Strategic Management and Strategic Leadership in Public Organizations

Abstract

Onlarca yıldır stratejik yönetim ve stratejik liderlik sadece özel sektöre odaklanmıştır. Kamu kuruluşlarını yönetimi çok fazla eleştiriler almakta ve hatta kamu kuruluşlarının yönetiminin zayıf olduğuna dair yaygın bir inanç bulunmaktadır. Son dönemdeki değişiklikler özel sektörü etkilediği kadar kamu kuruluşlarını da etkilemektedir. Toplumsal sorunların artan karmaşıklığı ve vatandaşların yönetime artan talepleri nedeniyle, stratejik yönetim, kamu yöneticisinin değer yaratması ve örgütü şekillendirmesi için gerekli bir araç haline gelmiştir. Öte yandan, sosyal değişimin hızlanması da kamu yönetimi için daha fazla zorluk yaratmaktadır. Kamu ve özel kuruluşlar farklı nedenlerle oluşmuştur ve bu nedenle her kuruluşa aynı stratejileri uygulamak uygun olmamaktadır. Kamu kuruluşlarının amacı vatandaşlarına hizmet etmek ve özel kuruluşların amacı ise kar sağlamaktır. Bu nedenle bu makale, kamu kuruluşlarının stratejik yönetim ve stratejik liderliğin uygulanmasında ileri düzeyde olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Stratejik Yonetim
• Stratejik Liderlik
• Kamu Kuruluslari

Kamu Kuruluşlarında Stratejik Yönetim ve Stratejik Liderlik

Abstract

For decades strategic management and strategic leadership focused on the private sector only. Managing public organizations received critics from many, and there is a common belief that public organizations' management is poor. Recent changes are affecting the private sector and public organizations as well. Due to the growing complexity of social problems and increasing demands of citizens to administration, strategic management has become a needed tool for the public manager to create value and to shape the organization. On the other hand, the acceleration of social change creates more challenges for public administration. Public and private organizations exist for different reasons, so applying the same strategies to each organization would not be wise. The purpose of public organizations is to serve its citizens, and the existence of private organizations is profit-making. Therefore this paper aims to explore if public organizations are advanced in the implication of strategic management and strategic leadership.

Keywords

• strategic Management
• Strategic Leadership
• Public Organizations

References

1. ADAIR, J. (2005), Developing tomorrow’s leaders, CBI Guide to Leadership, retrieved from, http://www.johnadair.co.uk/articles/Developingtomorrowsleaders.pdf
2. BRYSON, J., George, B. (2020). Strategic Management in Public Administration. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics, 187–191. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1396
3. BOURGON, J., (2009), Understanding the public leadership environment: preparing people to serve people in the 21st Century, CAPAM, Featured Report, p. 12-17
4. CAPAM Featured Report, (2009), Building public service leadership capacity, Commonwealth Association for Public Administration & Management
5. CHEN, S.-S., (2006), Leadership Styles and Organization Structural Configurations, The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, Volume 2, Number 2, November 2006.
6. GECÍKOVÁ, I., & PAPCUNOVÁ, V. (2014). Using of Strategic Management Tools in Conditions of Local Self- government in Slovakia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 969–978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.943
7. GOULET, L. (1996) Perspectives in public management, strategic leadership for public service renewal, CCMD Publications on Public Management
8. HASSAN , (2009), The new storm, building leadership through the currency of character, CAPAM, Featured Report, p. 8-11 HÖGLUND, L. M. H., & SVÄRDSTEN, F. (2015). Strategic Management in Public Sector – Challenges in Theory and Practice. Nordic Academy of Management Conference, November.

9. HÖGLUND, L., HOLMGREN CAICEDO, M., MÅRTENSSON, M., & SVÄRDSTEN, F. (2018). Strategic Management in the Public Sector: How Tools Enable and Constrain Strategy Making. International Public Management Journal, 21(5), 822–849. https://doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2018.1427161
10. JOYCE, P., (2004) Public sector strategic management: The changes required, Strategic Change, 13: 107–110
11. JURISCH, Ikas, Wolf, & Krcmar. (2013). Key Differences of Private and Public Sector Business Process Change. E-Service Journal, 9(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.2979/eservicej.9.1.3
12. KERLINOVÁ, A., & TOMÁŠKOVÁ, E. (2014). Approach to Strategy at Public Administration Organizations in the Czech Republic. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 156 (April), 88–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.11.125
13. KOOIMAN, J., VLIET, J.v (200). Self-Governance As a Mode of Societal Governance. September 2000 Public Management 2(3):359-378. DOI: 10.1080/14719030000000022
14. LANE, J. E., & WALLIS, J. (2009). Strategic management and public leadership. Public Management Review, 11(1), 101–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719030802494047
15. LEMAY, L., (2009), The practice of collective and strategic leadership in the public sector, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Volume 14(1), article 2
16. MCBAIN, L., SMITH, J. (2010). Strategic Management in the Public Sector. E-Leader Singapore 2010, p. 1-11 MINTZBERG, H. (1989). Mintzberg on Management, The Free Press, New York.
17. MONTANARI, J. R., and BRACKER J. S., (1986), The strategic management process at the public planning unit level, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 7, 251-265
18. NAIDOO, G., (2010), Developing leadership and adopting an African leadership model for the improvement of public services in South Africa, CAPAM, Featured Report, p. 42-53
19. NUTT, P. C., and BACKOFF, W. R., (1993), Transforming public organizations with strategic management and strategic leadership, Journal of Management, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 299-347.
20. OECD (2001), Public Sector Leadership for the 21st Century, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264195035-en.
21. OCHRANA, F., & Potuček, M. (2010), Riziková budoucnost: Devět scénářů vývoje české společnosti a její neoweberovská kritika. Strategické řízení ve veřejné správě a přístupy k tvorbě politiky. 1. vyd. Praha: Matfyzpress, 2010, s. 97–102. ISBN 978-80-7378-130-9.
22. ÖNDER, M. (2018). An application of Strategic Management to the Public Sector: What accounts for Adoption of Reinventing Government Strategies Across the States of the United States. The proceedings of 6th international strategic management, pp. 1043-1412
23. PFIFFNER, J. P. (2004). Traditional Public Administration versus The New Public Management : Accountability versus Efficiency. 1–10.
24. ROSENBERG HANSEN, J., & FERLIE, E. (2016). Applying Strategic Management Theories in Public Sector Organizations: Developing a typology. Public Management Review, 18 (1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2014.957339
25. ROWE, W. (2001). Creating Wealth in Organizations: The Role of Strategic Leadership. The Academy of Management Executive (1993-2005), 15(1), 81-94. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4165712
26. SMINIA, H., NISTELROOIJ, A. V. (2006), Strategic management and organization development: planned change in a public sector organization, Journal of Change Management, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 99–113.
27. SHRIVASTAVA, P., and NACHMAN, A.S., (1989), Strategic leadership patterns, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 10, 51-66. SCHALL, E., (1997), Public-Sector succession: a strategic approach to sustaining innovation, Public Administration Review, Vol. 57, No. 1
28. STEURER, R. (2007). From government strategies to strategic public management: An exploratory outlook on the pursuit of cross-sectoral policy integration. European Environment, 17(3), 201–214. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.452
29. TANER, A. (2018). Türk Kamu Yönetiminde Kamusal Hesap Verebililiğin Aracı Olarak Stratejik Planlama. Muhasebe Bilim Dünyası Dergisi, October 2017. https://doi.org/10.31460/mbdd.347518
30. TAYLOR, E. (2009), State of public service leadership capacity: Issues and options to assure adequacy of leaders in the public service, today and tomorrow, CAPAM, Featured Report, p. 18-26
31. UĞURLUOĞLU, Ö., ÇELIK, Y., and PISAPIA, J., (2010), Strategic leader actions related to the effectiveness of hospital managers in Turkey, American Journal of Business Research, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 33-52.
32. WANASIKA, I., (2009), In search of global leadership, Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies, Vol.1
33. WILLIAMS, W., & LEWIS, D. (2008). Strategic management tools and public sector management: The challenge of context specificity. Public Management Review, 10(5), 653–671. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719030802264382