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YENİ ONTOLOJİLER PERSPEKTİFİNDEN SİYASET FELSEFESİ: VARLIK, GÜÇ VE POLİTİK İLİŞKİLERİN YENİDEN DÜŞÜNÜLMESİ

Year 2025, Issue: 41, 325 - 348, 15.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1729871

Abstract

Yeni ontolojik yaklaşımlar, siyaset felsefesini varlık, güç ve politik ilişkiler bağlamında yeniden şekillendirmektedir. Nesne-yönelimli ontoloji, politik aktörlüğü yalnızca insanlarla sınırlamamakta, nesneler ve doğa ile olan etkileşimleri de dikkate alarak tanımlamaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, insanların dışındaki varlıkların da politik süreçlerde etkili olduğunu savunur. Spekülatif gerçekçilik ise, insan merkezli bakış açıları dışındaki bir siyaset anlayışını öne çıkararak, insan dışı varlıkların siyasal süreçlerdeki rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Yeni materyalizm ise, materyal dünyanın ve nesnelerin politik gücünü inceleyerek, iktidarın yalnızca insan ilişkilerinden değil, doğa ve nesnelerle olan etkileşimlerden de şekillendiğini ileri sürer. Bu doğrultuda, güç ve iktidarın ontolojik yeniden inşası, insan dışı varlıklarla ilişkili bir iktidar anlayışını gündeme getirmektedir. Politik ilişkilerdeki çok-katmanlı etkileşimler, insan merkezcilikten arınmış bir siyaset paradigması geliştirilmesine olanak sağlar. Böylece, karşılıklı etkileşimlere dayalı, kapsayıcı bir siyaset anlayışı önerilebilmektedir.

References

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  • Braidotti, Rosi. "Transposing Life." Thamyris/Intersecting: Place, Sex & Race 25.1. 2012.
  • Campbell, Norah, Stephen Dunne, and Paul Dylan-Ennis. "Graham Harman, immaterialism: Objects and social theory." Theory, Culture & Society 36.3. 2019. 121-137.
  • Castro, Edgardo. "Derecho y vida: un contrapunto entre Michel Foucault y Giorgio Agamben." Tópicos 41. 2021. 19-42.
  • Clarke, Bruce. "Rethinking Gaia: Stengers, Latour, Margulis." Theory, Culture & Society 34.4. 2017. 3-26.
  • Coombs, Nathan. "Speculative Justice: Quentin Meillassoux and Politics." Theory & Event 17.4 .2014..
  • Dannreuther, Roland. "Oil, materiality and International Relations." International Relations, 2024.
  • DeFazio, Kimberly. "Something Has Happened to Ontology: Contingency, Immanence and Conatus." Spinoza, New Materialism and the Contemporary. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2025. 47-97.
  • Diener, Samuel. "3 New Materialisms." The Year's Work in Critical and Cultural Theory 28.1.2020. 44-65.
  • Elder-Vass, Dave. "Social entities and the basis of their powers." Rethinking the individualism-holism debate: Essays in the philosophy of social science, 2014. 39-53.
  • Ercan, Damla. "Schmitt’in ‘Olağanüstü Hal’i ile Agamben’in ‘İstisna Hali’: Karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme." Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11.2. 2021. 1395-1415.
  • Genel, Katia, and Craig Carson. "The question of biopower: Foucault and Agamben." Rethinking Marxism. Routledge, 2023. 43-62.
  • Gratton, Peter. Speculative realism: Problems and prospects. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014.
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  • Güloğlu, Mehmet Fatih. "Ferraris’ ten Giddens’a: Yeni Gerçekçiliğin İnşacılığa Evrimi." Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 68.2021. 346-358.
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  • Jagodzinski, Jan. "Speculating on Speculative Fiction." JCT (Online) 40.1.,2025, 74-78.
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  • Jonathan. "Life/Force: Novelty and New Materialism in Jane Bennett's Vibrant Matter." SubStance 48.2 ,2019, 3-22.
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  • McGee, Kyle. Bruno Latour. The normativity of networks. Routledge, 2014.
  • Means, Alexander J. "Foucault, biopolitics, and the critique of state reason." Educational Philosophy and Theory 54.12. 2022. 1968-1969.
  • Meillassoux, Quentin. "Dialectique Spéculative ET Spéculation." Rivista di Estetica 86: Speculative Thinking 86. 2024. 65.
  • Morton, Timothy. Hyperobjects: Philosophy and Ecology after the End of the World. U of Minnesota Press, 2013.
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  • Peksoy, Emrah. "İnsan-sonrasından insan-dışına nesneler ve insanlar." RumeliDe Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 30. 2022. 1382-1395.
  • Pignarre, Philippe. Latour-Stengers: an entangled flight. John Wiley & Sons, 2023.
  • Portschy, Jürgen. "Biopolitics of time in Foucault and Agamben." Debating Biopolitics. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022. 86-108.
  • Priest, Graham, and Markus Gabriel. Everything and nothing. John Wiley & Sons, 2022.
  • Roffe, Jon. "Time and ground: A critique of Meillassoux's speculative realism." Angelaki 17.1. 2012. 57-67. Roslender, Robin. The Routledge companion to critical accounting. Routledge, 2017.
  • Sağır, Adem, and Pınar Memiş Sağır. "Avangard Bir Mabed Olarak Çamlıca Camisi’nin Aktör Ağ Teorisi Bağlamında Çerçevelemesi." OPUS International Journal of Society Researches 18.44, 2021. 8333-8361.
  • Young, Niki. "On correlationism and the philosophy of (human) access: Meillassoux and Harman." Open Philosophy 3.1. 2020. 42-52.
  • Zalloua, Zahi. "On Meillassoux's “Transparent Cage”: Speculative Realism and Its Discontents." symplokē 23.1-2. 2015. 393-409.
  • Zembylas, Michalinos, and Vivienne Bozalek. "A critical engagement with the social and political consequences of human rights: The contribution of the affective turn and posthumanism." Acta Academica 46.4, 2014. 29-47.

POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF NEW ONTOLOGIES: RETHINKING BEING, POWER, AND POLITICAL RELATIONS

Year 2025, Issue: 41, 325 - 348, 15.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1729871

Abstract

New ontological approaches are reshaping political philosophy within the context of being, power, and political relations. Object-oriented ontology does not limit political agency to humans alone, but also considers the interactions with objects and nature. This perspective argues that non-human entities also play a role in political processes. Speculative realism emphasizes a politics that goes beyond anthropocentric views, highlighting the involvement of non-human entities in political processes. New materialism examines the political power of the material world and objects, suggesting that power is not only shaped by human relationships but also by interactions with nature and objects. In this regard, the ontological reconstruction of power and authority brings forth a concept of power linked to non-human entities. The multilayered interactions in political relations provide an opportunity to develop a politics free from anthropocentrism. Thus, a politics based on reciprocal interactions, offering a more inclusive understanding, is proposed.

References

  • Atay Hakan. "Thoughtcraft: A Matter of Life and Death in Poe and Lovecraft." Posseible 12.1. 2023.88-99.
  • Braidotti, Rosi. "Transposing Life." Thamyris/Intersecting: Place, Sex & Race 25.1. 2012.
  • Campbell, Norah, Stephen Dunne, and Paul Dylan-Ennis. "Graham Harman, immaterialism: Objects and social theory." Theory, Culture & Society 36.3. 2019. 121-137.
  • Castro, Edgardo. "Derecho y vida: un contrapunto entre Michel Foucault y Giorgio Agamben." Tópicos 41. 2021. 19-42.
  • Clarke, Bruce. "Rethinking Gaia: Stengers, Latour, Margulis." Theory, Culture & Society 34.4. 2017. 3-26.
  • Coombs, Nathan. "Speculative Justice: Quentin Meillassoux and Politics." Theory & Event 17.4 .2014..
  • Dannreuther, Roland. "Oil, materiality and International Relations." International Relations, 2024.
  • DeFazio, Kimberly. "Something Has Happened to Ontology: Contingency, Immanence and Conatus." Spinoza, New Materialism and the Contemporary. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2025. 47-97.
  • Diener, Samuel. "3 New Materialisms." The Year's Work in Critical and Cultural Theory 28.1.2020. 44-65.
  • Elder-Vass, Dave. "Social entities and the basis of their powers." Rethinking the individualism-holism debate: Essays in the philosophy of social science, 2014. 39-53.
  • Ercan, Damla. "Schmitt’in ‘Olağanüstü Hal’i ile Agamben’in ‘İstisna Hali’: Karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme." Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 11.2. 2021. 1395-1415.
  • Genel, Katia, and Craig Carson. "The question of biopower: Foucault and Agamben." Rethinking Marxism. Routledge, 2023. 43-62.
  • Gratton, Peter. Speculative realism: Problems and prospects. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014.
  • Güler, Öner. "Yeni Ontolojik Arayışlar ve Nesne Yönelimli Ontoloji: Graham Harman'ın Perspektifi." Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy 15.1. 2025.
  • Güloğlu, Mehmet Fatih. "Ferraris’ ten Giddens’a: Yeni Gerçekçiliğin İnşacılığa Evrimi." Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 68.2021. 346-358.
  • Harman, Graham. "Concerning the COVID-19 Event." Philosophy Today 64.4, 2020. 845-849
  • Harman, Graham. Object-oriented ontology: A new theory of everything. Penguin UK, 2018.
  • Harman, Graham. Quentin Meillassoux: Philosophy in the making. Edinburgh University Press, 2015.
  • Haugaard, Mark. "Foucault and power: A critique and retheorization." Critical Review 34.3-4.2022. 341-371.
  • Jagodzinski, Jan. "Speculating on Speculative Fiction." JCT (Online) 40.1.,2025, 74-78.
  • Jensen, Casper Bruun, et al. "New ontologies? Reflections on some recent ‘turns’ in STS, anthropology and philosophy." Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale 25.4. 2017. 525-545.
  • Johns, Charlie. 15 Years of Speculative Realism: 2007–2022. John Hunt Publishing, 2024.
  • Jonathan. "Life/Force: Novelty and New Materialism in Jane Bennett's Vibrant Matter." SubStance 48.2 ,2019, 3-22.
  • Latour, Bruno. Riassemblare il sociale: Actor-Network theory. Mimesis, 2022.
  • Lehman, Robert S. "Toward a Speculative Realism." Theory & Event 11.1, 2008.
  • Matthewman, Steve. Technology and social theory. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2017.
  • McGee, Kyle. Bruno Latour. The normativity of networks. Routledge, 2014.
  • Means, Alexander J. "Foucault, biopolitics, and the critique of state reason." Educational Philosophy and Theory 54.12. 2022. 1968-1969.
  • Meillassoux, Quentin. "Dialectique Spéculative ET Spéculation." Rivista di Estetica 86: Speculative Thinking 86. 2024. 65.
  • Morton, Timothy. Hyperobjects: Philosophy and Ecology after the End of the World. U of Minnesota Press, 2013.
  • Olkowski, Dorothea. Postmodern philosophy and the scientific turn. Indiana University Press, 2012.
  • Parsa, Mehdi. "Speculative vs. Tranascendental: a Deleuzian Response to Meillassoux." LaDeleuziana–una rivista che desidera. Módena 11. 2020.
  • Peksoy, Emrah. "İnsan-sonrasından insan-dışına nesneler ve insanlar." RumeliDe Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 30. 2022. 1382-1395.
  • Pignarre, Philippe. Latour-Stengers: an entangled flight. John Wiley & Sons, 2023.
  • Portschy, Jürgen. "Biopolitics of time in Foucault and Agamben." Debating Biopolitics. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022. 86-108.
  • Priest, Graham, and Markus Gabriel. Everything and nothing. John Wiley & Sons, 2022.
  • Roffe, Jon. "Time and ground: A critique of Meillassoux's speculative realism." Angelaki 17.1. 2012. 57-67. Roslender, Robin. The Routledge companion to critical accounting. Routledge, 2017.
  • Sağır, Adem, and Pınar Memiş Sağır. "Avangard Bir Mabed Olarak Çamlıca Camisi’nin Aktör Ağ Teorisi Bağlamında Çerçevelemesi." OPUS International Journal of Society Researches 18.44, 2021. 8333-8361.
  • Young, Niki. "On correlationism and the philosophy of (human) access: Meillassoux and Harman." Open Philosophy 3.1. 2020. 42-52.
  • Zalloua, Zahi. "On Meillassoux's “Transparent Cage”: Speculative Realism and Its Discontents." symplokē 23.1-2. 2015. 393-409.
  • Zembylas, Michalinos, and Vivienne Bozalek. "A critical engagement with the social and political consequences of human rights: The contribution of the affective turn and posthumanism." Acta Academica 46.4, 2014. 29-47.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects 21st Century Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Soner Akın 0000-0002-2403-8041

Submission Date June 29, 2025
Acceptance Date August 26, 2025
Publication Date September 15, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: 41

Cite

Chicago Akın, Soner. “YENİ ONTOLOJİLER PERSPEKTİFİNDEN SİYASET FELSEFESİ: VARLIK, GÜÇ VE POLİTİK İLİŞKİLERİN YENİDEN DÜŞÜNÜLMESİ”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 41 (September 2025): 325-48. https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1729871.

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