School Administrators’ and Teachers’ Opinions about Influencing Each Other

Abstract

In this study, it were aimed to determine how the secondary school administrators and teachers influence each other. The data was collected from 18 school administrators and 20 teachers. The sample of the study consisted of secondary school administrators and teachers working at Ankara, Kiriklale, Kirsehir, Konya, Mugla, Izmir, Mus, Bursa, Izmit, Istanbul city centers, Turkey. The data in the study were collected through semi-structured interviews. Semi-structured interview forms including six questions were developed for based on the sub-objectives Kipnis ve Schmidt’s classification, which are set as a) friendliness, b) reason, c) bargain, d) coalitions, e) assertiveness, f) higher authority and g) sanction. According to the results of the study, while teachers use friendliness, reasoning and bargaining tactics to influence their managers. They use coalitions tactics at least. On the other hand, while school administrators use friendliness, bargaining and coalition tactics and they use assertiveness tactic at least.

Keywords

• influence tactics, school administrators, teachers

References

1. Aydin, I., & Pehlivan, Z. (2010). Strategies And Personality Types Used By Primary School Principals In Turkey To Influence Teacher (Ankara Case), Influence Teachers. Procedia Social And Behavioral Sciences, 2, 3652–3659.
2. Bennebroek, G., & Boonstra, J. (1998). The Use Of Influence Tactics In Constructive Change Processes. European Journal Of Work And Organizational Psychology., 7(2), 179-196.
3. Basaran, I. (2000). Yonetim (3. Basim). Ankara: Feryal Matbaasi.
4. Bursalioglu, Z. (2002). Okul Yonetiminde Yeni Yapi ve Davranis.(12. Basim). Ankara: Pegem A Yayincilik.
5. Boonstra, J., & Bennebroek Gravenhorst, K. (1989). Power Dynamics And Organizational Change: A Comparison Of Perspectives. European Journal Of Work And Organizational Psychology, 7, 97–120.
6. Can, N. (2010). Okul yoneticilerinin yonetimde cinsiyet faktorune iliskin gorusleri. Egitim ve Bilim,33(147), 35-41.
7. Cetin Kuru S. (2014). Okul Yoneticileri Ve Ogretmenlerin Birbirlerini Etkileme Taktiklerinin Orgutsel Adalet Ile Iliskisi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi Egitim Bilimleri Enstitusu Dergisi,3(5).
8. Cocivera, T. (2002). Influence In Organization: Testing An Integrative Model Agents’ Decision-Making Processer For Selecting Tactics. Guelph, Ontario: The University Of Guelph. Unpublished Doctoral's Thesis.

9. Dagli, E., & Calik, T. (2016). Ilkogretim Okullarinda Mudurlerin Kullandiklari Etkileme Taktiklerinin Ogretmenlerin Orgutsel Vatandaslik Davranislari ve Okul Farkindaligi ile Iliskisi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Yonetimi Dergisi, 22(1), 29-58.
10. Dubring, A. (1989). Sex Difference In Endorsement Of Influence Tactics And Political Behavior Tendencies. Journal Of Business And Psychology, 4(1), 3-14.
11. Dulaimi, M., Nepa, M., & Park, N. (2005). A Hierarchical Structural Model Of Assessing Innovation And Project Performance. Construction Management and Economics, 23, 565-577.
12. Duyar, I., Aydin, I., & Pehlivan, Z. (2009). Analyzing Principal Influence Tactics From A Cross-Cultural Perspective: Do Preferred Influence Tactics And Targeted Goals Differ By National Culture? A. W. Wiseman., & A. W. (Editorler), Educational Leadership: Global Contexts And International Comparisons, 11,191-221).
13. Friedrich, T. (2010). Leadership In Teams: Investigating How Team Network Impact The Use Of Influence, Unpublished Doctoral’s Thesis. Oklohoma: University Of Oklohoma.
14. Gregg, J. (2003). Influence Leadership: An Analysis Of How Leaders Use Influence Tactics In Higher Education. Malibu, USA: Unpublished Doctoral's Thesis: Pepperdine University
15. Gozu, C. (2012). Influence Tactics and Leadership Effectiveness In Turkey and USA: Mediating Role Of Subordinate Commitment. New York: A Dissertation Submitted To The University At Albany, State University Of New York.
16. Jensen, J. L. (2007). Getting One’s Way In Policy Debates: Influence Tactics Used In Group Decision-Making Settings. Public Administration Review, 67, 216-227.
17. Kipnis, D., & Schmidt, S. (1999). Profiles Of Organizational Influence Strategies (POIS): Influencing Your Manager (Form M). San Diego,CA: University Associates, Inc.
18. Kipnis, D., & Schmidt, S. (1999). Profiles Of Organizational Influence Strategies (POIS): Influencing Your Subbordinates (Form S). San Diego, CA: University Associates, Inc.
19. Kipnis, D., Schmidt, S., Swaffin-Smith, C., & Wilkinson, I. (1984). Patterns Of Managerial Influence: Shotgun Managers, Tacticians and Bystanders. Organizational Dynamics., 58-69.
20. Merriam, S. B. (1998) Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
21. Patton, M.Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, In
22. Peter, L. (1998). Upward Influence Strategies In Higher Education: Perceive Used And Effectiveness In Student Service. Utah: Unpublished Doctoral's Thesis. The University Of Utah.
23. Schermerhorn, J., & Bond, M. (1991). Upward and Downward Influence Tactics In Managerial Networks: Accomparative Study Of Hong Hong and Americans. Asia-Pacific Journal Of Managemet, 8(2), 147-158.
24. Tasci, D., & Eroglu, E. (2007). Yoneticilerin Kisilik Ozellikleri Ile Kullandiklari Ikna ve Etkileme Taktiklerinin Kullanim Sikligi Arasindaki Iliskinin Degerlendirilmesi. Selcuk Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu Dergisi, 17, 255-546.
25. Tyrovola, K., Papanikolaou, V., & Gradstat, D. (2012). Predictive Model For Influence Strategies In Greek Organizations. International Journal Of Business and Social Science, 3(10), 31-42.
26. Onyekwere, E. (1989). Culture, Persuasion and The Management Of Environmental Attitudes. Africa Media Review, 3(2), 16-25.
27. Yamaguchi, I. (2005). Interpersonal Communication Tactics And Procedural Justice For Uncertainty Management Of Japanese Workers. Journal Of Business Communication, 42(2), 168-194.
28. Yamaguchi, I. (2009). Influences Of Organizational Communication Tactics On Trust With Procedural Justice Effects: A Cross-Cultural Study Between Japanese And American Workers. International Journal Of Intercultural Relations, 33, 21-31.
29. Yildirim, A., & Simsek, H. (2008). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel Arastirma Yontemleri. Ankara: Seckin Yayincilik
30. Yukl, G., & Tracey, B. (1992). Consequences of Influence Tactics Used With Subordinates, Peers and The Boss. Journal Of Applied Psychology., 77, 525-535.
31. Yukl, G. (2010). Leadership In Organization. 7th Edition. New Jersey: Pearson.