ENERJİ GÜVENLİĞİNİN TÜRK DIŞ POLİTİKASI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Year 2023, Volume: XIV Issue: I, 88 - 103, 28.09.2023

Emirhan Göral

Abstract

Çok kutuplu sisteme dönüş orta ölçekli güçlerin güvenlik anlayışlarını yeniden şekillendirmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı’nın akabinde yaşanan enerji krizi, uluslararası alandaki aktörlerin enerji güvenliğinin önemini bir kez daha ortaya koymuştur. Devletlerin enerji gereksinimlerinin artması da enerji kaynaklarını dış politikanın bir unsuru haline dönüştürmektedir. Önde gelen küresel bir enerji tedarikçisi olan Rusya, uluslararası alanda enerji kaynaklarını araçsallaştırmaktadır. Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyesi ülkelerle Rusya arasındaki güncel enerji krizi, Rusya’nın enerjiyi bir silah olarak kullanma tutumunu teyit eder niteliktedir. Türkiye ise, bu enerji çatışmasının taraflarıyla derin ve karmaşık ilişkilere sahiptir ve Türkiye’nin dış politika kararları kaçınılmaz olarak enerji güvenliği kaygılarından etkilenmektedir. Türkiye bir yandan NATO üyesi ve AB’ye aday ülke konumundadır. Diğer yandan enerji tedarikinde Rusya’ya önemli ölçüde bağımlı durumdadır. Bu çalışma Türkiye’nin enerji güvenliği kaygıları ile dış politika tercihleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymayı amaçlamakta ve enerji güvenliğinin Türk dış politikasında yeni bir karar dinamiği olarak geliştiğini ileri sürmektedir.

Keywords

Enerji güvenliği, Türk Dış Politikası, Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı, Avrupa Birliği, çok kutupluluk

THE IMPACT OF ENERGY SECURITY ON TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY

Abstract

The emerging multi-polarity requires middle powers to redefine their security understanding. The current energy crisis in Europe after the Russia-Ukraine war put forth the importance of energy security for any international actor. The increased energy requirement of states grows steadily and energy resources have become an important element of foreign policy. Russia, as one of the leading global energy suppliers, has utilized its energy resources as a political tool in the international arena. The recent energy dispute between Russia and the European Union (EU) members confirms Russia's tendency to use energy as a weapon. Turkey has deep and complicated relations with both parties of this energy conflict and Turkey's foreign policy decisions are unavoidably affected by energy security concerns. On the one hand Turkey is a NATO member and a candidate country for the EU. On the other hand, Turkey is highly dependent on Russian energy resources. This paper aims to evaluate the interaction between the energy security concerns of Turkey and its foreign policy choices and argues that energy security has become a new dynamic for the decision-making process of Turkish foreign policy.

Keywords

Energy security, Turkish Foreign Policy, Russia-Ukraine War, European Union, multipolarity.

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