ADAPTATION OF ONLINE VIGILANCE SCALE TO TURKISH

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 358 - 374, 25.07.2021

Ferit Karakoyun

https://doi.org/10.17943/etku.883239

Cited By: 3

Öz

With the widespread use of mobile technologies and Internet access, new concepts related to individuals’ use of online media have begun to emerge. One of these concepts, online vigilance, is referred to as individuals’ non-pathological form of constant psychological connectedness to online content and communication. The purpose of this study is to adapt the Online Vigilance Scale (OVS) into Turkish. In the study, the OVS was first translated into Turkish, and then data were collected from 390 university students in order to examine the psychometric properties of the scale. OVS Turkish form, Fear of Missing out Scale (FOMOS), Internet Addiction Scale (IAS) and an information form were used as data collection tools. Two separate sample groups were formed from the obtained data; Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was applied to one group and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied to the other group. The results show that the Turkish form of the OVS has a factor structure compatible with the original scale. In addition, the Cronbach’s Alpha values calculated for the Turkish form of the scale provide evidence that it is highly reliable. For the purpose of evaluating the convergent validity of the scale, the relationships between the IAS, FOMOS and the OVS were examined. As a result of the analysis, data supporting the convergent validity of the scale were obtained. Consequently, it could be stated that the Turkish version of the Online Vigilance Scale was a valid and reliable scale.

Anahtar Kelimeler

online vigilance, scale adaptation, validity, reliability

ÇEVRİMİÇİ TETİKTE OLMA ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇE'YE UYARLANMASI

Öz

Mobil teknolojilerin ve internet erişiminin yaygınlaşmasıyla bireylerin çevrimiçi medya kullanımlarına ilişkin yeni kavramlar ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bu kavramlardan biri olan çevrimiçi tetikte olma, bireylerin çevrimiçi içerik ve iletişime psikolojik olarak sürekli bağlı olmalarıdır. Fakat bu bağlılık patolojik bir durum değildir. Bu araştırmada Çevrimiçi Tetikte Olma Ölçeği (ÇTOÖ)’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada öncelikle ÇTOÖ Türkçeye çevrilmiş, ardından ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerini incelemek amacıyla 390 üniversite öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak bilgi formu, ÇTOÖ Türkçe formu, İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği (İBÖ) ve Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu Ölçeği (GKKÖ) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerden iki ayrı örneklem grubu oluşturularak bir gruba Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA), diğer gruba ise Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, ÇTOÖ'nün Türkçe formunun orijinal ölçekle uyumlu bir faktör yapısına sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca ölçeğin Türkçe formuna ilişkin hesaplanan Cronbach alfa değerleri, oldukça güvenilir ölçümler sağladığına ilişkin kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Ölçeğin uyum geçerliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla ise ÇTOÖ ile İBÖ ve GKKÖ arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda uyum geçerliğini destekleyen verilere ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak ÇTOÖ’nün Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

çevrimiçi tetikte olma, ölçek uyarlama, geçerlilik, güvenirlik

Kaynakça

• Bayer, J. B., Campbell, S. W. ve Ling, R. (2016). Connection cues: Activating the norms and habits of social connectedness. Communication Theory, 26(2), 128–149.
• Burchell, K. (2015). Tasking the everyday: Where mobile and online communication take time. Mobile, Media & Communication, 3(1), 36–52.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. (8.Baskı). Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
• Chang, Y. J. ve Tang, J. C. (2015). Investigating mobile users' ringer mode usage and attentiveness and responsiveness to communication. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services içinde (s. 6–15), Copenhagen, Denmark. https://doi.org/10.1145/2785830.2785852
• Cheever, N. A., Rosen, L. D., Carrier, L. M. ve Chavez, A. (2014). Out of sight is not out of mind: The impact of restricting wireless mobile device use on anxiety levels among low, moderate and high users. Computers in Human Behavior, 37, 290–297.
• Costello, A. B. ve Osborne, J.W. (2005). Best Practices in Exploratory Factor Analysis: Four Recommendations for Getting the Most from Your Analysis. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 10(7), 1–9.
• David, M. E. ve Roberts, J. A. (2021). Smartphone use during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social versus physical distancing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1034.
• Drus, Z. ve Khalid, H. (2019). Sentiment analysis in social media and its application: systematic literature review. Procedia Computer Science, 161, 707–714.
• Erkorkmaz, Ü., Etikan, İ., Demir, O., Özdamar, K. ve Sanisoğlu, S. Y. (2013). Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve uyum indeksleri. Türkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(1), 210–223.
• Gökler, M. E., Aydın, R., Ünal, E., ve Metintaş, S. (2016). Sosyal ortamlarda gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ölçeğinin Türkçe sürümünün geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 17(1), 52–59.
• Hambleton, R.K. ve Patsula, L. (1999). Increasing the validity of adapted tests: myths to be avoided and guidelines for improving test adaptation practices. Journal of Applied Testing Technology, 1(1), 1–16.
• Hu, L.T. ve Bentler, P.M.(1999). Cut off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6 (1), 1–55.
• Johannes, N., Meier, A., Reinecke, L., Ehlert, S., Setiawan, D. N., Walasek, N., ...Veling, H. (2020). The relationship between online vigilance and affective well-being in everyday life: Combining smartphone logging with experience sampling. Media Psychology, 1–25.
• Karadağ, E., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Şahin, B. M., …Babadağ, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model. Journal of behavioral addictions, 4(2), 60–74.
• Karagöz, Y. (2016). SPSS 23 ve AMOS 23 uygulamalı istatistiksel analizler. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
• Karapanos, E., Teixeira, P. ve Gouveia, R. (2016). Need fulfillment and experiences on social media: A case on Facebook and WhatsApp. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 888–897.
• Klimmt, C., Hefner, D., Reinecke, L., Rieger, D. ve Vorderer, P. (2018). The permanently online and permanently connected mind. Mapping the cognitive structures behind mobile Internet use. P. Vorderer, D. Hefner, L. Reinecke ve C. Klimmt (Ed.), Permanently online, permanently connected. Living and communication in a POPC world içinde (s. 18–28). New York: Routledge.
• le Roux D.B., Parry D.A. (2017) A New Generation of Students: Digital Media in Academic Contexts. J. Liebenberg ve S. Gruner (Ed.) ICT Education içinde (s.19-36), Cham: Springer.
• Levordashka, A. ve Utz, S. (2016). Ambient awareness: From random noise to digital closeness in online social networks. Computers in Human Behavior, 60, 147–154.
• Mackintosh, N. J. (1975). A theory of attention: Variations in the associability of stimuli with reinforcement. Psychological review, 82(4), 276–298.
• Malta, D. C., Szwarcwald, C. L., Barros, M. B. A., Gomes, C. S., Machado, Í. E., Souza Júnior, P. R., ... Gracie, R. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic and changes in adult Brazilian lifestyles: a cross-sectional study. Epidemiol Serv Saude, 29(4), e2020407.
• Oulasvirta, A., Rattenbury, T., Ma, L. ve Raita, E. (2012). Habits make smartphone use more pervasive. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 16(1), 105–114.
• Özdamar, K. (2013). Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. Eskişehir: Nisan Kitabevi.
• Le Pelley, M. E., Mitchell, C. J., Beesley, T., George, D. N. ve Wills, A. J. (2016). Attention and associative learning in humans: An integrative review. Psychological bulletin, 142(10), 1111–1140
• Pew Araştırma Merkezi (2015). US smartphone use in 2015. https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2015/04/01/us-smartphone-use-in-2015/ adresinden 15 Ocak 2021 tarihinde alınmıştır.
• Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C. R. ve Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841–1848.
• Reinecke, L., Aufenanger, S., Beutel, M. E., Dreier, M., Quiring, O., Stark, B., ...Müller, K. W. (2017). Digital stress over the life span: The effects of communication load and internet multitasking on perceived stress and psychological health impairments in a German probability sample. Media Psychology, 20(1), 90–115.
• Reinecke, L., Klimmt, C., Meier, A., Reich, S., Hefner, D., Knop-Huelss, …Vorderer, P. (2018). Permanently online and permanently connected: Development and validation of the Online Vigilance Scale. PLOS ONE, 13(10), e0205384.
• Schermelleh-Engel, K., Mossbrugger, H. ve Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23–74.
• Shanks, D. R. (1993). Human instrumental learning: A critical review of data and theory. British Journal of Psychology, 84(3), 319–354.
• Sousa, V. D. ve Rojjanasrirat, W. (2011). Translation, adaptation and validation of instruments or scales for use in cross‐cultural health care research: A clear and user friendly guideline. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 17(2), 268–274.
• Störmer, V., Eppinger, B. ve Li, S. C. (2014). Reward speeds up and increases consistency of visual selective attention: a lifespan comparison. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 14(2), 659–671.
• Vorderer, P. (2016) Communication and the good life: Why and how our discipline should make a difference. Journal of Communication, 66(1), 1–12.
• Vorderer, P., Hefner, D., Reinecke, L. ve Klimmt, C. (2018). Permanently online and permanently connected: A new paradigm in communication research? P. Vorderer, D. Hefner, L. Reinecke, & C. Klimmt (Ed.), Permanently Online, Permanently Connected : Living and Communicating in a POPC World içinde (s. 3–9). New York: Routledge.
• Vorderer, P. ve Klimmt, C. (2020). The mobile user’s mindset in a permanently online, permanently connected society. R. Ling, L. Fortunati, G. Goggin, S.S. Lim ve Y. Li (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Communication and Society içinde (s.54–68), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Vorderer, P. ve Kohring, M. (2013). Permanently online: A challenge for media and communication research. International Journal of Communication, 7(1), 188–196.
• Vorderer, P., Kromer, N. ve Schneider, F. M. (2016). Permanently online–Permanently connected: Explorations into university students’ use of social media and mobile smart devices. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 694–703.
• Young, K. S. (2011). Clinical assessment of Internet-addicted clients. K.S. Young ve C. N. De Abreu (Ed.), Internet Addiction: a Handbook and Guide to Evaluation and Treatment içinde (s.19–34), New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.