ÇOCUK VE ADÖLESANLARDA KAHVALTI GLİSEMİK İNDEKSİNİN METABOLİZMA VE DOYGUNLUK ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Year 2019, , 100 - 105, 20.09.2019

Zeynep Caferoğlu , Büşra Erdal

https://doi.org/10.34108/eujhs.515627

Abstract

Kahvaltı gün boyunca
tüketilen ilk öğündür ve günlük önerilen toplam enerji, makro ve mikro besin
ögelerinin alımına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Çocuklar ve adölesanlarda kahvaltı
tüketimi birçok sağlık problemini önleyebilecek bir beslenme davranışı olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Ancak, çocukluk döneminden adölesan döneme geçtikçe kahvaltı
tüketimi sıklığı azalmaktadır. Düzenli kahvaltı tüketimi gençlerde ağırlık
kazanımı, besin ögesi yetersizlikleri ve kronik hastalık risk faktörlerini
azaltabilen beslenme ve yaşam tarzı ile ilgili sağlık sonuçları ile
ilişkilidir.   Kahvaltı tüketimi ile
sağlık arasında gözlenen ilişkilerin sadece tüketime bağlı olmadığı, hatta
tüketimden ziyade kahvaltının kalitesiyle ilişkili olabileceği son dönemde
üzerinde durulan bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle, düşük glisemik indekse
(Gİ) sahip karbonhidratları içeren tam tahıllı, posadan zengin ve düşük enerji
yoğunluğu olan kahvaltılara kayda değer bir ilgi oluşmuştur. Gençlerle yapılan
çalışmalarda, yüksek Gİ’li kahvaltı yerine düşük Gİ’li kahvaltının tercih
edilmesinin postprandiyal glisemi ve insülinemiyi azaltarak artmış glisemik
kontrol sağladığı, yağ oksidasyonunu iyileştirebildiği ve kısa dönem iştahı baskılayarak,
sonraki öğünde besin alımını azaltabildiği gösterilmiştir. Düşük Gİ’li kahvaltı
tüketimi, bu olumlu etkileri sayesinde özellikle fazla kilolu veya obez çocuk
ve adölesanlar için yararlı olabilir. Bu derlemede, çocuk ve adölesanlarda
kahvaltı Gİ’sindeki manipülasyonların glikoz, insülin, doygunluk ve yağ
oksidasyonu üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

adölesan, çocuk, doygunluk, glisemik indeks, metabolizma

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