GENÇ MARX, YABANCILAŞMA VE KOMÜNİZM, VE ARİSTOTELES ÜZERİNE BİR NOT

Year 2013, Issue: 16, 95 - 120, 01.12.2013

Musa Duman

https://izlik.org/JA64RZ29MK

Abstract

Bu makalede genç Marx’ın insan, yabancılaşma ve komünizm üzerine tezlerini eleştirel bir şekilde ele alıyorum. Marx’ın düşüncesinin Hegel felsefesinde zirveye varan modern özne metafiziği geleneğine çok iyi oturduğunu savunuyorum. Marx’ın insanın özünü emek ve üretim çerçevesinde yorumlama girişimi doğrudan bu özne metafiziğinin bağlamına aittir. Ayrıca bu insan anlayışının toplumsal-politik imalarını da tartışıyorum. Sonrasında bir mukayese fırsatı olarak Aristoteles’in siyaset düşüncesine, polis hakkındaki fikirlerine yöneliyorum. Her iki düşünür de insanın asli toplumsal/komünal doğasını kabul etmekte, ancak bunu oldukça farklı biçimlerde yorumlamaktadırlar

Keywords

Marx , Aristoteles , yabancılaşma , komünizm , emek , üretim , insanın özü , polis , özne metafiziği , theoria

YOUNG MARX, ALIENATION AND COMMUNISM, AND A NOTE ON ARISTOTLE

https://izlik.org/JA64RZ29MK

Abstract

In this article, I explore young Marx’s theses on man, alienation and communism from a critical point of view. I argue that Marx’s thought fits well within the tradition of modern subject metaphysics which culminates in Hegel’s philosophy. Marx’s attempt at interpreting human essence in terms of labor and production belong directly to this context of subject metaphysics. I also take issue with the social-political implications of this undestanding of man. Then I have recourse to Aristotle’s political thought, his reflections on polis, as a comparative case. Both thinkers recognize man’s communal nature but intrepret it in entirely different ways

Keywords

Marx , Aristotle , alienation , communism , labor , production , human essence , polis , subject metaphysics , theoria

References

• ARİSTOTLE. Metaphysics, ed. D. Ross, 2 vol. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975).
• -- Metaphysics, trans. Hugh Lawson-Tancred (London: Penguin Books, 1998)
• -- Nichmachean Ethics, trans. D. Ross (rev. by L. Brown) (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009).
• -- Politics, trans. H. Rakham (Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1959).
• -- De Anima, trans. R. D. Hicks (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1907)
• BRUDNEY, Daniel. Marx’s Attempt to Leave Philosophy (Massachusetts: Harvard Univ. Press, 1998)
• COHEN, Gerald A. History, Labour, and Freedom (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988).
• GOULD, Carol C. Marx’s Social Ontology (Masschsetts: MIT Press, 1978).
• HABERMAS, Jürgen. Knowledge and Human Interests, trans. J. Shapiro (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971).
• HEİDEGGER, Martin. Being and Time, trans. J. Macquarrie and E. Robinson (Oxford: Blackwell, 1985)
• -- Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics: World, Finitude, Solitude, trans. W. McNeill and N.
• WALKER (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995).
• -- What is Called Thinking? trans. F. D. Wieck and G. Gray (New York: Harper & Row, 1968).
• -- “The Question Concerning Technology” in Basic Writings, ed. D. F. Krell (New York: Harper Perrenial, 2008).
• KAİN, Philip J. “Aristotle, Kant and the Ethics of Young Marx”, in MA.
• LEOPOLD, David. The Young Karl Marx (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007).
• MARGOLİS, J. “Praxis and Meaning: Marx’s Species Being and Aristotle’s Political Animal”, in MA.
• MARX, K. Early Writings, trans. R. Livingstone and G. Benton, ed. L. Colletti (London: Penguin, 1975).
• -- The German Ideology, ed. C. J. Arthur (London: International Pubishers, 1970)
• -- Grundrisse, trans. Martin Nicolaus (London: Penguin Books, 1973)
• -- Marx’s Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, trans. A. Jolin and J. O’Malley (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970).
• MCCARTHY, George E. (ed.) Marx and Aristotle: Nineteenth Century German Social Theory and Classical Antiquity (Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1992). Abbr. as MA.
• ROCKMORE, Tom. Fichte, Marx and the German Philosophical Tradition (Carbodale, III.: Southern Illinois University Press, 1980).
• -- “Marxian Subjectivity, Idealism and Greek Philosophy” in MA.
• -- Marx After Marxism (Oxford: Blackwell Pub., 2002).
• ROSEN, Stanley. “Karl Marx”, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Version 1.0, (London and New York, 1998).
• SHİELDS, Christopher. Aristotle (London: Routledge, 2007).
• TÖNNİES, Ferdinand. Community and Society, trans. R. Heberle (New Jersey: Transaction Pub., 1988).
• WOLFF, Jonathan. Why Read Marx Today? (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002).
• WOOD, Allen W. Karl Marx, 2nd. ed. (London: Routledge, 2004).
• ZILBERSCHEID, Uri. “The Abolition of Labour in Marx's Teachings”.
• http://libcom.org/library/abolition-labour-marxs-teachings-uri-zilbersheid