MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ

İbrahim Yavuz; Gülşen Çakmak

MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ

Year 2017, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 169 - 174, 01.07.2017

Abstract

Hastaların estetik beklentilerindeki artış nedeniyle
ortodontik tedaviye olan talep son yıllarda artmıştır.
Hastaları estetik olarak rahatsız eden ve diş hekimine
başvurmalarına neden olan durumlardan biri de yüzde
görülen asimetridir. Yüz asimetrisi genetik ve çevresel
olmak üzere birçok nedenle oluşabilmektedir. Bu nedenlerden biri de maksiller darlık nedeniyle oluşan
posterior çapraz kapanışın erken dönemde tedavi edilmemesidir. Bu makalenin amacı geleneksel ve güncel
yaklaşımlarla maksiller darlık ve mandibular asimetrinin teşhisi konusunda ortodontistleri bilgilendirmektir.

Keywords

maksiller darlık, mandibular asimetri

References

1. Marshall SD, Southard KA, Southard TE. Early transverse treatment. Semin Orthod 2005; 11:130-139.
2. Bishara SE, Staley RN. Maxillary expansion: clinical implications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1987; 91:3-14.
3. Pinto AS, Buschang PH, Throckmorton GS, Chen P. Morphological and positional asymmetries of young children with functional unilateral posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001; 120:513-520.
4. Ben-Bassat Y, Yaffe A, Brin I, Freeman J, Ehrlich Y. Functional and morphological-occlusal aspects in children treated for unilateral posterior crossbite. Eur J Orthod 1993; 15:57-63.
5. Langberg BJ, Arai K, Miner RM. Transverse skeletal and dental asymmetry in adults with unilateral lingual posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005; 127:6-15.
6. Kutin G, Hawes RR. Posterior cross-bites in the deciduous and mixed dentitions. Am J Orthod 1969; 56:491-504.
7. Bishara SE, Burkey PS, Kharouf JG. Dental and facial asymmetries: a review. Angle Orthod 1994; 64:89-98.
8. Ülgen M. Ortodonti: Anomaliler, sefalometri, etiloji, büyüme ve gelişim, tanı: Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Yayınları 2010; ss 133- 147.
9. Ülgen M. Ortodontik tedavi prensipleri: Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Yayınları 2010; ss 104-114.
10. Cameron CG, Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara JA. Long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion: a posteroanterior cephalometric evaluation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 121:129-135.
11. Joondeph DR, Rıedel RA, Moore AW. Pont's Index: A Clinical Evaluation. Angle Orthod 1970; 40:112- 118.
12. McNamaraa JA. Maxillary transverse deficiency. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000; 117:567- 570.
13. Beyer JW, Lindauer SJ. Evaluation of dental midline position. Semin Orthod 1998; 4:146-152.
14. Çokakoğlu S, Nalçacı R. Orta hat asimetrileri ve tedavi seçenekleri. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 2013; 16:242-251.
15. Miller EL, Bodden WR, Jamison HC. A study of the relationship of the dental midline to the facial median line. J Prosthet Dent 1979; 41:657-660.
16. Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. Skeletal asymmetry in esthetically pleasing faces. Angle Orthod 1991; 61:43-48.
17. Özkepir ÖN, Kamburoğlu K. Dijital Lateral Sefalometri, Posteroanterior Grafiler, El-Bilek Grafileri, Dijital Ortodontik Analizler. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology-Special Topics 2016; 2:51-54.
18. Kantor ML, Phillips CL, Proffit WR. Subtraction radiography to assess reproducibility of patient positioning in cephalometrics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1993; 104:350-354.
19. Yoon Y-J, Kim K-S, Hwang M-S, et al. Effect of head rotation on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Angle Orthod 2001; 71:396-403.
20. Melnik AK. A cephalometric study of mandibular asymmetry in a longitudinally followed sample of growing children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1992; 101:355-366.
21. Urban SD, Waite PD. Management of facial asymmetry. The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 2005; 22:249-259.
22. Chen F, Terada K, Yang L, Saito I. Dental arch widths and mandibular-maxillary base widths in Class III malocclusions from ages 10 to 14. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 133:65-69.
23. Katsumata A, Fujishita M, Maeda M, et al. 3D-CT evaluation of facial asymmetry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005; 99:212- 220.
24. Usumez S, Uysal T, Orhan M, Soganci E. Relationship between static natural head position and head position measured during walking. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006; 129:42-47.
25. Chebib F, Chamma A. Indices of craniofacial asymmetry. Angle Orthod 1981; 51:214-226.
26. Legrell P, Nyquist H, Isberg A. Validity of identification of gonion and antegonion in frontal cephalograms. Angle Orthod 2000; 70:157-164.
27. Pirttiniemi P, Miettinen J, Kantomaa T. Combined effects of errors in frontal-view asymmetry diagnosis. Eur J Orthod 1996; 18:629-636.
28. Lee K-H, Hwang H-S, Curry S, et al. Effect of cephalometer misalignment on calculations of facial asymmetry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2007; 132:15-27.
29. Ricketts RM. Perspectives in the clinical application of cephalometrics: the first fifty years. Angle Orthod 1981; 51:115-150.
30. Uzel I, Enacar A. Ortodontide sefalometri. Yargıçoğlu Matbaası, Ankara 1984; ss 74-75.
31. Mckee IW, Williamson PC, Lam EW, et al. The accuracy of 4 panoramic units in the projection of mesiodistal tooth angulations. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 12:166-175.
32. Kambylafkas P, Murdock E, Gilda E, Tallents RH, Kyrkanides S. Validity of panoramic radiographs for measuring mandibular asymmetry. Angle Orthod 2006; 76:388-393.
33. Ghosh S, Vengal M, Pai KM, Abhishek K. Remodeling of the antegonial angle region in the human mandible: a panoramic radiographic crosssectional study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2010; 15:802-807.
34. Habets L, Bezuur J, Naeiji M, Hansson T. The Orthopantomogram®, an aid in diagnosis of temporomandibular joint problems. J Oral Rehabil 1988; 15:465-471.
35. Vegter F, Hage JJ. Standardized facial photography of cleft patients: Just fit the grid? Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2000; 37:435-440.
36. Mommaerts MY, Moerenhout BA. Reliability of clinical measurements used in the determination of facial indices. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008; 36:279-284.
37. Dahan J. A simple digital procedure to assess facial asymmetry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 122:110-116.
38. Edler R, Wertheim D, Greenhill D. Clinical and computerized assessment of mandibular asymmetry. Eur J Orthod 2001; 23:485-494.
39. Benson PE, Richmond S. A critical appraisal of measurement of the soft tissue outline using photographs and video. Eur J Orthod 1997; 19:397 -409.
40. Lauweryns I, Cauwenberghe NV, Carels C. Interobserver and intraobserver agreement of clinical orthodontic judgments based on intraoral and extraoral photographs. Angle Orthod 1994; 64:23-30.
41. Landes CA, Zachar R, Diehl T, Kovács AF. Introduction of a three-dimensional anthropometry of the viscerocranium. Part II: evaluating osseous and soft tissue changes following orthognathic surgery. Craniomaxillofac Surg 2002; 30:25-34.
42. He X, Shi B, Jiang S, et al. 110 infants with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip: An anthropometric analysis of the lip and nasal deformities. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:847-852.
43. Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Dellavia C, et al. A quantitative three-dimensional assessment of abnormal variations in facial soft tissues of adult patients with cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2003; 40:544-549.
44. Holberg C, Schwenzer K, Mahaini L, Rudzki-Janson I. Accuracy of facial plaster casts: A threedimensional scanner study. Angle Orthod 2006; 76:605-611.
45. Asquith J, Gillgrass T, Mossey P. Threedimensional imaging of orthodontic models: a pilot study. Eur J Orthod 2007; 29:517-522.
46. Farman AG, Scarfe WC. The basics of maxillofacial cone beam computed tomography. Semin Orthod 2009; 15:2-13.
47. Cattaneo PM, Bloch CB, Calmar D, Hjortshøj M, Melsen B. Comparison between conventional and cone-beam computed tomography–generated cephalograms. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 134:798-802.
48. Shimofusa R, Yamamoto S, Horikoshi T, Yokota H, Iwase H. Applicability of facial soft tissue thickness measurements in 3-dimensionally reconstructed multidetector-row CT images for forensic anthropological examination. Legal Medicine 2009; 11:256-259.
49. Danforth RA, Dus I, Mah J. 3-D volume imaging for dentistry: a new dimension. Journal of the California Dental Association 2003; 31:817-823.
50. Lane C, Harrell W. Completing the 3-dimensional picture. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 133:612-620.
51. Kusnoto B, Evans CA. Reliability of a 3D surface laser scanner for orthodontic applications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 122:342-348.
52. Ji Y, Zhang F, Schwartz J, Stile F, Lineaweaver WC. Assessment of facial tissue expansion with threedimensional digitizer scanning. J Craniofac Surg 2002; 13:687-692.
53. Guest E, Berry E, Morris D. Novel methods for quantifying soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 30:484- 489.
54. Germec-Cakan D, Canter HI, Nur B, Arun T. Comparison of facial soft tissue measurements on three-dimensional images and models obtained with different methods. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 21:1393-1399.
55. Uffner NE. Three Dimensional Assessment of the Effects of Extraction on the Smile in Class II High and Low Mandibular Plane Angle Patients. Thesis, Temple University, Ann Arbor 2013; pp 21.
56. Weinberg SM, Scott NM, Neiswanger K, Brandon CA, Marazita ML. Digital three-dimensional photogrammetry: evaluation of anthropometric precision and accuracy using a Genex 3D camera system. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2004; 41:507-518.
57. Taneva E, Kusnoto B, Evans CA. 3D Scanning, Imaging, and Printing in Orthodontics Contemporary Orthodontics Chapter 9, 2015; pp 147-188.
58. Cheong Y-W, Lo L-J. Facial asymmetry: etiology, evaluation, and management. Chang Gung Med J 2011; 34:341-351.
59. Christou T, Kau CH, Waite PD, Kheir NA, Mouritsen D. Modified method of analysis for surgical correction of facial asymmetry. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2013; 3:185-191.

Diagnostic Methods of Maxillary Transversal Deficiency and Mandibular Asymmetry

Year 2017, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 169 - 174, 01.07.2017

İbrahim Yavuz Gülşen Çakmak

Abstract

In recent years the demand for orthodontic treatment
has been increasing due to the enhancement in patient’s
aesthetic expectations. Facial asymmetry is one of the
conditions which aesthetically disturb patients and
cause them to apply to the dentist. Facial asymmetry
can occur for many reasons, including genetic and environmental factors. One of these reasons is posterior
cross bite due to maxillary transversal deficiency, which
is not treated at an early stage. The aim of this article is
to inform orthodontists about the diagnosis of maxillary
transversal deficiency and mandibular asymmetry with
traditional and current approaches

Keywords

maxillary transversal deficiency, mandibular asymmetry

References

1. Marshall SD, Southard KA, Southard TE. Early transverse treatment. Semin Orthod 2005; 11:130-139.
2. Bishara SE, Staley RN. Maxillary expansion: clinical implications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1987; 91:3-14.
3. Pinto AS, Buschang PH, Throckmorton GS, Chen P. Morphological and positional asymmetries of young children with functional unilateral posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001; 120:513-520.
4. Ben-Bassat Y, Yaffe A, Brin I, Freeman J, Ehrlich Y. Functional and morphological-occlusal aspects in children treated for unilateral posterior crossbite. Eur J Orthod 1993; 15:57-63.
5. Langberg BJ, Arai K, Miner RM. Transverse skeletal and dental asymmetry in adults with unilateral lingual posterior crossbite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005; 127:6-15.
6. Kutin G, Hawes RR. Posterior cross-bites in the deciduous and mixed dentitions. Am J Orthod 1969; 56:491-504.
7. Bishara SE, Burkey PS, Kharouf JG. Dental and facial asymmetries: a review. Angle Orthod 1994; 64:89-98.
8. Ülgen M. Ortodonti: Anomaliler, sefalometri, etiloji, büyüme ve gelişim, tanı: Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Yayınları 2010; ss 133- 147.
9. Ülgen M. Ortodontik tedavi prensipleri: Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Yayınları 2010; ss 104-114.
10. Cameron CG, Franchi L, Baccetti T, McNamara JA. Long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion: a posteroanterior cephalometric evaluation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 121:129-135.
11. Joondeph DR, Rıedel RA, Moore AW. Pont's Index: A Clinical Evaluation. Angle Orthod 1970; 40:112- 118.
12. McNamaraa JA. Maxillary transverse deficiency. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000; 117:567- 570.
13. Beyer JW, Lindauer SJ. Evaluation of dental midline position. Semin Orthod 1998; 4:146-152.
14. Çokakoğlu S, Nalçacı R. Orta hat asimetrileri ve tedavi seçenekleri. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 2013; 16:242-251.
15. Miller EL, Bodden WR, Jamison HC. A study of the relationship of the dental midline to the facial median line. J Prosthet Dent 1979; 41:657-660.
16. Peck S, Peck L, Kataja M. Skeletal asymmetry in esthetically pleasing faces. Angle Orthod 1991; 61:43-48.
17. Özkepir ÖN, Kamburoğlu K. Dijital Lateral Sefalometri, Posteroanterior Grafiler, El-Bilek Grafileri, Dijital Ortodontik Analizler. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology-Special Topics 2016; 2:51-54.
18. Kantor ML, Phillips CL, Proffit WR. Subtraction radiography to assess reproducibility of patient positioning in cephalometrics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1993; 104:350-354.
19. Yoon Y-J, Kim K-S, Hwang M-S, et al. Effect of head rotation on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Angle Orthod 2001; 71:396-403.
20. Melnik AK. A cephalometric study of mandibular asymmetry in a longitudinally followed sample of growing children. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1992; 101:355-366.
21. Urban SD, Waite PD. Management of facial asymmetry. The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 2005; 22:249-259.
22. Chen F, Terada K, Yang L, Saito I. Dental arch widths and mandibular-maxillary base widths in Class III malocclusions from ages 10 to 14. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 133:65-69.
23. Katsumata A, Fujishita M, Maeda M, et al. 3D-CT evaluation of facial asymmetry. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2005; 99:212- 220.
24. Usumez S, Uysal T, Orhan M, Soganci E. Relationship between static natural head position and head position measured during walking. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2006; 129:42-47.
25. Chebib F, Chamma A. Indices of craniofacial asymmetry. Angle Orthod 1981; 51:214-226.
26. Legrell P, Nyquist H, Isberg A. Validity of identification of gonion and antegonion in frontal cephalograms. Angle Orthod 2000; 70:157-164.
27. Pirttiniemi P, Miettinen J, Kantomaa T. Combined effects of errors in frontal-view asymmetry diagnosis. Eur J Orthod 1996; 18:629-636.
28. Lee K-H, Hwang H-S, Curry S, et al. Effect of cephalometer misalignment on calculations of facial asymmetry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2007; 132:15-27.
29. Ricketts RM. Perspectives in the clinical application of cephalometrics: the first fifty years. Angle Orthod 1981; 51:115-150.
30. Uzel I, Enacar A. Ortodontide sefalometri. Yargıçoğlu Matbaası, Ankara 1984; ss 74-75.
31. Mckee IW, Williamson PC, Lam EW, et al. The accuracy of 4 panoramic units in the projection of mesiodistal tooth angulations. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 12:166-175.
32. Kambylafkas P, Murdock E, Gilda E, Tallents RH, Kyrkanides S. Validity of panoramic radiographs for measuring mandibular asymmetry. Angle Orthod 2006; 76:388-393.
33. Ghosh S, Vengal M, Pai KM, Abhishek K. Remodeling of the antegonial angle region in the human mandible: a panoramic radiographic crosssectional study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2010; 15:802-807.
34. Habets L, Bezuur J, Naeiji M, Hansson T. The Orthopantomogram®, an aid in diagnosis of temporomandibular joint problems. J Oral Rehabil 1988; 15:465-471.
35. Vegter F, Hage JJ. Standardized facial photography of cleft patients: Just fit the grid? Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2000; 37:435-440.
36. Mommaerts MY, Moerenhout BA. Reliability of clinical measurements used in the determination of facial indices. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2008; 36:279-284.
37. Dahan J. A simple digital procedure to assess facial asymmetry. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 122:110-116.
38. Edler R, Wertheim D, Greenhill D. Clinical and computerized assessment of mandibular asymmetry. Eur J Orthod 2001; 23:485-494.
39. Benson PE, Richmond S. A critical appraisal of measurement of the soft tissue outline using photographs and video. Eur J Orthod 1997; 19:397 -409.
40. Lauweryns I, Cauwenberghe NV, Carels C. Interobserver and intraobserver agreement of clinical orthodontic judgments based on intraoral and extraoral photographs. Angle Orthod 1994; 64:23-30.
41. Landes CA, Zachar R, Diehl T, Kovács AF. Introduction of a three-dimensional anthropometry of the viscerocranium. Part II: evaluating osseous and soft tissue changes following orthognathic surgery. Craniomaxillofac Surg 2002; 30:25-34.
42. He X, Shi B, Jiang S, et al. 110 infants with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip: An anthropometric analysis of the lip and nasal deformities. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:847-852.
43. Ferrario VF, Sforza C, Dellavia C, et al. A quantitative three-dimensional assessment of abnormal variations in facial soft tissues of adult patients with cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2003; 40:544-549.
44. Holberg C, Schwenzer K, Mahaini L, Rudzki-Janson I. Accuracy of facial plaster casts: A threedimensional scanner study. Angle Orthod 2006; 76:605-611.
45. Asquith J, Gillgrass T, Mossey P. Threedimensional imaging of orthodontic models: a pilot study. Eur J Orthod 2007; 29:517-522.
46. Farman AG, Scarfe WC. The basics of maxillofacial cone beam computed tomography. Semin Orthod 2009; 15:2-13.
47. Cattaneo PM, Bloch CB, Calmar D, Hjortshøj M, Melsen B. Comparison between conventional and cone-beam computed tomography–generated cephalograms. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 134:798-802.
48. Shimofusa R, Yamamoto S, Horikoshi T, Yokota H, Iwase H. Applicability of facial soft tissue thickness measurements in 3-dimensionally reconstructed multidetector-row CT images for forensic anthropological examination. Legal Medicine 2009; 11:256-259.
49. Danforth RA, Dus I, Mah J. 3-D volume imaging for dentistry: a new dimension. Journal of the California Dental Association 2003; 31:817-823.
50. Lane C, Harrell W. Completing the 3-dimensional picture. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2008; 133:612-620.
51. Kusnoto B, Evans CA. Reliability of a 3D surface laser scanner for orthodontic applications. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2002; 122:342-348.
52. Ji Y, Zhang F, Schwartz J, Stile F, Lineaweaver WC. Assessment of facial tissue expansion with threedimensional digitizer scanning. J Craniofac Surg 2002; 13:687-692.
53. Guest E, Berry E, Morris D. Novel methods for quantifying soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 30:484- 489.
54. Germec-Cakan D, Canter HI, Nur B, Arun T. Comparison of facial soft tissue measurements on three-dimensional images and models obtained with different methods. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 21:1393-1399.
55. Uffner NE. Three Dimensional Assessment of the Effects of Extraction on the Smile in Class II High and Low Mandibular Plane Angle Patients. Thesis, Temple University, Ann Arbor 2013; pp 21.
56. Weinberg SM, Scott NM, Neiswanger K, Brandon CA, Marazita ML. Digital three-dimensional photogrammetry: evaluation of anthropometric precision and accuracy using a Genex 3D camera system. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2004; 41:507-518.
57. Taneva E, Kusnoto B, Evans CA. 3D Scanning, Imaging, and Printing in Orthodontics Contemporary Orthodontics Chapter 9, 2015; pp 147-188.
58. Cheong Y-W, Lo L-J. Facial asymmetry: etiology, evaluation, and management. Chang Gung Med J 2011; 34:341-351.
59. Christou T, Kau CH, Waite PD, Kheir NA, Mouritsen D. Modified method of analysis for surgical correction of facial asymmetry. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2013; 3:185-191.

There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Other ID	JA52EZ54SD
Journal Section	Research Article
Authors	İbrahim Yavuz This is me Gülşen Çakmak This is me
Publication Date	July 1, 2017
Submission Date	July 1, 2017
Published in Issue	Year 2017 Volume: 26 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Yavuz, İ., & Çakmak, G. (2017). MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 26(2), 169-174.
AMA	Yavuz İ, Çakmak G. MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ. JHS. July 2017;26(2):169-174.
Chicago	Yavuz, İbrahim, and Gülşen Çakmak. “MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 26, no. 2 (July 2017): 169-74.
EndNote	Yavuz İ, Çakmak G (July 1, 2017) MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 26 2 169–174.
IEEE	İ. Yavuz and G. Çakmak, “MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ”, JHS, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 169–174, 2017.
ISNAD	Yavuz, İbrahim - Çakmak, Gülşen. “MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 26/2 (July 2017), 169-174.
JAMA	Yavuz İ, Çakmak G. MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ. JHS. 2017;26:169–174.
MLA	Yavuz, İbrahim and Gülşen Çakmak. “MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ”. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 26, no. 2, 2017, pp. 169-74.
Vancouver	Yavuz İ, Çakmak G. MAKSİLLER DARLIK VE MANDİBULAR ASİMETRİNİN TEŞHİS YÖNTEMLERİ. JHS. 2017;26(2):169-74.

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