RICOEUR VE RANCIERE'İN TARİHYAZIMINDA TARİHSEL EYLEMSELLİK VE ANLATI

Abstract

Ricoeur ve Rancière’in tarihyazımsal metinlerinin eleştirel bir şekilde ve tarihsel eylemsellik ve anlatı kavramlarına vurgu yaparak birlikte okunması, tarihyazımının siyasal önemini göstermektedir. İki yazarın anlatısal eylemselliğin tarih içinde kimliklerin inşasındaki rolüne yaklaşımı, tarihe dair oryantasyonumuzu belirleyen iki öğeyi, parçalanmayı ve uyumu, görünür kılmaktadır. Tarihi bu şekilde bir problem olarak tasvir etmek ise, eylemselliği modern yaşamın bu hususta iki temel kutbu arasında nasıl konumlandırdığımızın önemini vurgulamaktadır: davranışı, kişisiz toplumsal kuvvetler olarak belirleyen istatistiksel düzenlilikler ve gelişimleri uyumlu bir yaşamı oluşturan ve birey için otonomiyi vurgulayan kişisel tasarılar. Modern yaşamın barındırdığı çatışmaları görünür kılmak adına, anlatıların ‘geriye dönük’ inşasına dikkatimizi vermemiz gerekir.

Keywords

• Anlatısal Eylemsellik
• Tarih Yazımı
• Ricoeur
• Ranciere
• Nominalizm
• Anlatı

HISTORICAL ACTION AND NARRATIVE IN THE CONTEXT OF HISTORIOGRAPHY IN RICOEUR AND RANCIERE

Abstract

The argument of this study is that a critical encounter between the ‘historiographical’ texts of Ricoeur and Rancière on the theme of historical action and narrative provides us with a fruitful approach to the political stakes of the act of writing history. More specifically, I claim that attention to how these two authors frame narrative agency in the construction of our identities in history reveals two points of salience that give orientation to our attitude toward history, namely, disruption and harmony. Framing history as a problem in this way makes visible the centrality of how to conceive agency within the two poles of modern existence: on the one hand, statistical regularities that govern behavior in the form of impersonal forces and, on the other, individual projects, the trajectories of which form a coherent life (and define autonomy for the subject). The merit of narrative history is to bridge these poles; but it thereby occludes the antagonisms characteristic of modernity. It is in order to make these visible that we need a disruptive attention to the way narratives are constructed retrospectively.

Keywords

• Narrative Agency
• Historiography
• Nominalism
• Ricoeur
• Ranciere

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