TAVŞANLARDA SWİM-UP YÖNTEMİNİN YAVRU CİNSİYET ORANLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmada tavşanlarda swim-up yönteminde farklı inkübasyon sürelerinin yavru cinsiyet oranları üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Araştırmada hayvan materyali olarak; 108 adet dişi, 8 adet erkek Yeni Zelanda Beyazı tavşan kullanıldı. Sperma erkek tavşanlardan suni vagen yöntemi ile alındı. Spermalara yıkandıktan sonra, 15 (grup 1), 30 (grup 2) ve 45 (grup 3) dakika (dak) süre ile swim-up yöntemi uygulandı. Dişi tavşanlar Swim-up gruplarında inkübasyon (37.5 oC’de, % 5 CO2’li havada) sonunda spermanın üst ½’lik kısmı ile, kontrol gruplarında ise spermanın tamamı ile intrauterin yolla tohumlandı (grup 1K, 2K, 3K). Tohumlama anında dişi tavşanlara intramusküler (IM) yolla 0,0042 mg Buserelin asetat (Receptal® Intervet, Germany) enjekte edildi. Yavru cinsiyetleri doğum sonrasında kaydedildi. Gebelik oranları 1, 2 ve 3. gruplarda sırasıyla % 33,33, % 22,22 ve % 50 (p: 0,214); kontrol gruplarında (grup 1K, 2K, 3K) ise % 50, % 44,44 ve % 44.44 olarak tespit edildi (p: 0,928). Yavru cinsiyetleri % erkek oranı olarak değerlendirildiğinde; 1., 2. ve 3. gruplarda sırasıyla % 65.7, % 30 ve % 51,7 (p: 0,038); kontrol gruplarında ise %50,9, %46,7 ve % 37,50 olarak belirlendi (p: 0,480). Sonuç olarak tavşanlarda swim-up yöntemi uygulanan spermalarda, kısa süreli inkübasyon ve spermanın üst bölümünün kullanılması ile yavru cinsiyet oranlarının değiştirilebileceği kanaatine varıldı

Keywords

• Tavşan, swim-up, cinsiyet oranı

The Effect of Swim-Up Technique on Sex Ratio of Newborns in Rabbits

Abstract

The present study investigates the effect of different incubation periods on gender ratios of offspring in rabbits in the swim-up technique. 108 female and 8 male New Zealand White rabbits were used in the study as an animal subject. Ejaculates were collected from the male rabbits by using an artificial vagen. The washed sperms were applied using the swim-up technique for periods of 15(group1), 30 (group2), and 45 (group3) minutes. Female rabbits were inseminated by the upper ½ part of the semen in the swim-up groups (groups 1, 2 and 3), while the control groups were inseminated using the whole semen (groups 1K, 2K and 3K) at the end of incubation (at 37.5oC, under 5 % CO2 in air) . Doses were injected intramuscularly with 0.0042 mg Buserelin asetat (Receptal® Intervet, Germany) at the time of insemination. The sex ratios of offsprings were recorded after parturitions. The pregnancy rates were detected as 33.33%, 22.22 % and 50.00% (p=0.214) in groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively. As for the control groups, the pregnancy rates were 50.00%, 44.44% and 44.44% (p=0.928) for groups 1K, 2K and 3K, respectively. The male sex ratios of the newborns were 65.70%, 30.00% and 51.70% (p=0.038) in groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. In the control groups (1K, 2K and 3) the male sex ratios were 50.90%, 46.70% and 37.50% (p=0.480), respectively. It was concluded that the sex ratio of offsprings in rabbits could be manipulated in the swim-up technique by using the upper part of the semen and applying a shorter incubation period

Keywords

• Rabbit, swim-up, sex ratio

References

1. Pineda MH. The biology of sex. In: Pineda MH and Dooley MP (eds), Mc Donalds Veterinary Endocrinology and Reproduction. Fifth ed. Iowa State Press, Iowa 2003, pp 201-238.
2. Ericsson RJ, Ericsson SA. Sex ratios. In: Knobil E and Neill JD (eds), Encyclopedia of Reproduction. Volume 4. Academic Press, California 1998, pp 431-437.
3. Gordon IR. Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals. CABI publishing, Cambridge 2005, pp 49-81.
4. Clutton-Brock TH and Iason GR. Sex ratio variation in mammals. The Quarterly Review of Biology 1986, 61(3): 339-374.
5. Renaville R, Haezebroeck V, Parmentier I, Pırard M, Fontaine S and Portetelle D. Sex preselection in mammals. In: Renaville R , Burny A (eds), Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. Kluver Academic Publishers, Nederlands 2001, pp 225-233.
6. Botchan A, Hauser R, Gamzu R, Yogev L, Paz G and YavetzH. Sperm separation for gender preference: Methods and efficacy. J Andrology 1997, 18 (2):107-108.
7. Kochbar HS, Kochbar KP, Basrur PK and Kinget WA. Influence of the duration of gamete interaction on cleavage, growth rate and sex distribution of in vitro produced embryos. Anim Reprod Sci 2003, 77:33-49.
8. Weigel KA. Exploring the role of sexed semen in dairy production systems. J Dairy Sci (E. Suppl) 2003, 87:120-130.

9. Johnson LA. Sexing mammalian sperm for production of offspring: the state-of-the-art. Anim Reprod Sci 2000, 60-61: 93-107.
10. Seidel GE. Economics of selecting for sex: the most important genetic trait. Therionology 2003, 59: 585-598.
11. Hollinshead FK, Brien Jk, et al. Production of lambs of predetermined sex after the insemination of ewes with low numbers of frozen-thawed sorted X- or Y- chromosome bearing spermatozoa. Reprod Fertil Dev 2002, 14: 503-508.
12. Chandler JE, Steinholt-Chenevert HC, et al. Sex ratio variation between ejeculates within sire evaluated by polymerase chain reaction, calving and farrowing records. J Dairy Sci 1998, 81:1855-1867.
13. Makler A, Stoller J, et al. Investigation in real time of the effect of gravitation on human spermatozoa and their tendency to swim-up and swim-down. Int J Androl 1993, 16: 251- 257.
14. Roca J, Martinez S, Vazquez J. M, et al. Viability and fertility of rabbit spermatozoa diluted in Tris- buffer extenders and stored at 15°C. Anim Reprod Sci 2000, 64: 103-112.
15. Castellini C, Pizzi f, Theau-Clement M, et al. Effect of different number of frozen spermatozoa inseminated on the reproductive performance of rabbit does. Theriogenology 2006, 66: 2182-2187.
16. Johnson LA, Flook JP, Hawk HW. Sex preselection in rabbits: live births from X and Y sperm seperated by DNA and cell sorting. Biol Reprod 1989, 41: 199-203.
17. Khatamee MA, Horn SR, et al. A controlled study for gender selection using swim-up seperation. Gynecol Obstet Inves 1999, 48:7- 13.
18. De Jonge CJ, Swann NJ, et al. Failure of multitube sperm swim-up for sex selection. Fertil Steril 1997, 67(6): 1109-1114.
19. Rose AG and Wong A. Experiences in Hong Kong with the theory and practice of the albumin column method of sperm seperation for sex selection. Hum Reprod 1998, 13(1): 146-149.
20. Silverman AY, Stephens SR, et al. Female sex selection using clomiphene citrate and albumin separation of human sperm. Hum Reprod 2002, 17(5): 1254-1256.