MİKROBİYAL BİYOFİLMLERE KARŞI YENİ ANTİBİYOFİLM STRATEJİLERİ ve NANOTEKNOLOJİK YAKLAŞIMLAR

Year 2017, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 262 - 266, 01.12.2017

Dilşad Onbaşlı Gökçen Yuvali Çelik Aysun Ökçesiz

Abstract

Biyofilm, mikroorganizmalar tarafından oluşturulan, herhangi bir yüzeye yapışmalarını sağlayan ve eksopolisakkarit matriks ile çevrilmiş topluluklardır. Biyofilm yapısı canlı ve cansız pek çok yüzeyde bulunabilir. Onları klasik yöntemlerle tamamen yok etmenin mümkün olmadığı bilinmektedir. Modern tıbbın biyofilm enfeksiyonları ile yüzyüze gelmeye başlaması, antibiyotiklere karşı dirençli bakteri topluluğunun artması ve böylece geleneksel antibiyotik tedavilerinin etkinliğinin azalması gibi konular, bilimi ve endüstriyi bu problemi çözmeye ve önlemeye yönelik alternatif yollar bulmaya çağırmaktadır. Bu yüzden yeni antibiyofilm stratejilerle bu alanda yapılan araştırmalar hızla artmaktadır. Son yıllarda materyal bilimi ve biyolojiyi birleştiren bir alan olan nanoteknoloji bilimindeki ilerlemeler, bize antimikrobiyal ve antibiyofilm özellikteki nanopartiküllerin kullanımını işaret etmektedir. Bu amaçla, antimikrobiyal, antibiyofilm ve antiadheziv özelliklere sahip metal, metal oksit nanopartiküller ve doğal bir biyopolimer olan kitosan nanopartiküller, çeşitli çalışmalarda biyofilm oluşumuna karşı yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, yeni antibiyofilm biyofilmlere karşı nanoteknolojik yaklaşımlar da sunulacaktır.stratejilerin yanısıra mikrobiyal

Keywords

Anahtar Nanoteknoloji, Nanopartikül kelimeler: Mikroorganizma, Biyofilm

New Antibiofilm Strategies and Nanotechnological Approaches against Microbial Biofilms

Abstract

A biofilm is a community of microorganisms encased within an exopolysaccharide matrix attached to a surface. Biofilm structures can be found in many surfaces that are alive or inanimate. It is known that conventional methods are inefficient to destroy them completely. In modern medicine, the number of infections related with antibiotic-resistant bacteria has increased and microorganisms growing in biofilms induce many of them. When effectiveness of conventional antibiotics is decreased, there is an urgent need to develop alternative ways to solve and prevent these problems via science and industry. Therefore, the researchs done in this area with new antibiofilm strategies are increasing rapidly. Recently, advances in nanotechnology is an area that combines material science and biology points out that the utilization of antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of nanoparticles.For this purpose, metal, metal oxide, nanoparticles with antimicrobial features, kitosan nanoparticles-natural biopolimers have been used widely against biofilm formation in several studies. In this study, along with the new antibiofilm strategies, nanotechnological approaches against microbial biofilms will be presented

Keywords

Microorganism, Biofilm, Nanotechnology, Nanoparticle

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