Diyetle Alınan Fitokimyasallar, Sirkadiyen Ritim ve Vücut Ağırlığı Arasındaki İlişki: Erzurum, Türkiye Örneği

Abstract

Sirkadiyen ritim ve diyetle alınan fitokimyasallar, kadınlarda metabolik sağlık ve vücut ağırlığı düzenlenmesi üzerinde etkili olan yükselen faktörler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışma, kadınlarda vücut ağırlığı, sirkadiyen ritim ve diyetle alınan fitokimyasal düzeyler arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kesitsel tasarıma sahip bu çalışmaya 18-65 yaş aralığında 180 kadın katılmıştır. Bireylerin antropometrik ve sosyodemografik verileri toplanmış; fitokimyasal alımı yarı-kantatif 159 maddelik besin tüketim sıklığı anketi ile, sirkadiyen ritim özellikleri ise Sabahçıllık-Akşamcılık Anketi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların ortalama Diyet Fitokimyasal İndeksi puanı 36.80±10.97’dir. Diyet Fitokimyasal İndeksi puanı arttıkça beden kütle indeksi değerlerinde artış gözlenmiştir (p=0.032). En yüksek tertildeki katılımcılar, diğer tertillere kıyasla daha yüksek oranda sabah kronotipi ve daha düşük oranda akşam kronotipi göstermiştir (p<0.05). En yüksek tertil grubundakiler, diğer gruplara kıyasla daha yüksek enerji, karbonhidrat, posa, çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri, omega-3 ve omega-6 alımına sahipken; doymuş yağ ve kolesterol alımları daha düşüktür (p<0.05). Sabahçıllık-Akşamcılık Anketi puanları Diyet Fitokimyasal İndeksi (r=0.15, p=0.049) ve beden kütle indeksi (r=0.17, p=0.020) ile zayıf düzeyde ilişkilidir. Toplam enerji alımına göre düzeltme yapıldıktan sonra, beden kütle indeksi ile Diyet Fitokimyasal İndeksi skorları arasındaki pozitif ilişki istatistiksel anlamlılığını kaybetmiş ve sınırda anlamlı düzeye gerilemiştir (p=0.055). Yaş, hem beden kütle indeksi (β=0.201, p<0.001) hem de Sabahçıllık-Akşamcılık Anketi skorları (β=0.254, p=0.001) için başlıca belirleyici faktör olarak saptanmıştır. Bu bulgular; fitokimyasal açıdan zengin diyetler, sirkadiyen ritim ve kadınlarda vücut kitle indeksi arasında zayıf bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Beden kütle indeksi
• sirkadiyen ritim
• diyet fitokimyasal indeksi
• obezite
• fitokimyasallar

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, Nuh Naci Yazgan Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır (Onay No: 2023/006-010, Tarih: 01/06/2023).

The Relationship between Dietary Phytochemicals and Circadian Rhythm and Body Weight: The Case of Erzurum, Türkiye

Abstract

Circadian rhythm and dietary phytochemicals have emerged as key factors influencing metabolic health and body weight regulation in women. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body weight, circadian rhythm, and dietary phytochemical intake in women. A total of 180 women aged 18 to 65 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and sociodemographic data were collected. Dietary phytochemical intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative 159-item food frequency questionnaire, and circadian rhythm was evaluated using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. The mean Dietary Phytochemical Index score was 36.80±10.97. Body mass index increased as Dietary Phytochemical Index scores increased (p=0.032). Participants in the highest tertile showed a higher proportion of morning chronotype and lower prevalence of evening chronotype compared to other tertiles (p<0.05). Individuals in the highest tertile had higher intakes of energy, carbohydrates, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3, and omega-6, and lower intakes of saturated fat and cholesterol (p<0.05). Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire scores were weakly correlated with both Dietary Phytochemical Index (r=0.15, p=0.049) and body mass index (r=0.17, p=0.020). After adjusting for total energy intake, the positive association between body mass index and Dietary Phytochemical Index scores lost statistical significance and reached borderline significance (p=0.055). Age was the primary positive predictor for both body mass index (β=0.201, p<0.001) and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire scores (β=0.254, p=0.001). These findings suggest a weak association between phytochemical-rich diets, circadian rhythm, and body mass index in women.

Keywords

• Body mass index
• circadian rhythm
• dietary phytochemical index
• obesity
• phytochemicals

Ethical Statement

This study was approved by the Nuh Naci Yazgan University Non‑Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval No: 2023/006-010; Date: June 1, 2023).

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