Is anemia in children with sleep disordered breathing actually a consequence of chronic disease?

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 220 - 226, 04.07.2018

Fatih Alper Akcan , Yusuf Dündar Hümeyra Bayram Akcan Ahmet Uluat , Derya Cebeci Mehmet Ali Sungur

https://doi.org/10.18621/eurj.347720

Abstract

Objective. We aimed to investigate iron metabolism and
laboratory findings of anemia in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy for
sleep disordered breathing. Methods. Consecutive children
undergoing adenoidectomy/adenotonsillectomy for sleep disordered breathing
between January 2013 and January 2015 were investigated. Routine preoperative
blood tests including blood count and iron studies were analyzed. Subgroup
analyses were performed addressing to the severity of sleep disordered
breathing, age and duration of symptoms. Results were compared between subgroups
and normal values. Results. The study included
171 children. The mean age was 5.44 ± 2.62 years. The mean hemoglobin level was
11.87 ± 1.125 gr/dL and 24 (14%) out of 171
patients had anemia (< 11 gr/dL). The mean ferritin levels were 23.23 ± 17.27
µg/L and 21.27 ± 15.44 µg/L in patients with anemia and non-anemic
patients, respectively (p = 0.572).
Ferritin levels decreased in only 8 (33%) out of 24 patients with anemia. The
mean age, body mass index, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, unsaturated
iron binding capacity and serum iron levels decreased in patients with anemia. The
rate of anemia significantly increased in children less than or equal to 3 years
of age (p = 0.020). There was no
significant association between hemoglobin levels and sleep disordered
breathing clinical score or duration of symptoms. Conclusion. The association
between low iron status and sleep disordered breathing has previously
published. Unfortunately, the type of anemia is still unclear. Our results
supposed that the anemia of chronic disease secondary to chronic inflammatory
process might play a role in pathogenesis of anemia in patients with sleep
disordered breathing. 

Keywords

Sleep disordered breathing, adenotonsillectomy, anemia, iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease

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