Research Article

WHAT DID THALES DO? THE BIRTH OF PHILOSOPHY, DEMONSTRATION AND PERSUASION

Number: 40 May 28, 2025
EN TR

WHAT DID THALES DO? THE BIRTH OF PHILOSOPHY, DEMONSTRATION AND PERSUASION

Abstract

Most of the books on the history of ancient philosophy regard Thales as the first philosopher based on Aristotle’s testimony. However, against this view, some argue that the idea that Thales is the first philosopher emerged with 18th-century historiography of philosophy, that the origins of philosophy actually go further back, and that Aristotle not only suggested that philosophy began within the Greek mythopoetic tradition but also acknowledged its non-Greek roots. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the image of Thales as the founder of philosophy can be found in early periods of the history of philosophy whilst taking into account the methodological problems that arise when investigating the origins of philosophy. To this aim, I will first review Aristotle’s reports on Thales, mythological cosmology and natural philosophy. Then, I will examine texts from ancient Greek philosophy, as well as from Christian and Islamic philosophical traditions, in which Thales is recognized as the first philosopher. Consequently, I will argue that the intellectual activity that began with Thales differs from previous modes of thought since the former is based on reasoning and aims at persuasion.

Keywords

Thanks

Bu makale daha önce Noksan Felsefe tarafından düzenlenen bir etkinlikte sunulmuştur. Katkıları için dinleyicilere teşekkür ederim.

References

  1. Platon: Theaitetos. Akar, Birdal, çeviren. İstanbul: Bilgesu Yayıncılık, 2017.
  2. Arslan, Ahmet. İlkçağ Felsefe Tarihi 1: Sokrates-Öncesi Yunan Felsefesi. İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları, 2023. Barnes, Jonathan. Early Greek Philosophy. London: Penguin, 1987.
  3. Brun, Jean. Les présocratiques. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1968.
  4. Cantor, Lea. “Thales – the ‘First Philosopher’? A Troubled Chapter in the Historiography of Philosophy,” British Journal for the History of Philosophy 30, no 5 (2022): 727–50. doi: 10.1080/09608788.2022.2029347.
  5. Cevizci, Ahmet. İlkçağ Felsefesi. 10. Baskı. İstanbul: Say Yayınları, 2016.
  6. Burnet, John. Early Greek Philosophy. 4. Baskı. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1930.
  7. Cornford, Francis M. From Religion to Philosophy. London: Edward Arnold, 1912.
  8. Cohen, S. Marc, Curd, Patricia ve Reeve, C. D. C. Readings in Ancient Greek Philosophy: From Thales to Aristotle. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 2011.

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Ancient Philosophy

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

May 28, 2025

Submission Date

February 8, 2025

Acceptance Date

April 21, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Number: 40

Chicago
Seferoğlu, Tonguç. 2025. “THALES NE YAPTI? FELSEFENİN DOĞUŞU, KANITLAMA VE İKNA”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, nos. 40: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1636029.

Starting from 2024, our journal will be published in 3 issues as two regular and one special issues. These issues will be published In May (regular issue), September (special issue) and December (regular issue).

Only articles within the scope of the file will be included in our special issue. 

Thank you for your attention.