Tumor Cells and Microenvironmental Interaction in Natural Course of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor

Year 2024, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 51 - 57, 04.07.2024

Tuğçe Anteplioğlu , Tilbe Su Yapıcı , Mehmet Eray Alçığır

https://doi.org/10.35864/evmd.1474684

Abstract

Canine transmissible venereal tumors (CTVT) is a naturally occurring tumor that is mostly transmitted between dogs through coitus. This study aims to investigate the effect of CTVT on molecular expression and disease progression by studying the tumor microenvironment (TME). For this purpose, biopsy samples taken from ten female dogs were evaluated histopathologically and CTVT was diagnosed. The expression of markers such as CD163, CD68, CD44, TGF-beta and bFGF was evaluated by immunoperoxidase tests. Histopathologically, CTVT cells exhibited pleomorphism, ranging from round to polygonal. Some cells exhibited prominent vacuoles and hypochromatic nuclei, while others exhibited hyperchromatic nuclei containing mitotic figures within the thin fibrovascular wall. Immunohistochemically, TGF-beta and CD44 expression was higher in CTVT cells compared to CD68 and bFGF, while bFGF expression was higher in fibrocytes and spindle cells compared to other markers. The results indicate that CD44 and TGF-beta may play a pivotal role in fibrovascular processes, CD163 and CD68 may facilitate interactions between stromal components and mesenchymal cells, and bFGF, TGF-beta and CD68 may contribute to the arrest of tumoral progression and the initiation of the regression phase. These findings underscore the necessity for further studies to elucidate the role of markers at different stages of CTVT progression.

Keywords

CTVT, dog, histopathology, immunoexpression, microenvironment

Köpek Aktarılabilir Venereal Tümörlerinin Doğal Seyri Sırasında Tümör ile Mikroçevre Etkileşimi

Abstract

Köpeklerde Aktarılabilen Venereal Tümörler (CTVT), doğal olarak oluşan ve çoğunlukla cinsel temas yoluyla köpekler arasında aktarılan bir tümördür. Bu çalışma, CTVT'nin tümör mikroçevresini (TME) inceleyerek moleküler ekspresyon ve hastalık ilerlemesi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bunun için; on dişi köpekten alınan biyopsi örnekleri histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi ve CTVT tanısı konuldu. CD163, CD68, CD44, TGF-beta ve bFGF gibi belirteçlerin immünoperoksidaz testlerle ekspresyonları değerlendirildi. Histopatolojik olarak; CTVT hücrelerinin yuvarlaktan poligonal şekle kadar değişen pleomorfizm gösterdiği, bazı hücrelerin belirgin vakuoller ve hipokromatik çekirdeklere sahip olduğu bazılarınınsa ince fibrovasküler duvar içinde mitotik figürler içeren hiperkromatik çekirdeklerinin olduğu görüldü. İmmünohistokimyasal olarak, CTVT hücrelerinde TGF-beta ve CD44 ekspresyonu CD68 ve bFGF'ye kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu; bFGF ekspresyonunun ise fibrositlerde ve iğsi hücrelerde diğer belirteçlere göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlendi. Sonuçlar, CD44 ve TGF-beta'nın fibrovasküler süreçlerde önemli roller oynayabileceğini, CD163 ve CD68'in ise stromal bileşenler ve mezenkimal hücreler arasındaki etkileşimleri kolaylaştırabileceğini ve bFGF, TGF-beta ve CD68'in tümöral ilerlemenin durdurulmasına ve gerileme evresinin başlatılmasına katkı sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, CTVT ilerlemesinin farklı aşamalarında belirteçlerin rolünü anlamak için daha fazla çalışma gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

CTVT, histopatoloji, immünoekspresyon, köpek, mikroçevre

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