Research Article
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Year 2019, , 73 - 85, 15.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73

Abstract

References

  • AFAD, (2013). Okul afet ve acil durum plani hazirlama kilavuzu [Guide to the preparation of school disaster and emergency plan]. Ankara: MEB General Directorate of Teacher Training.
  • Akarsu, A.H. (2010). Ingiltere’de ilkogretim okullarinda acil durum yonetimi ilkeleri ve uygulamalari [Emergency management principles and practices in primary schools in England] (Unpublished masters thesis). Mugla University, Mugla, Turkey.
  • Battersby, S. E., Mitchell, J. T., & Cutter, S. L. (2011). Development of an online hazards atlas to improve disaster awareness. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 20(4), 297-308. doi: 10.1080 10382046.2011.619807
  • Baytiyeh, H., & K. Naja, M. (2014). Can education reduce Middle Eastern fatalistic attitude regarding earthquake disasters?. Disaster prevention and management, 23(4), 343-355. doi: 10.1108/DPM-12-2013-0219
  • Brener, N. D., Weist, M., Adelman, H., Taylor, L., & Vernon‐Smiley, M. (2007). Mental health and social services: Results from the school health policies and programs study 2006. Journal of School Health, 77(8), 486-499.
  • Brener, N. D., Jones, S. E., Kann, L., & McManus, T. (2003). Variation in school health policies and programs by demographic characteristics of US schools. Journal of School Health, 73(4), 143-149. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2003.tb03592.x
  • Brickman, H. K., Jones, S. E., & Groom, S. E. (2004). Evolving school-crisis management since 9/11. The Education Digest, 69(9), 29-35.
  • Bobo, N., Hallenbeck, P., & Robinson, J. (2003). Recommended minimal emergency equipment and resources for schools: national consensus group report. The Journal of School Nursing, 19(3), 150-156.
  • Celik, K. (2007). Okullarda acil durum yonetimi [Emergency management in schools]. Ankara: Ani Publication.
  • Celik, K. (2004). Egitimde acil durum yonetimi model onerisi ve uygulanabilirligi arastirmasi [Emergency management model suggestion and its feasibility study in education] (Unpublished doctorate thesis). Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Da Graca, V., Kowaltowski, D., & Petreche, J. (2007). An evaluation method for school building design at the preliminary phase with optimisation of aspects of environmental comfort for the school system of the State São Paulo in Brazil. Building and Environment, 42(2), 984-999. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.10.020
  • Demirtas, H. (2000). Kriz yonetimi [Crisis management], Theory and Practice in Educational Administration, 23, 353-373.
  • Donmez, B. (2001). Okul guvenligi sorunu ve okul yoneticisinin rolu [The problem of school security and the role of the school manager], Educational Administration in Theory and Practice Issue, 25, 63-74.
  • Dumeier, H. K., Neininger, M. P., Bernhard, M. K., Syrbe, S., Merkenschlager, A., Zabel, J., & Bertsche, A. (2015). Knowledge and attitudes of school teachers, preschool teachers and students in teacher training about epilepsy and emergency management of seizures. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(9), 851-855.
  • Ekinci, A. (2010). Views of principals and teachers working in primary schools on their professional problems. Primary Education Online, 9(2), 934-948.
  • Ekiz, D. (2003). Introduction to research methods and approaches in education. Ankara: Ani Publishing
  • Epstein, J. L. (2001). Building bridges of home, school, and community: The importance of design. Journal of education for students placed at risk, 6 (1-2), 161-168. doi:10.1207/S15327671ESPR0601-2_10
  • Ercetin, S. S. (2001). Yonetimde yeni yaklasimlar [New approaches in management]. Ankara: Nobel Publication.
  • Ergunay, O., & Ozmen, B., (2013). Lessons learned from van earthquake in terms of disaster management. 2. Turkey Earthquake Engineering and Seismology Conference, 25-27 September 2013 – Hatay.
  • Ergunay, O. (2008). What is institutional structuring and legislation in Disaster Management? How should it be?, Istanbul Earthquake Symposium, The Book of problems and solutions to a possible earthquake in Istanbul.
  • Gomleksiz, M., Kilimci, S., Vural, R. A., Demir, O., Kocoglu-Meek, C., & Erdal, E. (2008). School yards under the magnifying glass: A qualitative study on violence and childrens’ rights. Elementary Education Online, 7(2), 273-287.
  • Inandi, Y. (2008). Evaluation of approaches which belong to principals who work for official primary and high schools which are related to crises which occur at their schools. Dicle University Ziya Gokalp Education Faculty Journal, 10, 36-55.
  • Izadkhah, Y. O., & Hosseini, M. (2005). Towards resilient communities in developing countries through education of children for disaster preparedness. International Journal of Emergency Management, 2(3), 138-148. doi:10.1504/IJEM.2005.007355
  • Kacmaz, M. (2014). Ilkokul Mudurlerinin Acil Durum Yonetimine Iliskin Gorusleri: Aydin Merkez Ilce Ornegi) [Opinions of primary school principals on emergency management: Aydin,Cental District Case] (Unpublished masters thesis). Mugla University, Mugla, Turkey.
  • Kadioglu, M. (2008). Modern, butunlesik afet yonetiminin temel ilkeleri; afet zararlarini azaltmanin temel ilkeleri [Basic principles of modern, integrated disaster management; Basic principles of mitigation of disasters], JICA Turkey Office of Publications, 2, 1-34.
  • Kano, M., & Bourque, L. B. (2008). Correlates of school disaster preparedness: main effects of funding and coordinator role. Natural Hazards Review, 9(1), 49-59. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988.
  • Kano, M., Ramirez, M., Ybarra, W.J., Frias, G., & Bourque, L.B. (2007). Are schools prepared for emergencies? A baseline of assesment of emergency preparedness at school sites in three Los Angeles County School Districts. Education and Urban Society, 39(3), 399-422. doi:10.1177/0013124506298130.
  • Kapucu, N. (2008). Collaborative emergency management: better community organising, better public preparedness and response. Disasters, 32(2), 239-262. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.2008.01037.x.
  • Khan, M. R., & Rahman, M. A. (2007). Partnership approach to disaster management in Bangladesh: a critical policy assessment. Natural Hazards, 41(2), 359-378. doi:10.1007/s11069-006-9040-y.
  • Kumar, G. S. J. (2000). Disaster management and social development. International Journal of Sociology & Social Policy, 20(7), 66-81. doi:10.1108/01443330010789007.
  • Lin Moe, T., & Pathranarakul, P. (2006). An integrated approach to natural disaster management: public project management and its critical success factors. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 15(3), 396-413. doi:10.1108/09653560610669882.
  • Liou, Y. H. (2014). School crisis management, Educational Administration Quarterly, 51,2, 247-289. doi:10.1177/0013161X14532467.
  • MacNeil, W., & Topping, K. (2007). Crisis management in schools: Evidence-based prevention. Journal of Educational Inquiry, 7(1), 64-94.
  • Maya, i., & Caliskan, c. (2016). Evaluating disaster education and training programs at the level of undergraduate degree in the world and Turkey sample. Electronic Turkish Studies, 11(9), 579-604.
  • Mitchell, J. K. (2006). The primacy of partnership: Scoping a new national disaster recovery policy. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 604(1), 228-255. doi:10.1177/0002716205286044.
  • Mitchell, J. T. (2009). Hazards education and academic standards in the Southeast United States. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 18(2), 134-148. doi:10.1080/10382040902861221.
  • Nader, K., & Pynoos, R. (1993). School disaster: Planning and initial interventions. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 8(5), 299.
  • Ozmen, B., & Ince, Z. D. (2017). School based disaster education. Journal of Resilience, 1(1), 21-29.
  • Ozmen, B., Gerdan, S., & Ergunay, O. (2015). Disaster and emergency management plans for schools. E-Journal of Occupational Development and Research, 3(1), 37-52.
  • Pandey, B. H., & Okazaki, K. (2005). Community-based disaster management: empowering communities to cope with disaster risks. Regional Development Dialogue, 26(2), 52-57.
  • Patton, M. Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation, 4, Newbury Park: Sage
  • Sayin, N. (2008). Ortaogretim kurumlarinda kriz yonetimi stratejisinin incelenmesi: Istanbul ornegi [Investigation of Crisis Management Strategy in Secondary Education Institutions:Istanbul Example] (Unpublished doctorate thesis). Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Shaw, R., Shiwaku Hirohide Kobayashi, K., & Kobayashi, M. (2004). Linking experience, education, perception and earthquake preparedness. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 13(1), 39-49. doi:10.1108/09653560410521689.
  • Shiwaku, K., Shaw, R., Kandel, R., Narayan Shrestha, S., & Dixit, A. (2007). Future perspective of school disaster education in Nepal. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 16(4), 576-587. doi:10.1108/09653560710817057.
  • Smith, J. A. (2004). Reflecting on the development of interpretative phenomenological analysis and its contribution to qualitative research in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 1(1), 39-54. doi:10.1191/1478088704qp004oa
  • Tagraf, H., & Aslan, N. T. (2003). Kriz olusum sureci ve kriz yonetiminde proaktif yaklasim [Crisis generation process and proactive approach in crisis management]. Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Cumhuriyet University. 4(1), 153-158.
  • Tanriogen, A., & Savci, S. (2011). Perceptions of high school teachers related to crisis management in their schools. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, (42), 243-258.
  • Tattum, D. (1997). A whole-school response: From crisis management to prevention. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 18(2), 221-232.
  • Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., & DeVault, M. (2015). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Turkmen, A. (2006). Disaster management (Unpublished master's thesis). Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Walker, H. M., & Eaton-Walker, J. (2000). Key questions about school safety critical issues and recommended solutions. NASSP Bulletin, 84(614), 46-55. doi:10.1080/03033910.1997.10558141
  • Waller, M. J., Lei, Z., & Pratten, R. (2014). Focusing on teams in crisis management education: An integration and simulation-based approach. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 13(2), 208-221.
  • Waugh, W. L., & Streib, G. (2006). Collaboration and leadership for effective emergency management. Public Administration Review, 66(s1), 131-140. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00673.x
  • Yesil, D., & Erenoglu, R. (2017). Assessment of the content and present situation of disaster and emergency plans at primary school level: Case of Canakkale province. 16th Scientific and Technical Conference of Turkey, 1(1), 11-20
  • Yildirim, A., & Simsek, H. (2011). Nitel arastirma yontemleri [Qualitative research methods],.Ankara: Seckin Publication.

Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey

Year 2019, , 73 - 85, 15.01.2019
https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine experiences and opinions of nursery school administrators on natural disaster and emergency management. Therefore, 11 nursery school administrators from Izmit, Kocaeli, which suffered major damage from 1999 earthquake, participated in the research. Interview data were analyzed by content analysis. The results showed that teachers and other personnel weren’t adequately trained about intervention in emergencies, exercises couldn’t be implemented realistically and the parents didn’t have enough information about emergencies. Nursery Schools still suffer from physical disabilities, lack of financial support and educated staff, although they do meet the requirements outlined in official sources. The trainings given to school personnel regarding natural disaster and emergency management are rare and insufficient. Physical deficiencies of school buildings should be checked and schools should be in cooperation with relevant ministries and local authorities for financial support. Starting from the primary school level, training programs on natural disasters and emergencies need to be organized. As a result of the research, it was proposed to organize trainings, overcome the physical deficiencies and to provide schools with enough financial support.

References

  • AFAD, (2013). Okul afet ve acil durum plani hazirlama kilavuzu [Guide to the preparation of school disaster and emergency plan]. Ankara: MEB General Directorate of Teacher Training.
  • Akarsu, A.H. (2010). Ingiltere’de ilkogretim okullarinda acil durum yonetimi ilkeleri ve uygulamalari [Emergency management principles and practices in primary schools in England] (Unpublished masters thesis). Mugla University, Mugla, Turkey.
  • Battersby, S. E., Mitchell, J. T., & Cutter, S. L. (2011). Development of an online hazards atlas to improve disaster awareness. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 20(4), 297-308. doi: 10.1080 10382046.2011.619807
  • Baytiyeh, H., & K. Naja, M. (2014). Can education reduce Middle Eastern fatalistic attitude regarding earthquake disasters?. Disaster prevention and management, 23(4), 343-355. doi: 10.1108/DPM-12-2013-0219
  • Brener, N. D., Weist, M., Adelman, H., Taylor, L., & Vernon‐Smiley, M. (2007). Mental health and social services: Results from the school health policies and programs study 2006. Journal of School Health, 77(8), 486-499.
  • Brener, N. D., Jones, S. E., Kann, L., & McManus, T. (2003). Variation in school health policies and programs by demographic characteristics of US schools. Journal of School Health, 73(4), 143-149. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2003.tb03592.x
  • Brickman, H. K., Jones, S. E., & Groom, S. E. (2004). Evolving school-crisis management since 9/11. The Education Digest, 69(9), 29-35.
  • Bobo, N., Hallenbeck, P., & Robinson, J. (2003). Recommended minimal emergency equipment and resources for schools: national consensus group report. The Journal of School Nursing, 19(3), 150-156.
  • Celik, K. (2007). Okullarda acil durum yonetimi [Emergency management in schools]. Ankara: Ani Publication.
  • Celik, K. (2004). Egitimde acil durum yonetimi model onerisi ve uygulanabilirligi arastirmasi [Emergency management model suggestion and its feasibility study in education] (Unpublished doctorate thesis). Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Da Graca, V., Kowaltowski, D., & Petreche, J. (2007). An evaluation method for school building design at the preliminary phase with optimisation of aspects of environmental comfort for the school system of the State São Paulo in Brazil. Building and Environment, 42(2), 984-999. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.10.020
  • Demirtas, H. (2000). Kriz yonetimi [Crisis management], Theory and Practice in Educational Administration, 23, 353-373.
  • Donmez, B. (2001). Okul guvenligi sorunu ve okul yoneticisinin rolu [The problem of school security and the role of the school manager], Educational Administration in Theory and Practice Issue, 25, 63-74.
  • Dumeier, H. K., Neininger, M. P., Bernhard, M. K., Syrbe, S., Merkenschlager, A., Zabel, J., & Bertsche, A. (2015). Knowledge and attitudes of school teachers, preschool teachers and students in teacher training about epilepsy and emergency management of seizures. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(9), 851-855.
  • Ekinci, A. (2010). Views of principals and teachers working in primary schools on their professional problems. Primary Education Online, 9(2), 934-948.
  • Ekiz, D. (2003). Introduction to research methods and approaches in education. Ankara: Ani Publishing
  • Epstein, J. L. (2001). Building bridges of home, school, and community: The importance of design. Journal of education for students placed at risk, 6 (1-2), 161-168. doi:10.1207/S15327671ESPR0601-2_10
  • Ercetin, S. S. (2001). Yonetimde yeni yaklasimlar [New approaches in management]. Ankara: Nobel Publication.
  • Ergunay, O., & Ozmen, B., (2013). Lessons learned from van earthquake in terms of disaster management. 2. Turkey Earthquake Engineering and Seismology Conference, 25-27 September 2013 – Hatay.
  • Ergunay, O. (2008). What is institutional structuring and legislation in Disaster Management? How should it be?, Istanbul Earthquake Symposium, The Book of problems and solutions to a possible earthquake in Istanbul.
  • Gomleksiz, M., Kilimci, S., Vural, R. A., Demir, O., Kocoglu-Meek, C., & Erdal, E. (2008). School yards under the magnifying glass: A qualitative study on violence and childrens’ rights. Elementary Education Online, 7(2), 273-287.
  • Inandi, Y. (2008). Evaluation of approaches which belong to principals who work for official primary and high schools which are related to crises which occur at their schools. Dicle University Ziya Gokalp Education Faculty Journal, 10, 36-55.
  • Izadkhah, Y. O., & Hosseini, M. (2005). Towards resilient communities in developing countries through education of children for disaster preparedness. International Journal of Emergency Management, 2(3), 138-148. doi:10.1504/IJEM.2005.007355
  • Kacmaz, M. (2014). Ilkokul Mudurlerinin Acil Durum Yonetimine Iliskin Gorusleri: Aydin Merkez Ilce Ornegi) [Opinions of primary school principals on emergency management: Aydin,Cental District Case] (Unpublished masters thesis). Mugla University, Mugla, Turkey.
  • Kadioglu, M. (2008). Modern, butunlesik afet yonetiminin temel ilkeleri; afet zararlarini azaltmanin temel ilkeleri [Basic principles of modern, integrated disaster management; Basic principles of mitigation of disasters], JICA Turkey Office of Publications, 2, 1-34.
  • Kano, M., & Bourque, L. B. (2008). Correlates of school disaster preparedness: main effects of funding and coordinator role. Natural Hazards Review, 9(1), 49-59. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)1527-6988.
  • Kano, M., Ramirez, M., Ybarra, W.J., Frias, G., & Bourque, L.B. (2007). Are schools prepared for emergencies? A baseline of assesment of emergency preparedness at school sites in three Los Angeles County School Districts. Education and Urban Society, 39(3), 399-422. doi:10.1177/0013124506298130.
  • Kapucu, N. (2008). Collaborative emergency management: better community organising, better public preparedness and response. Disasters, 32(2), 239-262. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.2008.01037.x.
  • Khan, M. R., & Rahman, M. A. (2007). Partnership approach to disaster management in Bangladesh: a critical policy assessment. Natural Hazards, 41(2), 359-378. doi:10.1007/s11069-006-9040-y.
  • Kumar, G. S. J. (2000). Disaster management and social development. International Journal of Sociology & Social Policy, 20(7), 66-81. doi:10.1108/01443330010789007.
  • Lin Moe, T., & Pathranarakul, P. (2006). An integrated approach to natural disaster management: public project management and its critical success factors. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 15(3), 396-413. doi:10.1108/09653560610669882.
  • Liou, Y. H. (2014). School crisis management, Educational Administration Quarterly, 51,2, 247-289. doi:10.1177/0013161X14532467.
  • MacNeil, W., & Topping, K. (2007). Crisis management in schools: Evidence-based prevention. Journal of Educational Inquiry, 7(1), 64-94.
  • Maya, i., & Caliskan, c. (2016). Evaluating disaster education and training programs at the level of undergraduate degree in the world and Turkey sample. Electronic Turkish Studies, 11(9), 579-604.
  • Mitchell, J. K. (2006). The primacy of partnership: Scoping a new national disaster recovery policy. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 604(1), 228-255. doi:10.1177/0002716205286044.
  • Mitchell, J. T. (2009). Hazards education and academic standards in the Southeast United States. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 18(2), 134-148. doi:10.1080/10382040902861221.
  • Nader, K., & Pynoos, R. (1993). School disaster: Planning and initial interventions. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 8(5), 299.
  • Ozmen, B., & Ince, Z. D. (2017). School based disaster education. Journal of Resilience, 1(1), 21-29.
  • Ozmen, B., Gerdan, S., & Ergunay, O. (2015). Disaster and emergency management plans for schools. E-Journal of Occupational Development and Research, 3(1), 37-52.
  • Pandey, B. H., & Okazaki, K. (2005). Community-based disaster management: empowering communities to cope with disaster risks. Regional Development Dialogue, 26(2), 52-57.
  • Patton, M. Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation, 4, Newbury Park: Sage
  • Sayin, N. (2008). Ortaogretim kurumlarinda kriz yonetimi stratejisinin incelenmesi: Istanbul ornegi [Investigation of Crisis Management Strategy in Secondary Education Institutions:Istanbul Example] (Unpublished doctorate thesis). Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Shaw, R., Shiwaku Hirohide Kobayashi, K., & Kobayashi, M. (2004). Linking experience, education, perception and earthquake preparedness. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 13(1), 39-49. doi:10.1108/09653560410521689.
  • Shiwaku, K., Shaw, R., Kandel, R., Narayan Shrestha, S., & Dixit, A. (2007). Future perspective of school disaster education in Nepal. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 16(4), 576-587. doi:10.1108/09653560710817057.
  • Smith, J. A. (2004). Reflecting on the development of interpretative phenomenological analysis and its contribution to qualitative research in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 1(1), 39-54. doi:10.1191/1478088704qp004oa
  • Tagraf, H., & Aslan, N. T. (2003). Kriz olusum sureci ve kriz yonetiminde proaktif yaklasim [Crisis generation process and proactive approach in crisis management]. Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Cumhuriyet University. 4(1), 153-158.
  • Tanriogen, A., & Savci, S. (2011). Perceptions of high school teachers related to crisis management in their schools. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, (42), 243-258.
  • Tattum, D. (1997). A whole-school response: From crisis management to prevention. The Irish Journal of Psychology, 18(2), 221-232.
  • Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., & DeVault, M. (2015). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Turkmen, A. (2006). Disaster management (Unpublished master's thesis). Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Walker, H. M., & Eaton-Walker, J. (2000). Key questions about school safety critical issues and recommended solutions. NASSP Bulletin, 84(614), 46-55. doi:10.1080/03033910.1997.10558141
  • Waller, M. J., Lei, Z., & Pratten, R. (2014). Focusing on teams in crisis management education: An integration and simulation-based approach. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 13(2), 208-221.
  • Waugh, W. L., & Streib, G. (2006). Collaboration and leadership for effective emergency management. Public Administration Review, 66(s1), 131-140. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00673.x
  • Yesil, D., & Erenoglu, R. (2017). Assessment of the content and present situation of disaster and emergency plans at primary school level: Case of Canakkale province. 16th Scientific and Technical Conference of Turkey, 1(1), 11-20
  • Yildirim, A., & Simsek, H. (2011). Nitel arastirma yontemleri [Qualitative research methods],.Ankara: Seckin Publication.
There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Tugba Konakli

Pinar Kaplan This is me

Publication Date January 15, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

APA Konakli, T., & Kaplan, P. (2019). Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey. European Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73
AMA Konakli T, Kaplan P. Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey. eujer. January 2019;8(1):73-85. doi:10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73
Chicago Konakli, Tugba, and Pinar Kaplan. “Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey”. European Journal of Educational Research 8, no. 1 (January 2019): 73-85. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73.
EndNote Konakli T, Kaplan P (January 1, 2019) Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey. European Journal of Educational Research 8 1 73–85.
IEEE T. Konakli and P. Kaplan, “Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey”, eujer, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 73–85, 2019, doi: 10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73.
ISNAD Konakli, Tugba - Kaplan, Pinar. “Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey”. European Journal of Educational Research 8/1 (January 2019), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73.
JAMA Konakli T, Kaplan P. Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey. eujer. 2019;8:73–85.
MLA Konakli, Tugba and Pinar Kaplan. “Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey”. European Journal of Educational Research, vol. 8, no. 1, 2019, pp. 73-85, doi:10.12973/eu-jer.8.1.73.
Vancouver Konakli T, Kaplan P. Emergency Management in Nursery Schools: An Analysis of Experiences and Opinions of Administrators in Turkey. eujer. 2019;8(1):73-85.