Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Tourism and Covid-19: A Bibliometric Analysis of International Literature

Year 2022, , 1067 - 1080, 21.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1090181

Abstract

The aim of this study is to present a holistic perspective on the subject by identifying the studies in the tourism literature on the Covid-19 pandemic, which affects the whole world and causes serious changes in every field. For this purpose, 273 articles on the concept of tourism and Covid-19 published in the Scopus database between 2019 and 2021 were analysed using the bibliometric analysis method. The findings of the study were evaluated through citation analysis, co-citation analysis, co-authorship analysis, bibliographic coupling analysis, and co-occurrence analysis. VOSviewer software was used in the analysis of the obtained data. According to the findings, it was determined that the USA and China were the countries that contributed the most to the literature. In addition, the bibliometric analysis results provide important information about the most cited studies and authors on the subject of Covid-19 in the tourism literature, the countries with which the authors have published the most, common citation analysis and the most used keywords. The present study enables the identification of major research themes in the Covid-19 tourism literature and contributes to the development of future research directions.

References

  • Bakar, N. A. & Rosbi, S. (2020). Effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to tourism industry. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 7(4), 189-193.
  • Bao, Y., Sun, Y., Meng, S., Shi, J. & Lu, L. (2020). 2019-nCoV epidemic: Address mental health care to empower society. Lancet, 22 (395), e37–e38.
  • Bartik, A., Bertrand , M., Cullen, Z., Glaeser, E., Luca, M. & Stanton, C. (2020). The Impact of Covid-19 on small business outcomes and expectations. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences, 117, 17656-17666.
  • Benckendorff, P. & Zehrer, A. (2013). A network analysis of tourism research. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 121-149.
  • Chai, K. H. & Xiao, X. (2012). Understanding design research: A bibliometric analysis of design studies (1996–2010). Design Studies, 33(1), 24-43.
  • Chen, C. (2017). Science mapping: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Data and Information Science, 2(2), 1-40.
  • Chorba, T. (2020). The concept of the crown and its potential role in the downfall of coronavirus. Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal, 26(9).
  • Cobo, M.J., López-Herrera, A.G., Herrera-Viedma, E. & Herrera, F. (2011). Science mapping software tools: Review, analysis, and cooperative study among tools. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 62(7), 1382-1402.
  • Çavuşgil Köse, B. (2020). Turizm ve covid-19: Bir bibliyometrik analiz yaklaşımı. Journal of Humanities And Tourism Research, 5, 99-111.
  • Dagnino, P., Anguita, V., Escobar, K. & Cifuentes, S. (2020). Psychological effects of social ısolation due to quarantine in Chile: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychiatry,11, 591142. Davies, K. (2020). Festivals post covid-19. Leisure Sciences, 1-6.
  • Desbiolles, H.F. (2020). Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after covid-19. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 610-623.
  • Egghe, L. & Rousseau, R. (2002). Co-citation, bibliographic coupling and a characterization of lattice citation networks. Scientometrics, 55, 349-361.
  • Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (covid-19) on the world economy. https://foroparalapazenelmediterraneo.es/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/SSRN-id3557504.pdf.pdf.
  • Gavinolla, M. R., Agita, L., Sampada Kumar, S. & Bukovska, G. (2021). Five decades of research on disease outbreaks, pandemics and tourism: A bibliometric analysis In S. Kumar Kulshreshtha. (Ed.), Virus outbreaks and tourism mobility: Strategies to counter global health hazards (pp. 43-57). Emeral Publishing.
  • Ghani, S.S. (2020). A comprehensive review of database resources in Chemistry. Eclética Química Journal, 45(3), 57–68.
  • Glänzel, W. (2014). Analysis of co-authorship patterns at the individual level. Transinformação, 26(3).
  • Gössling, S., Scott, D. & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of covıd-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1-20.
  • Grech, V., Grech, P. & Fabri, S. (2020). A risk balancing act–tourism competition using health leverage in the Covid-19 era. International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine, 31(3), 121-130.
  • Hall, M.C., Scott, D. & Gössling, S. (2020). Pandemics transformations and tourism: be careful what you wish for. Tourism Geograhhies, 22(3), 577-598.
  • Hu, B., Guo, H. Zhou, P. & Shi, Z.L (2021). Characteristics of sars-cov-2 and covıd-19. Nat Rev Microbiol, 19(3), 141-154.
  • ILO (2016). Sustainable tourism: a driving force of job creation, economic growth and development. https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_480824/lang--en/index.htm.
  • ILO (2020). The impact of covıd-19 on the tourism sector. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_dialogue/---sector/documents/briefingnote/wcms_741468.pdf.
  • IMF (2020). Polıcy responses to Covıd-19. https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19/Policy-Responses-to-COVID-19#T. (Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2021).
  • Ioannides, D. & Gyimothy, S. (2020). The Covid-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable global tourism path. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 624-632.
  • Jin, X.C., Qu, M. & Bao, J. (2019). Impact of crisis events on Chinese outbound tourist flow: A framework for post-events growth. Tourism Management, 74, 334-344.
  • Khan, K.I., Nasir, A. & Saleem, S. (2021). Bibliometric analysis of post Covid-19 management strategies and policies in hospitality and tourism. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 769760.
  • Lee, B. & Jeong, Y. I. (2008). Mapping Korea’s national R&D domain of robot technology by using the co-word analysis. Scientometrics, 77(1), 3-19.
  • Lee, C. C. & Chen, C. (2011). The reaction of elderly Asian tourists to avian influenza and Sars. Tourism Management, 32, 1421-1422.
  • Marr, B. (2020). Coronavirus: how artificial ıntelligence, data science and technology is used to fight the pandemic. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2020/03/13/coronavirus-how-artificial-intelligence-data-science-and-technology-is-used-to-fight-the-pandemic/?sh=6cd4af775f5f. (Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2021).
  • Menon, D., Gunasekar, S., Kumar Dixit, S., Das, P. & Mandal, S. (2021). Present and prospective research themes for tourism and hospitality education post-COVID19: A bibliometric analysis. ournal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100360.
  • Nazneen, S., Hong, X. & Ud Din, N. (2020). Covid-19 crises and tourist travel risk perceptions. 4 Mayıs. SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3592321. (Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2021).
  • OECD (2020). Tourism policy responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19). https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/tourism-policy-responses-to-the-coronavirus-covid-19-6466aa20/. (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2021).
  • Ornell, F., Schuch, J.B., Sordi, A.O. & Kessler, F.H.P. (2020). Pandemic fear and Covid-19: Mental health burden and strategies. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(3), 232-235.
  • Öz, G. & Yalçın, B. (2020). Turizm alanındaki dergilerde Covid-19 üzerine yapılan çalışmaların bibliyometrik analizi [Sözlü bildiri]. International West Asia Congress of Tourism Research (Iwact-2020) The Book of Proceedings, 229-247.
  • Qiu, R. T., Park, J., Li, S. & Song, H. (2020). Social costs of tourism during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Annals of Tourism Research, 84, 102994.
  • Raposo, V. L. (2021). Quarantines: Between precaution and necessity. A look at Covid-19. Publıc Health Ethıcs, 14(1), 35-46.
  • Singhal, T. A (2020). Review of coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19). The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 87(4), 281-286.
  • Smith, R.D (2006). Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons from sars on the role of risk perception, communication and management. Journal of Social Science and Medicine, 63, 3113-3123.
  • Strielkowski, W. (2020). Covid-19 recovery strategy for tourism industry. Centre for Tourism Studies. https://doi.org/10.13140 / RG.2.2.19039.8208.
  • UNWTO (2020a). World tourism barometer special focus on the impact of Covid-19. https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/epdf/10.18111/9789284421817. (Erişim Tarihi: 11.07.2021).
  • UNWTO (2020b). Tourism and covid-19–unprecedented economic impacts. https://www.unwto.org/tourism-and-covid-19-unprecedented-economic-impacts. (Erişim Tarihi: 14.07.2021).
  • Utkarsh & Sigala, M. (2021). A bibliometric review of research on COVID-19 and tourism: Reflections for moving forward. Tourism Management Perspectives, 40, 100912.
  • Van Damme, W., Dahake, R., Delamou, A….,& Assefa, Y. (2020). The Covid-19 pandemic: Diverse contexts; different epidemics-how and why? BMJ Glob Health, 5(7),e003098
  • Van Eck, N.J. & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: Vosviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84, 523-538.
  • WHO (2020). MERS-CoV- United Arab Emirates. https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2020-DON239. (Erişim Tarihi: 12.07.2021).
  • WHO (2021). Who coronavirus disease (covıd-19) dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/. (Erişim Tarihi: 11.07.2021).
  • WTTC (2020). More than 197m travel & tourism jobs will be lost due to prolonged travel restrictions, according to new research from wttc. https://wttc.org/News-Article/More-than-197m-Travel-Tourism-jobs-will-be-lost-due-to-prolonged-travel-restrictions. (Erişim Tarihi: 24.10.2021).
  • Yang, Y., Zhang, H. & Chen, X. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic and tourism: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modeling of infectious disease outbreak. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102913.
  • Zenker, S. & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic: A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism Management, 81, 104164.
  • Zhao, D. & Logan, E. (2002). Citation analysis using scientific publications on the web as data source: A case study in the xml research area. Scientometrics, 54(3), 449-472.
  • Zhou, P., Yang, X. L., Wang, X.G…,& Shi, Z.L. (2020). A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature, 579, 270-273.
  • Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B. ve diğerleri (2020). A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 727-733.
  • Zupic, I. & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472.

TURİZM VE COVİD-19: ULUSLARARASI ALANYAZIN ÜZERİNE BİBLİYOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ

Year 2022, , 1067 - 1080, 21.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1090181

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tüm dünyayı etkisine alan ve her alanda ciddi değişikliklere yol açan Covid-19 pandemisine yönelik uluslararası turizm literatüründe yapılan çalışmaları tespit ederek konuyla ilgili yapılmış çalışmalara yönelik bütüncül bir bakış açısı sunmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Scopus veri tabanında 2019-2021 yılları arasında yayımlanan turizm ve Covid-19 kavramına yönelik 273 makale bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, atıf analizi, ortak atıf analizi, ortak yazarlık analizi, bibliyografik eşleştirme analizi ve ortak varlık analizi aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, ABD ve Çin’in alan yazına en fazla katkısı olan ülkeler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında bibliyometrik analiz sonuçları turizm alan yazınında Covid-19 konusuna yönelik en çok atıf alan çalışma ve yazarlar, yazarların birlikte en fazla yayın yaptıkları ülkeler, ortak atıf analizi ve en fazla kullanılan anahtar kelimelere yönelik önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Mevcut çalışma Covid-19 turizm literatüründeki ana araştırma temalarının belirlenmesine olanak sunmakta ve gelecekteki araştırma yönelimlerinin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktadır.

References

  • Bakar, N. A. & Rosbi, S. (2020). Effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to tourism industry. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 7(4), 189-193.
  • Bao, Y., Sun, Y., Meng, S., Shi, J. & Lu, L. (2020). 2019-nCoV epidemic: Address mental health care to empower society. Lancet, 22 (395), e37–e38.
  • Bartik, A., Bertrand , M., Cullen, Z., Glaeser, E., Luca, M. & Stanton, C. (2020). The Impact of Covid-19 on small business outcomes and expectations. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences, 117, 17656-17666.
  • Benckendorff, P. & Zehrer, A. (2013). A network analysis of tourism research. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 121-149.
  • Chai, K. H. & Xiao, X. (2012). Understanding design research: A bibliometric analysis of design studies (1996–2010). Design Studies, 33(1), 24-43.
  • Chen, C. (2017). Science mapping: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Data and Information Science, 2(2), 1-40.
  • Chorba, T. (2020). The concept of the crown and its potential role in the downfall of coronavirus. Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal, 26(9).
  • Cobo, M.J., López-Herrera, A.G., Herrera-Viedma, E. & Herrera, F. (2011). Science mapping software tools: Review, analysis, and cooperative study among tools. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 62(7), 1382-1402.
  • Çavuşgil Köse, B. (2020). Turizm ve covid-19: Bir bibliyometrik analiz yaklaşımı. Journal of Humanities And Tourism Research, 5, 99-111.
  • Dagnino, P., Anguita, V., Escobar, K. & Cifuentes, S. (2020). Psychological effects of social ısolation due to quarantine in Chile: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychiatry,11, 591142. Davies, K. (2020). Festivals post covid-19. Leisure Sciences, 1-6.
  • Desbiolles, H.F. (2020). Socialising tourism for social and ecological justice after covid-19. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 610-623.
  • Egghe, L. & Rousseau, R. (2002). Co-citation, bibliographic coupling and a characterization of lattice citation networks. Scientometrics, 55, 349-361.
  • Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (covid-19) on the world economy. https://foroparalapazenelmediterraneo.es/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/SSRN-id3557504.pdf.pdf.
  • Gavinolla, M. R., Agita, L., Sampada Kumar, S. & Bukovska, G. (2021). Five decades of research on disease outbreaks, pandemics and tourism: A bibliometric analysis In S. Kumar Kulshreshtha. (Ed.), Virus outbreaks and tourism mobility: Strategies to counter global health hazards (pp. 43-57). Emeral Publishing.
  • Ghani, S.S. (2020). A comprehensive review of database resources in Chemistry. Eclética Química Journal, 45(3), 57–68.
  • Glänzel, W. (2014). Analysis of co-authorship patterns at the individual level. Transinformação, 26(3).
  • Gössling, S., Scott, D. & Hall, C. M. (2020). Pandemics, tourism and global change: A rapid assessment of covıd-19. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(1), 1-20.
  • Grech, V., Grech, P. & Fabri, S. (2020). A risk balancing act–tourism competition using health leverage in the Covid-19 era. International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine, 31(3), 121-130.
  • Hall, M.C., Scott, D. & Gössling, S. (2020). Pandemics transformations and tourism: be careful what you wish for. Tourism Geograhhies, 22(3), 577-598.
  • Hu, B., Guo, H. Zhou, P. & Shi, Z.L (2021). Characteristics of sars-cov-2 and covıd-19. Nat Rev Microbiol, 19(3), 141-154.
  • ILO (2016). Sustainable tourism: a driving force of job creation, economic growth and development. https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_480824/lang--en/index.htm.
  • ILO (2020). The impact of covıd-19 on the tourism sector. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_dialogue/---sector/documents/briefingnote/wcms_741468.pdf.
  • IMF (2020). Polıcy responses to Covıd-19. https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19/Policy-Responses-to-COVID-19#T. (Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2021).
  • Ioannides, D. & Gyimothy, S. (2020). The Covid-19 crisis as an opportunity for escaping the unsustainable global tourism path. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 624-632.
  • Jin, X.C., Qu, M. & Bao, J. (2019). Impact of crisis events on Chinese outbound tourist flow: A framework for post-events growth. Tourism Management, 74, 334-344.
  • Khan, K.I., Nasir, A. & Saleem, S. (2021). Bibliometric analysis of post Covid-19 management strategies and policies in hospitality and tourism. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 769760.
  • Lee, B. & Jeong, Y. I. (2008). Mapping Korea’s national R&D domain of robot technology by using the co-word analysis. Scientometrics, 77(1), 3-19.
  • Lee, C. C. & Chen, C. (2011). The reaction of elderly Asian tourists to avian influenza and Sars. Tourism Management, 32, 1421-1422.
  • Marr, B. (2020). Coronavirus: how artificial ıntelligence, data science and technology is used to fight the pandemic. https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2020/03/13/coronavirus-how-artificial-intelligence-data-science-and-technology-is-used-to-fight-the-pandemic/?sh=6cd4af775f5f. (Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2021).
  • Menon, D., Gunasekar, S., Kumar Dixit, S., Das, P. & Mandal, S. (2021). Present and prospective research themes for tourism and hospitality education post-COVID19: A bibliometric analysis. ournal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2021.100360.
  • Nazneen, S., Hong, X. & Ud Din, N. (2020). Covid-19 crises and tourist travel risk perceptions. 4 Mayıs. SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3592321. (Erişim Tarihi: 15.08.2021).
  • OECD (2020). Tourism policy responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19). https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/tourism-policy-responses-to-the-coronavirus-covid-19-6466aa20/. (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2021).
  • Ornell, F., Schuch, J.B., Sordi, A.O. & Kessler, F.H.P. (2020). Pandemic fear and Covid-19: Mental health burden and strategies. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(3), 232-235.
  • Öz, G. & Yalçın, B. (2020). Turizm alanındaki dergilerde Covid-19 üzerine yapılan çalışmaların bibliyometrik analizi [Sözlü bildiri]. International West Asia Congress of Tourism Research (Iwact-2020) The Book of Proceedings, 229-247.
  • Qiu, R. T., Park, J., Li, S. & Song, H. (2020). Social costs of tourism during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Annals of Tourism Research, 84, 102994.
  • Raposo, V. L. (2021). Quarantines: Between precaution and necessity. A look at Covid-19. Publıc Health Ethıcs, 14(1), 35-46.
  • Singhal, T. A (2020). Review of coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19). The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 87(4), 281-286.
  • Smith, R.D (2006). Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons from sars on the role of risk perception, communication and management. Journal of Social Science and Medicine, 63, 3113-3123.
  • Strielkowski, W. (2020). Covid-19 recovery strategy for tourism industry. Centre for Tourism Studies. https://doi.org/10.13140 / RG.2.2.19039.8208.
  • UNWTO (2020a). World tourism barometer special focus on the impact of Covid-19. https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/epdf/10.18111/9789284421817. (Erişim Tarihi: 11.07.2021).
  • UNWTO (2020b). Tourism and covid-19–unprecedented economic impacts. https://www.unwto.org/tourism-and-covid-19-unprecedented-economic-impacts. (Erişim Tarihi: 14.07.2021).
  • Utkarsh & Sigala, M. (2021). A bibliometric review of research on COVID-19 and tourism: Reflections for moving forward. Tourism Management Perspectives, 40, 100912.
  • Van Damme, W., Dahake, R., Delamou, A….,& Assefa, Y. (2020). The Covid-19 pandemic: Diverse contexts; different epidemics-how and why? BMJ Glob Health, 5(7),e003098
  • Van Eck, N.J. & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: Vosviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84, 523-538.
  • WHO (2020). MERS-CoV- United Arab Emirates. https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2020-DON239. (Erişim Tarihi: 12.07.2021).
  • WHO (2021). Who coronavirus disease (covıd-19) dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/. (Erişim Tarihi: 11.07.2021).
  • WTTC (2020). More than 197m travel & tourism jobs will be lost due to prolonged travel restrictions, according to new research from wttc. https://wttc.org/News-Article/More-than-197m-Travel-Tourism-jobs-will-be-lost-due-to-prolonged-travel-restrictions. (Erişim Tarihi: 24.10.2021).
  • Yang, Y., Zhang, H. & Chen, X. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic and tourism: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modeling of infectious disease outbreak. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102913.
  • Zenker, S. & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic: A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism Management, 81, 104164.
  • Zhao, D. & Logan, E. (2002). Citation analysis using scientific publications on the web as data source: A case study in the xml research area. Scientometrics, 54(3), 449-472.
  • Zhou, P., Yang, X. L., Wang, X.G…,& Shi, Z.L. (2020). A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature, 579, 270-273.
  • Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B. ve diğerleri (2020). A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine, 382, 727-733.
  • Zupic, I. & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Issue
Authors

Aslı Ersoy 0000-0003-4458-4135

Publication Date September 21, 2022
Submission Date March 19, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Ersoy, A. (2022). TURİZM VE COVİD-19: ULUSLARARASI ALANYAZIN ÜZERİNE BİBLİYOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ. Firat University Journal of Social Sciences, 32(3), 1067-1080. https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1090181