyotik stres faktörlerine tepkisi. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 5(6): 660-667.
• Villar-Salvador, P., Planelles, R., Oliet, J., Peñuelas-Rubira, J.L., Jacobs, D.F. and González, M., 2004. Drought tolerance and transplanting performance of holm oak (Quercus ilex) seedlings after drought hardening in the nursery. Tree Physiology 24:1147-1155.
• Yavuz, N., Seymen, M. and Kal, Ü., 2021. Impacts of water stress and harvest time on physio-biochemical characteristics of lettuce. International Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences 14(2): 61-77.
• Yordanova, R.Y., Christov, K.N. and Popova, L.P., 2004. Antioxidative enzymes in barley plants subjected to soil flooding. Environmental and Experimental Botany 51: 93-101.
• Zhang, W., Jiang, B., Li, W., Song, H., Yu, Y. and Chen, J., 2009. Polyamines enhance chilling tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) through modulating antioxidative system. Scientia Horticulture 122: 200-8.
• Zlatev, Z. and Lidon, F. C., 2012. An overview on drought induced changes in plant growth, water relations and photosynthesis. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 57-72.