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THE SUBLIME AND GROTESQUE IN HOWARD BARKER’S SCENES FROM AN EXECUTION

Year 2022, Volume: 32 Issue: 2, 427 - 432, 24.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1056011

Abstract

In literature, it is not always easy to set clear boundaries to the denotations or connotations of certain concepts. In this direction, many genres and terms have been observed to undergo fundamental changes in terms of meaning and usage. Some concepts have even been associated with their seemingly opposites. The complex and ambiguous relationship between the concepts of the sublime and the grotesque is one of the most obvious examples of this inclination. Arguments on what the concept of sublimity means or should mean in literature have a long history. The common ground that almost all definitions meet is the potential of this concept to cause strong emotions such as pain and fear. Its difference from the concept of beauty has been explained by the fact of its being outside the realm of human senses. The concept of the grotesque, on the other hand, has often been used as an equivalent to the weird and ugly. However, the reason why so many Romantic poets point to Shakespeare as the beginning of the grotesque is the strange connection of this concept with compassion. In this context, these two concepts, which seem to be opposites at first glance, have had to intersect at some points. This study reveals how the difference between the sublime and the grotesque blurs in Howard Barker’s Scenes from an Execution and the author’s use of these concepts with similar connotations.

References

  • Abrams, M. H. & Harpham, G. G. (2013). A Glossary of Literary Terms (11th edition). USA: Cengage Learning.
  • Aldaoseri, M. S. I. (2021). Theatre and Censorship in Selected Plays by Howard Barker. (Unpublished master thesis). Karabük University, Karabük.
  • Barker, H. (1990). Scenes from an Execution. London: Oberon Books.
  • Barker, H. (2005). Death, the One and the Art of Theatre. London: Routledge.
  • Burke, E. (1990). A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (A. Philips, Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Drury, A. (2009). Asynthesis & Act: The Evental Sublime in Badiou, Byron, and Barker. (Unpublished master thesis). Oregon State University, Oregon.
  • Fischer-Lichte, E. (2002). History of European Drama and Theatre. (J. Riley, Trans.). New York: Routledge.
  • Jennings, L. B. (1963). The Ludicrous Demon: Aspects of the Grotesque in German Post-Romantic Prose. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Kant, I. (1951). The Critique of Judgment. (J. H. Bernard, Trans.). New York: Hafner Press.
  • Koçsoy, F. G. (2018). The Transgressive Sublime in Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Tell-Tale Heart” and “The Imp of The Perverse.” The Journal of International Social Research, 11(58), 142-147.
  • Lamb, C. (1997). Howard Barker’s Theatre of Seduction. London: Routledge.
  • Longinus. (1890). On the Sublime. (H. L. Havell, Trans.). London: Macmillan. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/17957/17957-h/17957-h.htm
  • Singh, M. R. (2019). Longinus and His ‘On the Sublime’: A Historical and Critical Overview. Literary Endeavour, 10(2), 315-324.
  • Sohi, B. G. (2001). The Sublime and the Grotesque in Romantic Drama. Language Forum, 27(1-2).
  • Steiner, G. (1980). The Death of Tragedy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Howard Barker’ın Bir İnfazın Portresi Adlı Eserinde Yücelik ve Grotesk

Year 2022, Volume: 32 Issue: 2, 427 - 432, 24.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1056011

Abstract

Edebiyatta, bazı kavramların düz veya yan anlamlarına net sınırlar çizmek her zaman kolay değildir. Bu doğrultuda, birçok tür ve terimin anlam ve kullanım açısından köklü değişimler yaşadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Hatta bazı kavramlar, görünüşte karşıtlarıyla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Yücelik ve grotesk kavramları arasındaki karmaşık ve muğlak ilişki, bu eğilimin en bariz örneklerinden biridir. Edebiyatta yücelik kavramının ne anlama geldiği veya ne anlama gelmesi gerektiği konusundaki görüşler uzun bir geçmişe dayanmaktadır. Hemen hemen tüm tanımların buluştuğu ortak nokta ise bu kavramın acı ve korku gibi güçlü duygulara neden olma potansiyelidir. Güzellik kavramından farkı, insan duyuları alanının ötesinde olmasıyla açıklanmıştır. Grotesk kavramı ise çoğu zaman tuhaf ve çirkinin eş anlamlısı olarak kullanılmıştır. Ancak pek çok Romantik şairin Shakespeare’i groteskin başlangıcı olarak göstermesinin nedeni, bu kavramın şefkatle olan tuhaf bağlantısıdır. Bu bağlamda ilk bakışta zıt gibi görünen bu iki kavram, bazı noktalarda kesişmek zorunda kalmıştır. Bu çalışma, Howard Barker’ın Bir İnfazın Portresi adlı eserindeki yücelik ile grotesk arasındaki farkın nasıl bulanıklaştığını ve yazarın bu kavramları benzer çağrışımlarla kullanmasını ortaya koymaktadır.

References

  • Abrams, M. H. & Harpham, G. G. (2013). A Glossary of Literary Terms (11th edition). USA: Cengage Learning.
  • Aldaoseri, M. S. I. (2021). Theatre and Censorship in Selected Plays by Howard Barker. (Unpublished master thesis). Karabük University, Karabük.
  • Barker, H. (1990). Scenes from an Execution. London: Oberon Books.
  • Barker, H. (2005). Death, the One and the Art of Theatre. London: Routledge.
  • Burke, E. (1990). A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful (A. Philips, Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Drury, A. (2009). Asynthesis & Act: The Evental Sublime in Badiou, Byron, and Barker. (Unpublished master thesis). Oregon State University, Oregon.
  • Fischer-Lichte, E. (2002). History of European Drama and Theatre. (J. Riley, Trans.). New York: Routledge.
  • Jennings, L. B. (1963). The Ludicrous Demon: Aspects of the Grotesque in German Post-Romantic Prose. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Kant, I. (1951). The Critique of Judgment. (J. H. Bernard, Trans.). New York: Hafner Press.
  • Koçsoy, F. G. (2018). The Transgressive Sublime in Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Tell-Tale Heart” and “The Imp of The Perverse.” The Journal of International Social Research, 11(58), 142-147.
  • Lamb, C. (1997). Howard Barker’s Theatre of Seduction. London: Routledge.
  • Longinus. (1890). On the Sublime. (H. L. Havell, Trans.). London: Macmillan. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/17957/17957-h/17957-h.htm
  • Singh, M. R. (2019). Longinus and His ‘On the Sublime’: A Historical and Critical Overview. Literary Endeavour, 10(2), 315-324.
  • Sohi, B. G. (2001). The Sublime and the Grotesque in Romantic Drama. Language Forum, 27(1-2).
  • Steiner, G. (1980). The Death of Tragedy. New York: Oxford University Press.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Issue
Authors

Fatih Öztürk 0000-0003-0116-4384

Publication Date May 24, 2022
Submission Date January 11, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 32 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Öztürk, F. (2022). THE SUBLIME AND GROTESQUE IN HOWARD BARKER’S SCENES FROM AN EXECUTION. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 32(2), 427-432. https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1056011