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ZİHİNSEL SÜREÇLERİN FİZİKSEL OLARAK AÇIKLANMASI PROBLEMİ VE FİZİKALİZM ELEŞTİRİSİ

Year 2015, Issue: 61, 127 - 152, 15.07.2015

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, zihinsel süreçlerin kaynağının ne olduğu ve bu zihinsel
süreçlerin fiziksel olaylara indirgenerek açıklanıp açıklanamayacağı
problemi ele alınmıştır. Bir kısım filozoflar zihinsel süreçleri fiziksel olmayan
niteliklerle açıklamaya çalışırken, diğerleri tümüyle fiziksel açıklamalar
yapmaktadır. Bu noktada fizikselci yaklaşım, zihinsel süreçleri
tümüyle fiziksel bir şekilde, beyin olayları ile açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Fizikalizm ve özdeşlik kuramları zihinsel olanın doğasını doğrudan doğruya
fizikî olandan çıkarsamaya ve dolayısıyla onu fizikî olana indirgemeye
çalışır. Fiziksel olayların zihinsel süreçleri nasıl ortaya çıkardığını açıklamakta,
fizikalist yaklaşım ve özdeşlik kuramları yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu
bağlamda makalenin amacı fizikalizm ve özdeşlik kuramlarının bilinç ile
zihinsel süreçleri açıklamada yetersiz kaldığı noktaları farklı filozoflardan
hareketle ortaya koymaktır.

References

  • • Ahmet Cevizci, Metafiziğe Giriş, Paradigma Yayınları, İstanbul 2001.
  • • David M Rosenthal, “Consciousness”, A Companion to Metaphysics, (Ed. Jaegwon Kim, Ernest Sosa), Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.
  • • Donald Davidson, “Mental Events”, Essays on Actions and Events içinde, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1980, 229-239.
  • • Frank Jackson, “Epiphenomenal Qualia,” Philosophical Quarterly, sayı: 32, 1982, 127-136.
  • • Frank Jackson, “What Mary Didnt Know”, Journal of Philosophy, Vol.83, No.5, 1986.
  • • George Graham, Philosophy of Mind, Blackwell, Oxford 1998.
  • • Hofstadter Douglas R., Daniel C. Dennett, The Mind’s I- Fantasies and Reflections on Self and Soul, Basic Books, in the United States 1981.
  • • Jean Gerard Rossi, Analitik Felsefe, Çeviren. Atakan Altınörs, Paradigma Yayınları, İstanbul 2001.
  • • Jerome A Shaffer, Philosophy of Mind, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice- Hall, 1968.
  • • John Hospers, An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis, Prentice- Hall, Oxford 1968.
  • • John Roger Searle, Mind, Language and Society-Philosophy in The Real World-Perseus Books Group, Newyork, in the United States of America 1998.
  • • John Roger Searle, Conscıousness and Language, Cambridge University Press, in The United States of America 2002.
  • • John Roger Searle, Zihnin Yeniden Keşfi, Çeviren. Muhittin Macit, Litera Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2004.
  • • John Roger Searle, Minds, Brains and Science, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1984.
  • • Joseph Levine, “Materialism and Qualia: the Explanatory Gap”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, cilt:64,1983, 354-361.
  • • Joseph Levine, Purple Haze: the Puzzle of Consciousness, Oxford University Press, New York 2001.
  • • Kamuran Gödelek, Zihin Felsefesi, Editörler. Veli Urhan, Serdar Uslu, Açık Öğretim Fakültesi Yayını, Eskişehir 2013.
  • • Mark Wynn, “ Emergent Phenomena and Theistic Explanation”, International Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 39, cilt: 2, 1999, 141-155.
  • • Richard Rorty, Davidson’s Mental-Physical Distinction, The Philosophy of Donald Davidson, ed. Lewis Edin Hahn, Open Court Publishing, Chicago 1999.
  • • Richard Warner, “A Challenge to Physicalism”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, cilt: 64, No. 3, 1986.
  • • Saul Kripke, Naming and Necessity, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States of America 2001.
  • • Stephen Priest, Theories of the Mind, Penguin Books, London 1991.
  • • Steven Horst, “Evolutionary Explanation and Consciousness”, Journal of Psychology an Theology, Vol. 30, cilt: 1, 2001, 41-50.
  • • Thomas Nagel, “What is it Like to be a Bat?”, Philosophical Review, cilt:83, 1974, 435-450.
  • • Thomas Nagel, Her Şey Ne Anlama Gelir?, Çeviren. Hakan Gündoğdu, 1.bs., Paradigma Yayınları, İstanbul 2004.
  • • Tim Crane, Elements of Mind, 1.Basım, Oxford University Press, England 2001.
  • • Yujin Nagasawa, God and Phenomenal Consciousness, Cambridge University Press, New York 2008

The Problem of Explaining Mental Processes Physically and Criticism of Physicalism

Year 2015, Issue: 61, 127 - 152, 15.07.2015

Abstract

In this study, what is the source of mental processes and the problem
of whether these mental processes can be explained by reducing to
physical phenomena are discussed. While a number of philosophers trying
to explain mental processes with non-physical attributes, the others bring
entirely physical descriptions. The physicalist approach at this point, aims
to explain mental processes in a completely physical way, by brain events.
Physicalism and identicalness theories try to deduce the nature of the men-
tal directly from the physical and therefore reduce it to the physical. Physicalist
approach and identicalness theories are inadequate at explaining how
physical processes create mental processes. In this context, the article aims
to show the points where physicalism and identicalness theories are inadequate
at explaining mental processes and consciousness by referring
different philosophers.

References

  • • Ahmet Cevizci, Metafiziğe Giriş, Paradigma Yayınları, İstanbul 2001.
  • • David M Rosenthal, “Consciousness”, A Companion to Metaphysics, (Ed. Jaegwon Kim, Ernest Sosa), Oxford: Blackwell, 1995.
  • • Donald Davidson, “Mental Events”, Essays on Actions and Events içinde, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1980, 229-239.
  • • Frank Jackson, “Epiphenomenal Qualia,” Philosophical Quarterly, sayı: 32, 1982, 127-136.
  • • Frank Jackson, “What Mary Didnt Know”, Journal of Philosophy, Vol.83, No.5, 1986.
  • • George Graham, Philosophy of Mind, Blackwell, Oxford 1998.
  • • Hofstadter Douglas R., Daniel C. Dennett, The Mind’s I- Fantasies and Reflections on Self and Soul, Basic Books, in the United States 1981.
  • • Jean Gerard Rossi, Analitik Felsefe, Çeviren. Atakan Altınörs, Paradigma Yayınları, İstanbul 2001.
  • • Jerome A Shaffer, Philosophy of Mind, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice- Hall, 1968.
  • • John Hospers, An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis, Prentice- Hall, Oxford 1968.
  • • John Roger Searle, Mind, Language and Society-Philosophy in The Real World-Perseus Books Group, Newyork, in the United States of America 1998.
  • • John Roger Searle, Conscıousness and Language, Cambridge University Press, in The United States of America 2002.
  • • John Roger Searle, Zihnin Yeniden Keşfi, Çeviren. Muhittin Macit, Litera Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2004.
  • • John Roger Searle, Minds, Brains and Science, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1984.
  • • Joseph Levine, “Materialism and Qualia: the Explanatory Gap”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, cilt:64,1983, 354-361.
  • • Joseph Levine, Purple Haze: the Puzzle of Consciousness, Oxford University Press, New York 2001.
  • • Kamuran Gödelek, Zihin Felsefesi, Editörler. Veli Urhan, Serdar Uslu, Açık Öğretim Fakültesi Yayını, Eskişehir 2013.
  • • Mark Wynn, “ Emergent Phenomena and Theistic Explanation”, International Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 39, cilt: 2, 1999, 141-155.
  • • Richard Rorty, Davidson’s Mental-Physical Distinction, The Philosophy of Donald Davidson, ed. Lewis Edin Hahn, Open Court Publishing, Chicago 1999.
  • • Richard Warner, “A Challenge to Physicalism”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, cilt: 64, No. 3, 1986.
  • • Saul Kripke, Naming and Necessity, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States of America 2001.
  • • Stephen Priest, Theories of the Mind, Penguin Books, London 1991.
  • • Steven Horst, “Evolutionary Explanation and Consciousness”, Journal of Psychology an Theology, Vol. 30, cilt: 1, 2001, 41-50.
  • • Thomas Nagel, “What is it Like to be a Bat?”, Philosophical Review, cilt:83, 1974, 435-450.
  • • Thomas Nagel, Her Şey Ne Anlama Gelir?, Çeviren. Hakan Gündoğdu, 1.bs., Paradigma Yayınları, İstanbul 2004.
  • • Tim Crane, Elements of Mind, 1.Basım, Oxford University Press, England 2001.
  • • Yujin Nagasawa, God and Phenomenal Consciousness, Cambridge University Press, New York 2008
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Vedat Çelebi This is me

Publication Date July 15, 2015
Submission Date April 15, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Issue: 61

Cite

APA Çelebi, V. (2015). ZİHİNSEL SÜREÇLERİN FİZİKSEL OLARAK AÇIKLANMASI PROBLEMİ VE FİZİKALİZM ELEŞTİRİSİ. Felsefe Dünyası(61), 127-152.