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Kant'ın Adalet Kavramı Üzerine

Year 2022, Volume: 1 Issue: 75, 157 - 173, 15.07.2022

Abstract

Bu makalede Kant’ın adalet nosyonunu farklı yönleriyle ele alarak detaylı bir analizini sunuyorum. Öncelikle Kant’ın ahlak yasası kavramının ve onun ahlaki akıl yürütmenin sentetik a priori temeli olan kategorik buyruk formunun, ahlak özneleri üzerinde nasıl bir birlerinin özgürlüklerine tecavüze etmelerini engelleyen kısıtlayıcı bir koşul olarak işlev gördüğünü inceliyorum. Bu bağlamda Kant’ın kategorik buyruğunun farklı formülasyonlarını ele alarak evrensel yasa formülünü diğerlerinden öne çıkarıyorum. İkinci olarak Kant’a göre adalet ve erdemin bir paranın iki farklı yüzü olduğunu, ve adaletin prensiplerinin tüm ahlaki ilişkilerin (yalnızca dışsal hakların değil) zeminini oluşturduğunu savunuyorum. Son olarak, ahlaki akıl yürütmenin amaçlılığının bir adalet sisteminin gerçekleştirilmesini gerekli kıldığını, ve bu sebeple Kant’ın sivil toplum ve küresel adaleti gerçekleştirmeye yönelik gayret etmeyi hepimiz üzerine düşen ahlaki bir ödev olarak ele aldığını ifade ediyorum.

Thanks

Bu çalışma Boğaziçi Üniversitesi doktora tezinden üretilmiştir. Kıymetli yorumlarıyla çalışmama çok katkı sağlayan danışmanım Prof.Kenneth Westhpal'a çok teşekkür ederim.

References

  • Baxley, A. M. (2010). Kant’s Theory of Virtue. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2012). Is Kant a Moral Realist?”. Kant Yearbook, 4, 1-23, De Gruyter.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2016). Kant’s Solution to the Euthyphro Dilemma. Philosophia, 44 (4), 1209-1228.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2017a). Naturalism and Realism in Kant’s Ethics. Kantian Review, 22 (3), 463-474.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2017b). Kant on the Justification of Moral Principles. Kant-Studien, 108 (1), 55-88.
  • Formosa, P. (2010). Is Kant a Moral Constructivist or a Moral Realist?. European Journal of Philosophy, 21(2) 170-196.
  • Holzhey, H. & Murdoch, V. (2005). Historical Dictionary of Kant and Kantianism. Maryland: Scarecrow Press.
  • Kain, P. (2006). Realism and anti-Realism in Kant’s Second Critique. Philosophy Compass 1(5), 449-465.
  • Kant, I. (1996). Practical Philosophy. (M.J. Gregor Trans.) New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kant, I. (1998). Critique of Pure Reason. (P. Guyer & A.W. Wood Trans.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kant, I. (2001). Religion and Rational Theology. (A.W.Wood & G.di Givovanni Trans.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kant, I. (2002). Critique of the Power of Judgment. (P. Guyer Ed. P. Guyer& E. Matthews Trans.), New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Louden, R. B. (2000). Kant's Impure Ethics: From Rational Beings to Human Beings. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Nuyen, A.T. (1993). Counting the Formulas of the Categorical Imperative: One Plus Three Makes Four. History of Philosophy Quarterly, 10(1), 37-48.
  • O’Neill, O. (1989). Constructions of Reason: Explorations of Kant's Practical Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • O’Neill, O. (2002). Autonomy and the Fact of Reason in the Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. In O. Höffe (Ed.), Kritik der praktischen Vernunft (81-97) Berlin: Akademie Verlag.
  • O’Neill, O. (2004). Kant: Rationality as Practical Reason. In A.Meele R. & P. Rawling (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Rationality (pp. 93- 109). Oxford University Press.
  • Paton, H.J. (1946). The Categorical Imperative: A Study in Kant’s Moral Philosophy. London: Hutchinson’s University Library.
  • Westphal, K. R. (2010). Practical reason: Categorical imperative, maxims, laws. In W. Dudley & K. Engelhard (Eds.), Kant: Key concepts (pp. 103-119). London: Acumen.
  • Westphal, K.R. (2016a). Kant, Aristotle and Our Fidelity to Reason. Studi Kantiani, XXIX, 109-128.
  • Westphal, K.R. (2016). How Hume and Kant Reconstruct Natural Law: Justifying Strict Objectivity without Debating Moral Realism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

KANT ON JUSTICE

Year 2022, Volume: 1 Issue: 75, 157 - 173, 15.07.2022

Abstract

In this paper I give a detailed account of Kant’s notion of justice in various respects. First, I discuss how Kant’s conception of the moral law – its form as a categorical imperative, as the synthetic a priori basis of moral reasoning, operates initially as a limiting condition for the moral agent not to violate freedom and rights of one another. In this connection I analyze Kant’s various formulations of categorical imperative and prioritize formula of universal law over its other formulations. Second, I argue that according to Kant justice and virtue make two sides of the same coin and principles of justice is the basis of all moral affairs (embracing not only external rights). Finally, I state that because moral purposiveness of reason demands realization of a system of justice, Kant sets constituting a civil condition and global justice as a duty towards which we all required to work as a moral duty.

References

  • Baxley, A. M. (2010). Kant’s Theory of Virtue. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2012). Is Kant a Moral Realist?”. Kant Yearbook, 4, 1-23, De Gruyter.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2016). Kant’s Solution to the Euthyphro Dilemma. Philosophia, 44 (4), 1209-1228.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2017a). Naturalism and Realism in Kant’s Ethics. Kantian Review, 22 (3), 463-474.
  • Bojanowski, J. (2017b). Kant on the Justification of Moral Principles. Kant-Studien, 108 (1), 55-88.
  • Formosa, P. (2010). Is Kant a Moral Constructivist or a Moral Realist?. European Journal of Philosophy, 21(2) 170-196.
  • Holzhey, H. & Murdoch, V. (2005). Historical Dictionary of Kant and Kantianism. Maryland: Scarecrow Press.
  • Kain, P. (2006). Realism and anti-Realism in Kant’s Second Critique. Philosophy Compass 1(5), 449-465.
  • Kant, I. (1996). Practical Philosophy. (M.J. Gregor Trans.) New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kant, I. (1998). Critique of Pure Reason. (P. Guyer & A.W. Wood Trans.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kant, I. (2001). Religion and Rational Theology. (A.W.Wood & G.di Givovanni Trans.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kant, I. (2002). Critique of the Power of Judgment. (P. Guyer Ed. P. Guyer& E. Matthews Trans.), New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Louden, R. B. (2000). Kant's Impure Ethics: From Rational Beings to Human Beings. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Nuyen, A.T. (1993). Counting the Formulas of the Categorical Imperative: One Plus Three Makes Four. History of Philosophy Quarterly, 10(1), 37-48.
  • O’Neill, O. (1989). Constructions of Reason: Explorations of Kant's Practical Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • O’Neill, O. (2002). Autonomy and the Fact of Reason in the Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. In O. Höffe (Ed.), Kritik der praktischen Vernunft (81-97) Berlin: Akademie Verlag.
  • O’Neill, O. (2004). Kant: Rationality as Practical Reason. In A.Meele R. & P. Rawling (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Rationality (pp. 93- 109). Oxford University Press.
  • Paton, H.J. (1946). The Categorical Imperative: A Study in Kant’s Moral Philosophy. London: Hutchinson’s University Library.
  • Westphal, K. R. (2010). Practical reason: Categorical imperative, maxims, laws. In W. Dudley & K. Engelhard (Eds.), Kant: Key concepts (pp. 103-119). London: Acumen.
  • Westphal, K.R. (2016a). Kant, Aristotle and Our Fidelity to Reason. Studi Kantiani, XXIX, 109-128.
  • Westphal, K.R. (2016). How Hume and Kant Reconstruct Natural Law: Justifying Strict Objectivity without Debating Moral Realism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Seniye Tilev 0000-0003-3707-943X

Publication Date July 15, 2022
Submission Date August 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 1 Issue: 75

Cite

APA Tilev, S. (2022). KANT ON JUSTICE. Felsefe Dünyası, 1(75), 157-173.