Avrupa Birliğinde Marjinal Endüstri İçi Ticaret ve İş Gücü Uyum Maliyeti

Abstract

Endüstri içi ticaret uluslararası ticarette giderek artan önemi ve iş gücü uyum maliyetini etkilemesi açısından literatürde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada endüstri içi ticaret ile iş gücü uyum maliyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi endüstri içi ticaretin farklı ölçüm metotlarıyla ele alarak inceliyoruz. Marjinal Endüstri İçi Ticaretin farklı ölçümleri olan A, MD1 ve MD2 indekslerini karşılaştırıyoruz. Çalışmada 15 Avrupa Birliği ülkesinin 127 üretim alt sektörleri 1990 ile 2017 yılları arasında ele alınmıştır. Dinamik panel veri modelinin Sistem Genelleştirilmiş Momentler Metodu ’una (GMM) göre MD2 indeksi düşük uyum maliyetini MD1 indeksinden daha iyi açıklamaktadır. MD1 indeksi Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinde üretim sanayinde sektörel iş gücü, verimlilik, tüketim ve piyasaya açıklık açısından güçlü ilişki göstermekte. Üç gösterge indeksi de literatüre uyumlu olarak Marjinal Endüstri İçi Ticaret ve iş gücü uyum maliyeti arasında negatif ilişki göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Endüstri İçi Ticaret
• Uluslararası Ticaret
• İşi Gücü Uyum Maliyeti
• Dinamik Panel Data

Marginal Intra-Industry Trade and Labor Adjustment Cost in EU

Abstract

Intra- Industry Trade is a crucial issue from the point of view of increased importance in international trade and its' labor adjustment cost influence in the literature. This research analyzes the relationship between MIIT and labor adjustment cost by comparing the different measures of marginal intra-industry trade. We compare the A, MD1, and MD2 indexes, which are different measures of MIIT. 127 manufacturing subsectors are used in 15 European Union countries in the period between 1990- 2017. The result of dynamic panel data of system GMM shows that the MD2 measurement method explains the low adjustment cost better than MD1. It significantly correlates with a few of the variables concerning trade. MD1j has a strong relationship with sectoral employment, consumption, productivity, and openness in the manufacturing industry in the European Union. Three measures of MIIT present a negative link between MIIT and adjustment cost, which is suitable with the literature.

Keywords

• Intra- Industry Trade
• International Trade
• Labor Adjustment Cost
• Dynamic Panel Data

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