Research Article

CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE AS THE MAIN FOUNDATION OF FREEDOM IN KANT’S THOUGHT

Number: 28 December 29, 2019
EN TR

CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE AS THE MAIN FOUNDATION OF FREEDOM IN KANT’S THOUGHT

Abstract

Although many problems in the history of thought have been shaped according to the requirements of the age in which they are dealt with, the manner in which these problems are examined varies very little. For example, when we think about freedom, if we hold it with a state of freedom in the sense of being completely exempt from the law or if we associate it with a lawfullness that underlies human sovereignty over his actions, we proceed in the same repertoire: When we take the concept of freedom in a way, we always find ourselves in the concept of law. Besides of it, when we embark on the exemption from the law, it would be very hard to establish a basis of consensus between people; however, it is equally difficult for us to find a legitimate basis for lawfullness in which we will establish this ground. Therefore, the foundations established by human beings to ward off the destructiveness of skepticism continue to be shaken by skepticism, although they are established more robustly after each quake, the quake continues to increase its strength each time.

Kant's attempt to solve freedom problem by harmonizing it with the moral law, in terms of the strong foundation that this quake provides when it is most severe, it is a guide even for the discussions in the time we live in. To remind, against the criticism about, as our primary source of knowledge about nature, experience is incapable to understand the main law of nature, causality;  Kant claims that understanding orders the laws of the nature including causality. But human’s reason cannot settle down by ordering to the tangible world its laws, the reason also tend to order the same laws to the intelligible world, and then it falls into dead end. But, according to Kant, by only becoming exempt from everything from the tangible world, all of our tendencies and interests, we can reveal the real laws of the intelligible world, and only these laws are fully compatible with the concept of freedom. In this respect, freedom refers to the basic lawfulness of the intelligible world, as well as paves the way for a consensus for all people.

In this context, in our study we will examine Kant's understanding of freedom fully harmonized with the moral law and will consider this basis the philosopher intended to establish for all people at every phases. Because only such a basis establishes the lawfulness in a way to prevent the degradation of the human being and continues to stand against all kinds of criticism.

References

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Philosophy

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 29, 2019

Submission Date

September 18, 2019

Acceptance Date

December 27, 2019

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Number: 28

Chicago
Çağlıyan, Çağdaş E. 2019. “KANT’IN DÜŞÜNCESİNDE ÖZGÜRLÜĞÜN ASIL DAYANAĞI OLARAK ZORUNLU AHLAK YASASI”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, nos. 28: 101-19. https://izlik.org/JA48KJ26NK.

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