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Torus Palatinus and Torus Mandibularis : Five Cases

Year 2006, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 198 - 202, 01.12.2006

Abstract

Torus and exostosis are nodular protuberances of mature bone, the precise designation of which depends on their anatomic location. Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis are the most common intraoral osseous outgrowths. Although the former for over a century and the latter since the beginning of the present century have been the subject of a mustitude of studies, their biological on their biologic meaning and morphologic significance have not been completely understood. Torus palatinus is a common exostosis that occurs in the midline of the hard palate. It represents an anatomical variation rather than a pathological condition, and usually becomes apparent during the second or third decade of life. Torus mandibularis is a common exostosis that develops along the lingual aspect of the mandible. In the cuspid/premolar area torus mandibularis is a bony exophytic growth located of the lingual surface of the mandible and superior to the mylohyoid ridge, usually bilaterally. The purpose of this report is to present five torus cases and to discuss the literature about this disease

References

  • Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ. Oral pathology: clinico-pathologic correlations. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co 1989, pp 386-387.
  • Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM et al. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co 1995, pp 17-20.
  • Antoniades DZ, Belazi M, Papanayiotou P. Concurrence of torus palatinus with palatal and bukkal exostoses. Case report and review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998, 85:552-7557.
  • Haugen LK. Palatine and mandibular tori. A morphologic study in the current Norwegian population. Acta Odontol Scand 1992, 50:65- 77.
  • Vidic B. Incidence of torus palatinus in Yugos- lav skulls. J Dent Res 1966, 45:1511-1515.
  • Woo JK. Torus palatinus. Am J Phys Anthropol 1950, 8:81-106.
  • King DR, Moore GE. The prevalence of torus palatinus. Journal of Oral Medicine 1971, 26:113 -115.
  • King DR, Moore GE. An analysis of torus palatinus in a transatlantic study. J Oral Med 1976, 31:44-46.
  • Reichart PA, Neuhaus F, Sookasem M. Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in Germans and Thai. Community Dent Oral Epidem 1988,16:61-64.
  • Eggen S. Torus mandibularis: an estimation of the degree of genetic determination. Acta Odontol Scand 1989, 47:409-415.
  • Gorsky M, Bukai A, Shohat M. Genetic influence on the prevalence of torus palatinus. Am J Med Genet 1998, 75,138-140.
  • Eggen S, Natvig B.Relationship between torus mandibularis and number of present teeth. Scand J Dent Res 1986, 94:233-240.
  • Kerdpon D, Sirirungrojying S. A clinical study of oral tori in southern Thailand: prevalence and the relation to parafunctional activity. Eur J Oral Sci 1999, 107:9-13.
  • Topazian DS, Mullen FR. Continued growth of a torus palatinus. J Oral Surg 1977, 35:845- 846.
  • Cybulski JS, editor. Contribution to physical anthropology, 1978-1980. Ottowa: National Museum of Cnadap 1981, pp 1-52.
  • Bruce I, Ndanu TA, Addo ME. Epidemiological aspects of oral tori in a Ghanaian community. Int Dent J 2004, 54:78-82.
  • Sonnier KE, Horning GM, Cohen ME. Palatal tubercles, palatal tori, and mandibular tori: prevalence and anatomical features in a U.S. population. J Periodontol 1999, 70(3):329-336.
  • Shah DS, Sanghavi SJ, Chawda JD et al. Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in 1000 patients. Indian J Dent Res 1992, 3(4):107-110.
  • Karaiskos S, Dimitriou P, Tsironis G et al. A clinical and epidemiology study of torus mandibularis. Odontostomatol Proodos 1989, 43(5):443-449.
  • Hrdlicka A. Mandibular and maxillary hyperostoses. Am J Phys Anthropol 1940, 27:1- 67.
  • Bernaba JM. Morphology and incidence of torus palatinus and mandibularis in Brazilian Indians. J Dent Res 1977, 56(5):459-501.
  • Seah YH. Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis: a review of the literature. Aust Dent J 1995, 40(5):318-321.
  • Miller SC, Roth H. Torus palatinus; a statistical study. J Am Dent Assoc 1940, 27:1950-1957.
  • Yildiz E, Deniz M, Ceyhan O. Prevalence of torus palatinus in Turkish Schoolchildren. Surg Radiol Anat 2005, 27(5):368-371.

TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU

Year 2006, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 198 - 202, 01.12.2006

Abstract

Torus ve ekzostozlar, anotomik konuma göre değişen nodüler matür kemik çıkıntılarıdır. Torus palatinus ve torus mandibularis, en sık rastlanılan intraoral kemik fazlalıklarıdır. Yüz yıldan daha fazla süredir bilinmesi, ayrıca bu yüzyılın başından bu yana yaygın çalışmaların konusu olmasına rağmen biyolojik anlamları ve morfolojik önemi hala tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Torus palatinus sert damağın ortasında bulunan yaygın ekzostozlardır. Patolojik bir durumdan ziyade anatomik bir varyasyon olarak sunulur ve genelde hayatın ikinci ve üçüncü dekatlarında ortaya çıkar. Torus mandibularis genellikle bilateral olarak mandibulanın lingual yüzeyinin kanin/premolar bölgesinde ve mylohyoid sırtın üstünde lokalize olan bir kemiğin dışa doğru büyümesidir. Bu çalışmada; toruslara sahip beş hastanın klinik kayıtları bildirilerek ilişkili literatürler eşliğinde tartışılmıştır

References

  • Regezi JA, Sciubba JJ. Oral pathology: clinico-pathologic correlations. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co 1989, pp 386-387.
  • Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM et al. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co 1995, pp 17-20.
  • Antoniades DZ, Belazi M, Papanayiotou P. Concurrence of torus palatinus with palatal and bukkal exostoses. Case report and review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998, 85:552-7557.
  • Haugen LK. Palatine and mandibular tori. A morphologic study in the current Norwegian population. Acta Odontol Scand 1992, 50:65- 77.
  • Vidic B. Incidence of torus palatinus in Yugos- lav skulls. J Dent Res 1966, 45:1511-1515.
  • Woo JK. Torus palatinus. Am J Phys Anthropol 1950, 8:81-106.
  • King DR, Moore GE. The prevalence of torus palatinus. Journal of Oral Medicine 1971, 26:113 -115.
  • King DR, Moore GE. An analysis of torus palatinus in a transatlantic study. J Oral Med 1976, 31:44-46.
  • Reichart PA, Neuhaus F, Sookasem M. Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in Germans and Thai. Community Dent Oral Epidem 1988,16:61-64.
  • Eggen S. Torus mandibularis: an estimation of the degree of genetic determination. Acta Odontol Scand 1989, 47:409-415.
  • Gorsky M, Bukai A, Shohat M. Genetic influence on the prevalence of torus palatinus. Am J Med Genet 1998, 75,138-140.
  • Eggen S, Natvig B.Relationship between torus mandibularis and number of present teeth. Scand J Dent Res 1986, 94:233-240.
  • Kerdpon D, Sirirungrojying S. A clinical study of oral tori in southern Thailand: prevalence and the relation to parafunctional activity. Eur J Oral Sci 1999, 107:9-13.
  • Topazian DS, Mullen FR. Continued growth of a torus palatinus. J Oral Surg 1977, 35:845- 846.
  • Cybulski JS, editor. Contribution to physical anthropology, 1978-1980. Ottowa: National Museum of Cnadap 1981, pp 1-52.
  • Bruce I, Ndanu TA, Addo ME. Epidemiological aspects of oral tori in a Ghanaian community. Int Dent J 2004, 54:78-82.
  • Sonnier KE, Horning GM, Cohen ME. Palatal tubercles, palatal tori, and mandibular tori: prevalence and anatomical features in a U.S. population. J Periodontol 1999, 70(3):329-336.
  • Shah DS, Sanghavi SJ, Chawda JD et al. Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in 1000 patients. Indian J Dent Res 1992, 3(4):107-110.
  • Karaiskos S, Dimitriou P, Tsironis G et al. A clinical and epidemiology study of torus mandibularis. Odontostomatol Proodos 1989, 43(5):443-449.
  • Hrdlicka A. Mandibular and maxillary hyperostoses. Am J Phys Anthropol 1940, 27:1- 67.
  • Bernaba JM. Morphology and incidence of torus palatinus and mandibularis in Brazilian Indians. J Dent Res 1977, 56(5):459-501.
  • Seah YH. Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis: a review of the literature. Aust Dent J 1995, 40(5):318-321.
  • Miller SC, Roth H. Torus palatinus; a statistical study. J Am Dent Assoc 1940, 27:1950-1957.
  • Yildiz E, Deniz M, Ceyhan O. Prevalence of torus palatinus in Turkish Schoolchildren. Surg Radiol Anat 2005, 27(5):368-371.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA38RD52DT
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yıldıray Şişman This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2006
Submission Date December 1, 2006
Published in Issue Year 2006 Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Şişman, Y. (2006). TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(3), 198-202.
AMA Şişman Y. TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU. JHS. December 2006;15(3):198-202.
Chicago Şişman, Yıldıray. “TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 15, no. 3 (December 2006): 198-202.
EndNote Şişman Y (December 1, 2006) TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 15 3 198–202.
IEEE Y. Şişman, “TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU”, JHS, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 198–202, 2006.
ISNAD Şişman, Yıldıray. “TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 15/3 (December 2006), 198-202.
JAMA Şişman Y. TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU. JHS. 2006;15:198–202.
MLA Şişman, Yıldıray. “TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 3, 2006, pp. 198-02.
Vancouver Şişman Y. TORUS PALATİNUS VE TORUS MANDİBULARİS : BEŞ OLGU. JHS. 2006;15(3):198-202.