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WALTER T. STACE VE STEVEN T. KATZ'A ÖZEL BİR REFERANSLA MİSTİK TECRÜBENİN MAHİYETİ, NESNELLİĞİ VE DIŞAVURUMU

Year 2018, Issue: 68, 110 - 134, 15.12.2018

Abstract

Hem Walter T. Stace hem Steven T. Katz evrensel öze dair birbirlerine zıt argümanlarla
mistik tecrübe konusunda önemli rol oynarlar. Bu yüzden bu makalede mistik tecrübenin
mahiyeti, nesnelliği ve dışavurumu onların argümanlarıyla tartışılmıştır. Onların mistik
tecrübe anlayışlarının oldukça farklı olduğu görülmüştür; dolayısıyla nesnellik problemine
yönelik çıkarımları da. Onlar sadece dışa vurum konusunda ortak bir düşünceye sahiptirler.
Stace mistik tecrübeyi kültürün ötesinde ve dinle ilişkisiz bir şekilde tanımlarken,
Katz’ın mistik tecrübesi din ve kültür aracılığıyla aşırı belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgu makale boyunca
diğer felsefi problemleri çözmek için kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak mistik tecrübede
farklılıklardan ziyade yapısal, yöntemsel ve linguistik benzerlikler olduğuna ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • • Adam, Martin A.: “A Post-Kantian Perspective on Recent Debates About Mystical Experience”, A Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 70, No: 4, 2002, pp. 801-817.
  • • Akdemir Süleyman, Betül: “Walter T. Stace’in Mistik Tecrübeye İlişkin Düşüncelerinin Bir Değerlendirmesi”, İslam Araştırmaları Dergisi, No: 37, 2017, pp. 119-148.
  • • Almond, Philip C.: “Mysticism and Its Contexts”, The Problem of Pure Consciousness; Mysticism and Philosophy, Ed. Jensine Andresen and Robert K. C. Forman, Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, 1990, pp. 211-219.
  • • Barnard, G. William: “Explaining the Unexplainable: Wayne Proudfoot’s “Religious Experience””, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 60, No: 2, 1992, pp. 231-256.
  • • Barnes, L. Philip: “Walter Stace’s Philosophy of Mysticism”, Hermathena, No: 153, 1992, pp. 5-20.
  • • Fanaei, Mohammad: Walter Stace’s Philosophy of Mysticism: A Critical Analysis, Faculty of Religious Studies McGill University, 2000.
  • • Forman, Robert K. C.: “Introduction: Mysticism, Constructivism, and Forgetting”, The Problem of Pure Consciousness; Mysticism and Philosophy, Ed. Jensine Andresen and Robert K. C. Forman, New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1990, pp. 3-52.
  • • Gimello, Robert M.: “Mysticism in Its Contexts”, Mysticism and Religious Tradition, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. 61-88. • James, William: The Varieties of Religious Experience; A Study in Human Nature, London, Collins, 1971.
  • • Jones, Richard H.: Mysticism Examined: Philosophical Inquiries into Mysticism, Albany, State University of New York Press, 1993. • Katz, Steven T.: “Language, Epistemology and Mysticism”, Mysticism and Philosophical Analysis, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1978, pp. 22-74.
  • • Katz, Steven T.: “Mystical Speech and Mystical Meaning”, Mysticism and Language, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1992, pp. 3-41.
  • • Katz, Steven T.: “The ‘Conservative’ Character of Mystical Experience”, Mysticism and Religious Tradition, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. 3-60.
  • • Katz, Steven T.: “Responses and Rejoinders”, American Academy of Religion, Vol. 56, No: 4, 1988, pp. 751-761.
  • • Kazemi, Reza Shah: Paths to Transcendence: According to Shankara, Ibn Arabi, and Meister Eckhart, Indiana, World Wisdom, Bloomington, 2006.
  • • Masson, J. Moussaieff, Masson T. C.: “The Study Of Mysticism: A Criticism of W. T. Stace”, Journal of lndian Philosophy, Vol. 4, 1976, pp. 109-125.
  • • Otto, Rudolf: Mysticism: East and West: A Comparative Analysis of The Nature of Mysticism, Trans. Bertha L. Bracey and Richenda C. Payne, New York, the Macmillan Company, 1932.
  • • Overall, Christine: “Mysticism, Phenomenalism, and W. T. Stace”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 18, 2, 1982, pp. 177–190.
  • • Proudfoot, Wayne: Religious Experience, London, University of California Press, 1985.
  • • Rothberg, Donald: “Contemporary Epistemology and the Study of Mysticism”, The Problem of Pure Consciousness; Mysticism and Philosophy, Ed. Jensine Andresen and Robert K. C. Forman, New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1990, pp. 163-210.
  • • Short, Larry: “Mysticism, Mediation, and the Non-Linguistic”, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 63, No: 4, 1995, pp. 659-675.
  • • Smart, Ninian: “The Purification of Consciousness”, Mysticism and Religious Tradition, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. 117-129.
  • • Stace, Walter T.: Mysticism and Philosophy, Los Angeles, Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc., 1987.
  • • Stace, Walter T.: The Teachings of the Mystics, New York, The New American Library, 1960.
  • • Stace, Walter T.: Zeit und Ewigkeit: Ein Religionsphilosophischer Essay, Frankfurt am Main, Lembeck, 1997.
  • • Studstill, Randall: The Unity of Mystical Traditions: The Transformation of Consciousness in Tibetan and German Mysticism, Boston, Brill Leiden, 2005.
  • • Swinburne, Richard: The Existence of God, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1991.
  • • Tüzer, Abdüllatif: Dini Tecrübe ve Mistisizm: Felsefi Bir Yaklaşım, İstanbul, Dergah Publications, 2006.
  • • Underhill, Evelyn: Mysticism: The Nature and Development of Spiritual Consciousness, Oxford, Oneworld, 2002.
  • • Wainwright, Wm. J., “Stace and Mysticism”, The Journal of Religion, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 139-154.
  • • Yüce, Fatma: Dini ve Mistik Tecrübede Evrensel Öz, Elis Publications, Ankara 2016.
  • • Yüce, Fatma: “Walter Terence Stace’in Felsefi Mistisizminin Tazammunları”, Doğudan Batıya Düşüncenin Serüveni, 2. Press, 2017, pp. 429-456.

THE NATURE, OBJECTIVITY AND EXPRESSION OF MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE: With a Special Reference to Walter T. Stace and Steven T. Katz

Year 2018, Issue: 68, 110 - 134, 15.12.2018

Abstract

Both Walter T. Stace and Steven T. Katz play an important role as regards the mystical
experience with their opposite arguments concerning the ‘universal core’. Therefore in
this article the nature, objectivity and expression of mystical experience is discussed through
their arguments. It is seen that their understanding of mystical experience is quite
different; so is their inference for the problem of objectivity. They only have a common
consideration as to the issue of expression. Stace defines mystical experience beyond culture
and irrelevant to religion, whereas Katz’s mystical experience is over-determined by
religion and culture. This finding is also used to solve the other philosophical problems
throughout the article. Consequently it is deduced that there are structural, procedural
and linguistic similarities rather than differences in the mystical experiences.

References

  • • Adam, Martin A.: “A Post-Kantian Perspective on Recent Debates About Mystical Experience”, A Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 70, No: 4, 2002, pp. 801-817.
  • • Akdemir Süleyman, Betül: “Walter T. Stace’in Mistik Tecrübeye İlişkin Düşüncelerinin Bir Değerlendirmesi”, İslam Araştırmaları Dergisi, No: 37, 2017, pp. 119-148.
  • • Almond, Philip C.: “Mysticism and Its Contexts”, The Problem of Pure Consciousness; Mysticism and Philosophy, Ed. Jensine Andresen and Robert K. C. Forman, Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, 1990, pp. 211-219.
  • • Barnard, G. William: “Explaining the Unexplainable: Wayne Proudfoot’s “Religious Experience””, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 60, No: 2, 1992, pp. 231-256.
  • • Barnes, L. Philip: “Walter Stace’s Philosophy of Mysticism”, Hermathena, No: 153, 1992, pp. 5-20.
  • • Fanaei, Mohammad: Walter Stace’s Philosophy of Mysticism: A Critical Analysis, Faculty of Religious Studies McGill University, 2000.
  • • Forman, Robert K. C.: “Introduction: Mysticism, Constructivism, and Forgetting”, The Problem of Pure Consciousness; Mysticism and Philosophy, Ed. Jensine Andresen and Robert K. C. Forman, New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1990, pp. 3-52.
  • • Gimello, Robert M.: “Mysticism in Its Contexts”, Mysticism and Religious Tradition, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. 61-88. • James, William: The Varieties of Religious Experience; A Study in Human Nature, London, Collins, 1971.
  • • Jones, Richard H.: Mysticism Examined: Philosophical Inquiries into Mysticism, Albany, State University of New York Press, 1993. • Katz, Steven T.: “Language, Epistemology and Mysticism”, Mysticism and Philosophical Analysis, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1978, pp. 22-74.
  • • Katz, Steven T.: “Mystical Speech and Mystical Meaning”, Mysticism and Language, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1992, pp. 3-41.
  • • Katz, Steven T.: “The ‘Conservative’ Character of Mystical Experience”, Mysticism and Religious Tradition, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. 3-60.
  • • Katz, Steven T.: “Responses and Rejoinders”, American Academy of Religion, Vol. 56, No: 4, 1988, pp. 751-761.
  • • Kazemi, Reza Shah: Paths to Transcendence: According to Shankara, Ibn Arabi, and Meister Eckhart, Indiana, World Wisdom, Bloomington, 2006.
  • • Masson, J. Moussaieff, Masson T. C.: “The Study Of Mysticism: A Criticism of W. T. Stace”, Journal of lndian Philosophy, Vol. 4, 1976, pp. 109-125.
  • • Otto, Rudolf: Mysticism: East and West: A Comparative Analysis of The Nature of Mysticism, Trans. Bertha L. Bracey and Richenda C. Payne, New York, the Macmillan Company, 1932.
  • • Overall, Christine: “Mysticism, Phenomenalism, and W. T. Stace”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 18, 2, 1982, pp. 177–190.
  • • Proudfoot, Wayne: Religious Experience, London, University of California Press, 1985.
  • • Rothberg, Donald: “Contemporary Epistemology and the Study of Mysticism”, The Problem of Pure Consciousness; Mysticism and Philosophy, Ed. Jensine Andresen and Robert K. C. Forman, New York, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1990, pp. 163-210.
  • • Short, Larry: “Mysticism, Mediation, and the Non-Linguistic”, Journal of the American Academy of Religion, Vol. 63, No: 4, 1995, pp. 659-675.
  • • Smart, Ninian: “The Purification of Consciousness”, Mysticism and Religious Tradition, Ed. Steven T. Katz, New York, Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. 117-129.
  • • Stace, Walter T.: Mysticism and Philosophy, Los Angeles, Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc., 1987.
  • • Stace, Walter T.: The Teachings of the Mystics, New York, The New American Library, 1960.
  • • Stace, Walter T.: Zeit und Ewigkeit: Ein Religionsphilosophischer Essay, Frankfurt am Main, Lembeck, 1997.
  • • Studstill, Randall: The Unity of Mystical Traditions: The Transformation of Consciousness in Tibetan and German Mysticism, Boston, Brill Leiden, 2005.
  • • Swinburne, Richard: The Existence of God, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1991.
  • • Tüzer, Abdüllatif: Dini Tecrübe ve Mistisizm: Felsefi Bir Yaklaşım, İstanbul, Dergah Publications, 2006.
  • • Underhill, Evelyn: Mysticism: The Nature and Development of Spiritual Consciousness, Oxford, Oneworld, 2002.
  • • Wainwright, Wm. J., “Stace and Mysticism”, The Journal of Religion, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 139-154.
  • • Yüce, Fatma: Dini ve Mistik Tecrübede Evrensel Öz, Elis Publications, Ankara 2016.
  • • Yüce, Fatma: “Walter Terence Stace’in Felsefi Mistisizminin Tazammunları”, Doğudan Batıya Düşüncenin Serüveni, 2. Press, 2017, pp. 429-456.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Fatma Yüce This is me

Publication Date December 15, 2018
Submission Date July 28, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 68

Cite

APA Yüce, F. (2018). THE NATURE, OBJECTIVITY AND EXPRESSION OF MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE: With a Special Reference to Walter T. Stace and Steven T. Katz. Felsefe Dünyası(68), 110-134.