In this study, 305 between 4-8 years on a farm in Holstein Fresian dairy cows in Afyon were used. In two of
these animals with chronic diarrhea were present and cows did not respond to treatment. Clinical studies, hematological
parameters were determined, and blood serum and fecal samples were taken in other cattle in the herd. Mycobacterium
avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) in serum samples was determined using ELISA. The prevalence of paratuberculosis
in dairy cows, Ziehl-Neelsen staining with 4.59% in fecal samples, 31.80% positive by the ELISA test were
determined.
Abendan N, Sevilla IA, Prieto JM , Garrido JM, Juste
RA, Alonso-Hearn M, (2013). Mycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis
isolates from sheep and goats
Show reduced persistence in bovine macrophages than
cattle,bison, deer and wild boar strains regardless of genotype.
Vet Microbiol. 163, 325-334.
Antognoli MC, Hirst HL, Garry FB, Salman MD,
(2007). Immune Response to and Faecal Shedding of
Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in Young
Dairy Calves, and the Association Between Test Results in
the Calves and the Infection Status of their Dams. Zoonoses
Public Hlth . 54, 152-159.
Collins MT, and Sockett DC, (1993a). Accuracy and economics
of USDA-Licensed enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay for bovine paratuberculosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc.
203, 1456-1463.
Collins MT, Sockett DC, Ridge F, (1993b). Evaluation
of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for
Johne’s disease. J Clin Microbiol. 5, 52-55.
Collins MT, Gardner IA, Garry FB, Roussel AJ, Wells JS,
(2006). Consensus recommendations on diagnostic testing
for the detection of paratuberculosis in cattle in the United
States. JAVMA-J AM VET MED A 229(12), 1912-1919.
Çetinkaya B, Erdoğan HM, Morgan KL, (1997). Risk factors
for Bovine Paratuberculosis. II. The multiple analysis
of risk ractors for Bovine Paratuberculosis. Turk J Vet
Anim Sci. 21, 303-306.
Çetinkaya B, Muz A, Ertaş HB, Öngör H, Sezen İY, Gülcü
HB, (2000). Süt ineklerinde Paratüberküloz Prevalansının
Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PZR) ile Saptanması. Turk J
Vet Anim Sci. 24, 371-379.
De Kantor IN, Weyer KE, (2004). 1998-last
update,laboratory services in tuberculosis control, part II.
Dieguez FJ, Gonzalez AM, Menendez S, Vilara MJ,
Sanjuana ML, Yus E, Arnai I, (2009). Evaluation of four
commercial serum ELISAs for detection of Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in dairy cows. Vet
J. 180(2), 2231-235.
Fujiki A, (2001). Direct smear examination. In: TB
Bacteriology Examination to Stop TB. The Research
Institute of Tuberculosis, ed. Fujiki A, Japan International
Cooperation Agency JINNOU Co. 7.
Garcia RR, Perez-de-la-Lastra JM, Vicente J, Ruiz-
Fons F, Garrido JM, Gortazar C, (2008). Large-scale
ELISA testing of Spanish red deer for paratuberculosis. Vet
Immunol Immunopathol.124, 75-81.
Gasteiner J, Wenzli H, Fuchs K, Jark U, Baumgartner
W, (1999). Serological Cross-sectional Study of
Paratuberculosis in Cattle in Austria . J Vet Med. B 46,
457-466.
Gilardoni LR, Paolıcchi FA, Mundo SL. (2012). Bovine
paratuberculosis: a review of the advantages and disadvantages
of different diagnostic tests. Rev Argent Microbiol.
44, 201-215.
Lambeth C, Reddacliff LA, Windsor P, Abbott KA,
MacGregor H, Whittington RJ, (2004). Intrauterin and
transmammary transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis in sheep. Aust Vet J. 82, 504-508.
Makav M, Gökçe E, (2013). Kars Yöresi Sığırlarında
Subklinik Paratuberkülozun Seroprevalansı. Kafkas Univ
Vet Fak Derg. 19 (5), 913-916.
Mura M, Bull TJ, Evans H, Sidi-Boumedine K, McMinn
L, Rhodes G, Pickup R, Hermon-Taylor J, (2006).
Replication and long-term persistence of bovine and human
strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
within Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Applied Environ
Microbiol 72, 854-859.
Naser SA, Ghobrial G, Romero C, Valentine JF, (2004).
Culture of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis
from the blood of patients with Crohn’s disease.
Lancet 364, 1039-1044.
Nielsen SS, Toft N, (2008a). Ante mortem diagnosis of paratuberculosis:
A review of accuracies of ELISA, interferon-ɣ
assay and faecal culture techniques. Vet Microbiol. 129,
217-235.
Nielsen SS, (2008b). Transitions in diagnostic tests used
for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
Vet Microbiol. 132, 274-282.
Öztürk D, Pehlivanoğlu F, Tok AA, Günlü S, Güldali Y,
Türütoğlu H, (2010). Seroprevalence of paratuberculosis
in the Burdur province (Turkey), in dairy cattle using the
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Israel J Vet
Med. 65, 53-57.
Paolicchi A, Zumarraga MJ, Gioffre A., Zamorano P,
Morsella C, Verna1A, Cataldi A, Alito A, Romano M,
(2003). Application of Different Methods for the Diagnosis
of Paratuberculosis in a Dairy Cattle Herd in Argentina. J
Vet Med. B 50, 20-26.
Rajukumar K, Tripathi BN, Kurade NP, Parihar NS,
(2001). An Enzyme -liınked Immunosorbent Assay using
Immuno affinity-purified Antigen in the Diagnosis
of Caprine Paratuberculosis and Its Comparision with
Conventional ELISA. Vet Res Commun. 25, 539-553.
Senturk S, Metcitoglu Z, Ulgen M, Borum E, Temizel E,
Kasap S, (2009). Evaluation of serum iron and iron binding
capacity in cows with paratuberculosis Tierarztl Prax.
6,375-378.
Shahmoradi AH, Arefpajohi Reza, Tadayon K, Mosavari
N, (2008). Paratuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian cattle
farms in Central Iran Trop Anim Health Prod 40, 169-173.
Shin SJ, Cho D, Collins MT, (2008). Diagnosis of bovine
paratuberculosis by a novel enzyme-linked imunosorbent
assay based on early secreted antigens of Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Clin Vaccine Immunol, 15,
1277-1281.
Singh SV, Singh AV, Singh R, Sharma S, Shuklab N,
Misraa S, Singh PK, Sohala JS, Kumar H, Patil PK,
Misrad P, Sandhu KS, (2008). Sero-prevalence of Bovine
Johne’s disease in buffaloes and cattle population of
North India using indigenous ELISA kit based on native
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis ‘Bison
type’ genotype of goat origin. Comp Immunol Microb. 31,
419-433.
Stabel, JR, (1996). Production of gamma-interferon by peripheral
blood mononuclear cells: an important diagnostic
tool for detection of subclinical paratuberculosis. J Vet
Diagn Invest 8, 345-350.
Sweeney RW, Whitlock RH, Rosenberger A, (1992).
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cultured
from milk and suprammamary lymph nodes of infected
asyntomatic cows. J Clin Microbiol. 30, 166-71.
Uzoigwe JC, Khaitsa ML, Gibbs PS, (2007).
Epidemiological evidence for Mycobacterium avium subspecies
paratuberculosis as a cause of Crohn’s disease.
Epidemiol Infect. 135, 1057-1068.
Yıldırım D, Civelek T, (2013). Prevalence of subclinical
paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in Uşak Region, Kars Yöresi
Sığırlarında Subklinik Paratuberkülozun Seroprevalansı
Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 19 (1), 121-126.
Yooa HS, Shin SJ, (2012). Recent research on bovine
paratuberculosis in South Korea. Vet Immunol
Immunopathol.148, 23-28.
ELISA ve fekal bakteriyoskopi ile sığırlarda Paratuberküloz prevalansının belirlenmesi
Bu çalışmada Afyon ve civarındaki çiftliklerden 4-8 yaş arasındaki 305 Holstein Fresian sütçü sığırlar kullanılmıştır.
Bu sığırların iki tanesinde kronik diare şikayeti mevcuttu ve yapılan tedaviye cevap vermemiştir. Sürüdeki diğer
sığırlarda klinik inceleme yapılmış, hematolojik parametrelere bakılmış, teşhis amaçlı dışkı ve kan serumu örnekleri
alınmıştır. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) serum örneklerinde ELISA yöntemi kullanılarak tespit
edildi. Süt sığırlannda paratuberküloz’un prevalansı, dışkı örneklerinde; Ziehl-Neelsen boyama ile %4.59, ELISA testi
ile ise %31.80 oranında pozitif tespit edilmiştir
Abendan N, Sevilla IA, Prieto JM , Garrido JM, Juste
RA, Alonso-Hearn M, (2013). Mycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis
isolates from sheep and goats
Show reduced persistence in bovine macrophages than
cattle,bison, deer and wild boar strains regardless of genotype.
Vet Microbiol. 163, 325-334.
Antognoli MC, Hirst HL, Garry FB, Salman MD,
(2007). Immune Response to and Faecal Shedding of
Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in Young
Dairy Calves, and the Association Between Test Results in
the Calves and the Infection Status of their Dams. Zoonoses
Public Hlth . 54, 152-159.
Collins MT, and Sockett DC, (1993a). Accuracy and economics
of USDA-Licensed enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay for bovine paratuberculosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc.
203, 1456-1463.
Collins MT, Sockett DC, Ridge F, (1993b). Evaluation
of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for
Johne’s disease. J Clin Microbiol. 5, 52-55.
Collins MT, Gardner IA, Garry FB, Roussel AJ, Wells JS,
(2006). Consensus recommendations on diagnostic testing
for the detection of paratuberculosis in cattle in the United
States. JAVMA-J AM VET MED A 229(12), 1912-1919.
Çetinkaya B, Erdoğan HM, Morgan KL, (1997). Risk factors
for Bovine Paratuberculosis. II. The multiple analysis
of risk ractors for Bovine Paratuberculosis. Turk J Vet
Anim Sci. 21, 303-306.
Çetinkaya B, Muz A, Ertaş HB, Öngör H, Sezen İY, Gülcü
HB, (2000). Süt ineklerinde Paratüberküloz Prevalansının
Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PZR) ile Saptanması. Turk J
Vet Anim Sci. 24, 371-379.
De Kantor IN, Weyer KE, (2004). 1998-last
update,laboratory services in tuberculosis control, part II.
Dieguez FJ, Gonzalez AM, Menendez S, Vilara MJ,
Sanjuana ML, Yus E, Arnai I, (2009). Evaluation of four
commercial serum ELISAs for detection of Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in dairy cows. Vet
J. 180(2), 2231-235.
Fujiki A, (2001). Direct smear examination. In: TB
Bacteriology Examination to Stop TB. The Research
Institute of Tuberculosis, ed. Fujiki A, Japan International
Cooperation Agency JINNOU Co. 7.
Garcia RR, Perez-de-la-Lastra JM, Vicente J, Ruiz-
Fons F, Garrido JM, Gortazar C, (2008). Large-scale
ELISA testing of Spanish red deer for paratuberculosis. Vet
Immunol Immunopathol.124, 75-81.
Gasteiner J, Wenzli H, Fuchs K, Jark U, Baumgartner
W, (1999). Serological Cross-sectional Study of
Paratuberculosis in Cattle in Austria . J Vet Med. B 46,
457-466.
Gilardoni LR, Paolıcchi FA, Mundo SL. (2012). Bovine
paratuberculosis: a review of the advantages and disadvantages
of different diagnostic tests. Rev Argent Microbiol.
44, 201-215.
Lambeth C, Reddacliff LA, Windsor P, Abbott KA,
MacGregor H, Whittington RJ, (2004). Intrauterin and
transmammary transmission of Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis in sheep. Aust Vet J. 82, 504-508.
Makav M, Gökçe E, (2013). Kars Yöresi Sığırlarında
Subklinik Paratuberkülozun Seroprevalansı. Kafkas Univ
Vet Fak Derg. 19 (5), 913-916.
Mura M, Bull TJ, Evans H, Sidi-Boumedine K, McMinn
L, Rhodes G, Pickup R, Hermon-Taylor J, (2006).
Replication and long-term persistence of bovine and human
strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
within Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Applied Environ
Microbiol 72, 854-859.
Naser SA, Ghobrial G, Romero C, Valentine JF, (2004).
Culture of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis
from the blood of patients with Crohn’s disease.
Lancet 364, 1039-1044.
Nielsen SS, Toft N, (2008a). Ante mortem diagnosis of paratuberculosis:
A review of accuracies of ELISA, interferon-ɣ
assay and faecal culture techniques. Vet Microbiol. 129,
217-235.
Nielsen SS, (2008b). Transitions in diagnostic tests used
for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
Vet Microbiol. 132, 274-282.
Öztürk D, Pehlivanoğlu F, Tok AA, Günlü S, Güldali Y,
Türütoğlu H, (2010). Seroprevalence of paratuberculosis
in the Burdur province (Turkey), in dairy cattle using the
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Israel J Vet
Med. 65, 53-57.
Paolicchi A, Zumarraga MJ, Gioffre A., Zamorano P,
Morsella C, Verna1A, Cataldi A, Alito A, Romano M,
(2003). Application of Different Methods for the Diagnosis
of Paratuberculosis in a Dairy Cattle Herd in Argentina. J
Vet Med. B 50, 20-26.
Rajukumar K, Tripathi BN, Kurade NP, Parihar NS,
(2001). An Enzyme -liınked Immunosorbent Assay using
Immuno affinity-purified Antigen in the Diagnosis
of Caprine Paratuberculosis and Its Comparision with
Conventional ELISA. Vet Res Commun. 25, 539-553.
Senturk S, Metcitoglu Z, Ulgen M, Borum E, Temizel E,
Kasap S, (2009). Evaluation of serum iron and iron binding
capacity in cows with paratuberculosis Tierarztl Prax.
6,375-378.
Shahmoradi AH, Arefpajohi Reza, Tadayon K, Mosavari
N, (2008). Paratuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian cattle
farms in Central Iran Trop Anim Health Prod 40, 169-173.
Shin SJ, Cho D, Collins MT, (2008). Diagnosis of bovine
paratuberculosis by a novel enzyme-linked imunosorbent
assay based on early secreted antigens of Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Clin Vaccine Immunol, 15,
1277-1281.
Singh SV, Singh AV, Singh R, Sharma S, Shuklab N,
Misraa S, Singh PK, Sohala JS, Kumar H, Patil PK,
Misrad P, Sandhu KS, (2008). Sero-prevalence of Bovine
Johne’s disease in buffaloes and cattle population of
North India using indigenous ELISA kit based on native
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis ‘Bison
type’ genotype of goat origin. Comp Immunol Microb. 31,
419-433.
Stabel, JR, (1996). Production of gamma-interferon by peripheral
blood mononuclear cells: an important diagnostic
tool for detection of subclinical paratuberculosis. J Vet
Diagn Invest 8, 345-350.
Sweeney RW, Whitlock RH, Rosenberger A, (1992).
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cultured
from milk and suprammamary lymph nodes of infected
asyntomatic cows. J Clin Microbiol. 30, 166-71.
Uzoigwe JC, Khaitsa ML, Gibbs PS, (2007).
Epidemiological evidence for Mycobacterium avium subspecies
paratuberculosis as a cause of Crohn’s disease.
Epidemiol Infect. 135, 1057-1068.
Yıldırım D, Civelek T, (2013). Prevalence of subclinical
paratuberculosis in dairy cattle in Uşak Region, Kars Yöresi
Sığırlarında Subklinik Paratuberkülozun Seroprevalansı
Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 19 (1), 121-126.
Yooa HS, Shin SJ, (2012). Recent research on bovine
paratuberculosis in South Korea. Vet Immunol
Immunopathol.148, 23-28.