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Kırgızistan Mezar Ziyaretle

Year 2014, Volume: 20 Issue: 77, 101 - 112, 01.04.2014

Abstract

Sovyetler Birliği’nin çöküşüyle beraber Orta Asya genelinde dini bir canlanış
başlamıştır. Bu dini canlanışın Kırgızistan’daki yansıması gittikçe popülerleşen mazar
ziyaretlerinde gözlemlenmektedir. Mazar kelimesi, Kırgızistan’da en sık kullanılan
haliyle “kutsal yer” (ıyık cer) anlamına gelir. Bu kutsal yerler genellikle pınar, sıra dışı
kaya oluşumları, mağaralar, karınca yuvaları, dağ ve ağaç gibi doğal oluşumlardır. Bazı
mazarlar ise önemli olayların gerçekleştiğine inanılan yerlerde konumlanmıştır. Mazar
merkezli ibadet Kırgızların ruhani hayatlarında merkezi bir konuma sahiptir. Mazarların
özel vasıfları olduğuna, bu yerlerin kutsal ruhlar tarafından iskân edildiğine ve bu kutsal
yerlerde yapılan duaların, dilenen dileklerin Allah’a daha etkili ve anlamlı bir şekilde
iletildiğine inanırlar.
Kırgızistan’daki mazar merkezli inanışlar ve ritüeller İslamiyet öncesine dayanır
ve İslamiyet’le uyumlu hale getirilip günümüze kadar yaşatılmıştır. Bu süreç içinde
hikâyeleri, ritüelleri ve inanış biçimleriyle çok zengin bir mazar kültürü oluşmuştur.
Sovyetler Birliği sırasında baskı altına alınıp zarar gördüyse de din üzerindeki baskının
gevşemesiyle birlikte mazar geleneği yeni anlamlar kazanarak tekrar canlanmış ve
Kırgızlar için yeni sosyal, kültürel, dini ve hatta politik işlevler üstlenmiştir. Mazarlar,
entelektüel Kırgızlar için Kırgız milli kimliğini tanımlama aracı haline gelmiş, sıradan
Kırgızlar içinse bağımsızlık sonrası yaşanan sürekli kargaşa ve endişe ortamında avuntu;
ekonomik, ailesel ve sağlıkla ilgili problemlerine çare olmuşlardır.

References

  • DeWeese, D. (1994). Islamization and Native Religion in the Golden Horde. Pensilvanya: the Pennsylvannia state University Press.
  • Diykanbayeva, M. (2009). Kırgız Atalar Kültü ve Kırgız Atalar Kültünün Yaşayan
  • Kültüre Etkileri. Doktora tezi, gazi Üniversitesi sosyal Bilimler enstitüsü türk Dili ve
  • edebiyatı ana Bilim Dalı, ankara.
  • giddens, a. (1991). Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. stanford: stanford University Press.
  • gross, J. (1999). the Polemic of “Official” and “Unofficial” ıslam: sufism in soviet Central asia. ın F. de Jong & B. radtke (eds.), Islamic Mysticism Contested: Thirteen Centuries of Controversies and Polemics. (pp. 520-542). Boston: Brill.
  • Kehl-Bodrogi, K. (2005). Saints, Shrines and Spirits in Khorezm: A Study of Local Islam in post-Soviet Uzbekistan. Halle/saale: Max Planck ınstitute for social anthropology.
  • louw, M. (2007). Everyday Islam in post-Soviet Central Asia: routledge.
  • McBrien, J. (2006). extreme Conversations: secularism, religious Pluralism, and the rhetoric of ıslamic extremism in southern Kyrgyzstan. ın C.Hann, (eds), The post- Socialist Religious Question: Faith and Power in Central Asia and East-Central Europe. Berlin: transaction Publishers.
  • Poliakov, s.P. (1992). Everyday Islam: Religion and Tradition in Rural Central Asia. londra: M.e. sharpe.
  • saroyan, M. (1997). Minorities, Mullahs, and Modernity: Reshaping Community in the Late Soviet Union. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • tyson, D. (1997). shrine Pilgrimage in turkmenistan as a Means to Understand ıslam among the turkmen. Central Asia Monitor, 1, 1-20.

Mazar Worship in Kyrgyzstan

Year 2014, Volume: 20 Issue: 77, 101 - 112, 01.04.2014

Abstract

With the collapse of the Soviet Union, Central Asia has experienced a religious
revivalism. Region-wide religious revivalism is most obvious in increasingly popular
mazar worship in Kyrgyzstan. The most common usage of the mazar term in Kyrgyzstan
refers to a sacred place or a shrine. These holy sites are centered around natural objects or
formations such as springs, caves, unusual rock formations, anthills, mountains, or trees.
Some others are located at places where important events are believed to have occurred.
Mazar visits hold a central place in spiritual lives of the Kyrgyz. They believe that the
mazars have special qualities, are occupied by spirits and that the worship in these sacred
sites is delivered to God in a more effective and meaningful way.
The mazar-centered beliefs and rituals in Kyrgyzstan go back to pre-Islamic era, but
have been adapted with Islamic principles and have survived until today. Throughout
long history, a rich mazar culture has come into existence with stories, rituals and belief
forms. Even though it has been damaged and even destroyed during the Soviet Union,
the mazar tradition has revitalized during independence period with new meanings.
The mazars provide new social, cultural, religious and even political functions for the
Kyrgyz people today. While the mazars serve as tools for intellectual Kyrgyz who try to
construct a national identity, they provide ordinary Kyrgyz with solace and hope of aid
for their economic, health and family problems in an era of constant chaos and anxiety.

References

  • DeWeese, D. (1994). Islamization and Native Religion in the Golden Horde. Pensilvanya: the Pennsylvannia state University Press.
  • Diykanbayeva, M. (2009). Kırgız Atalar Kültü ve Kırgız Atalar Kültünün Yaşayan
  • Kültüre Etkileri. Doktora tezi, gazi Üniversitesi sosyal Bilimler enstitüsü türk Dili ve
  • edebiyatı ana Bilim Dalı, ankara.
  • giddens, a. (1991). Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. stanford: stanford University Press.
  • gross, J. (1999). the Polemic of “Official” and “Unofficial” ıslam: sufism in soviet Central asia. ın F. de Jong & B. radtke (eds.), Islamic Mysticism Contested: Thirteen Centuries of Controversies and Polemics. (pp. 520-542). Boston: Brill.
  • Kehl-Bodrogi, K. (2005). Saints, Shrines and Spirits in Khorezm: A Study of Local Islam in post-Soviet Uzbekistan. Halle/saale: Max Planck ınstitute for social anthropology.
  • louw, M. (2007). Everyday Islam in post-Soviet Central Asia: routledge.
  • McBrien, J. (2006). extreme Conversations: secularism, religious Pluralism, and the rhetoric of ıslamic extremism in southern Kyrgyzstan. ın C.Hann, (eds), The post- Socialist Religious Question: Faith and Power in Central Asia and East-Central Europe. Berlin: transaction Publishers.
  • Poliakov, s.P. (1992). Everyday Islam: Religion and Tradition in Rural Central Asia. londra: M.e. sharpe.
  • saroyan, M. (1997). Minorities, Mullahs, and Modernity: Reshaping Community in the Late Soviet Union. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • tyson, D. (1997). shrine Pilgrimage in turkmenistan as a Means to Understand ıslam among the turkmen. Central Asia Monitor, 1, 1-20.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA67JJ25VS
Journal Section Article
Authors

Barış İşçi Pembeci This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 20 Issue: 77

Cite

APA İşçi Pembeci, B. (2014). Kırgızistan Mezar Ziyaretle. Folklor/Edebiyat, 20(77), 101-112.

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Field EdItors

Folklore:
Prof.Dr. Hande Birkalan-Gedik
(Frankfurt University- birkalan-gedik@em.uni.frankfurt.de)
Prof. Dr. Arzu Öztürkmen
(Bosphorus University- ozturkme@boun.edu.tr)
Edebiyat-Literature
Prof. Dr. G. Gonca Gökalp Alpaslan (Hacettepe University - ggonca@
hacettepe.edu.tr)
Prof. Dr. Ramazan Korkmaz
(President, Caucasus University Association- r_korkmaz@hotmail.com)
Antropoloji-Anthropology
Prof. Dr. Akile Gürsoy
(Beykent University - gursoyakile@gmail.com)
Prof.Dr. Serpil Aygün Cengiz
(Ankara University - serpilayguncengiz@gmail.com)
Dil-Dilbilim/Linguistics
Prof.Dr. Aysu Erden
(Maltepe University - aysuerden777@gmail.com)
Prof. Dr. V. Doğan Günay
(Dokuz Eylul University- dogan.gunay@deu.edu.tr)