Diagnosis of Mycoplasma spp., Streptococcus spp., Bordetella bronchiseptica, Klebsiella spp., by Real-time PCR and Pathological Methods in Dogs with Bronchopneumonia

Öz

There are many bacterial factors that cause respiratory diseases in dogs. Bacterial bronchopneumonia is a lung disease caused by bacteria in the lower respiratory tract and lung parenchyma. In this study, it was aimed to determine Mycoplasma spp., Streptococcus spp., Bordetella bronchiseptica, Klebsiella spp., in dogs with bronchopneumonia by Real-time PCR and to compare the histopathological findings determined according to the agents. The material of the study consisted of lung paraffin blocks of 37 dogs that died due to different reasons and were found to have bronchopneumonia in microscopic examination. Microscopically, edema in the alveolar lumens, shedding of the alveolar epithelium, shedding of the bronch and bronchial epithelium and bronchiectasis, mononuclear cell infiltration (MCI) and Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) infiltration in the bronchial lumens, peribronchiolar MCI infiltration, Bacterial clusters localized to the bronch epithelium, PMNL infiltration in the interstitium, multifocal necrosis areas, bleeding and pleuritis were observed. Real-time PCR analysis revealed Bordetella bronchiseptica in 18 (48.64%) cases, Mycoplasma spp. in 9 (24.32%) cases, Streptococcus spp. in 10 (27.02%) cases, and Klebsiella spp. in 2 (5.4%) cases. In conclusion, this study showed that the causative agent can be determined in bacterial bronchopneumonias of dogs with Real-time PCR even in tissues without culture opportunity. In addition, this study indicates that polymicrobial lower respiratory tract infections can also be seen in dogs and reveals that more than one bacterial species should be investigated for diagnosis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bronchopneumonia
• Dog
• Pathology
• Real-time PCR

Bronkopnömonili Köpeklerde Mycoplasma spp., Streptococcus spp., Bordetella bronchiseptica, Klebsiella spp. ’nin Real-time PCR ve Patolojik Yöntemler ile Teşhisi

Öz

Köpeklerde solunum yolu hastalıklarına sebep olan çok sayıda bakteriyel etken vardır. Bakteriyel bronkopnömoni, alt solunum yollarında ve akciğer parankiminde bakterilerin neden olduğu akciğer hastalığıdır. Bu çalışmada bronkopnömonili köpeklerde Mycoplasma spp., Streptococcus spp., Bordetella bronchiseptica, Klebsiella spp.’nin Real-time PCR ile belirlenmesi ve etkenlere göre belirlenen histopatolojik bulguların karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın materyalini farklı sebeplerden dolayı ölen ve mikroskobik muayenede bronkopnömoni belirlenen 37 adet köpeğe ait akciğer parafin bloklar oluşturdu. Mikroskobik olarak alveol lümenlerinde ödem, alveol epitellerinde dökülme, bronş ve bronşiol epitellerinde dökülme ve bronşektazi, bronşiol lümenlerinde mononükleer hücre (MNH) ve Polimorfonükleer lökosit (PMNL) infiltrasyonu, peribronşioler MNH infiltrasyonu, bronş epitellerine lokalize olmuş bakteri kümeleri, intersitisyumda PMNL infiltrasyonu, multifokal nekroz alanları, kanama ve plöritis rastlandı. Real-time PCR incelemesinde 18 (%48.64) olguda Bordetella bronchiseptica, 9 (%24.32) olguda Mycoplasma spp., 10 (%27.02) olguda Streptococcus spp., 2 (%5.4) olguda Klebsiella spp. saptandı. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Real-time PCR ile köpeklerin bakteriyel bronkopnömonilerinde kültür imkânı olmayan dokularda bile etkenin belirlenebileceğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca köpeklerde polimikrobiyal alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarının da görülebileceğine işaret ederek teşhis için birden fazla bakteri türünün araştırılması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bronkopnömoni
• Köpek
• Patoloji
• Real-time PCR

Kaynakça

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