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THE LAST CASTLE OF NEOPOSITİVISM IN TWENTIETH CENTURY: SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION ON THE BASE OF CONSTRUCTIVE EMPIRICISM

Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 26, 411 - 428, 29.12.2018

Abstract

ed by the argument that theories give an accurate picture of the world that
exists independently of the human mind. Realists have argued that the reality of
theories is largely independent of human thought and theoretical view. van
Fraassen believes that at this point it is enough to admit that the theory will work
out in an experimental field, even if we do not have a judgment on the correctness
of a scientific theory, by opposing the realist view that the purpose of science is to
reach the right theories. In this sense, the pragmatic explanatory model is actually
a model that aims to save the scientific understanding from metaphysics and to
make ease the burden of science by imposing an easier task in the sense that the
realists overload. The concept of "constructivist empiricism" which covers this
model is basically as follows; is based on the understanding that a theory can be
accepted as long as it is experimentally appropriate and that such acceptance does
not need to include the belief in truth.

References

  • Cohen, Bernard, Revolutions in Science, Belknap Press, 1987
  • Fraassen, Bas van, Scientific Representation: Paradoxes of Perspective, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2008
  • Fraassen, Bas van, Foundation of Science, C.1, S. 1, Springer Science&Media, 1995/96.
  • Fraassen, Bas van “Gideon Rosen on Constructive Empiricism”, Philosophical Studies, 74(2): 179–192, 1994.
  • Fraassen, Bas van, 1989, Laws and Symmetry, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Fraassen, Bas van, The Scientific Image, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1980
  • Fraassen, Bas van The Empirical Stance, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002
  • Fraassen, Bas van “The Agnostic Subtly Probabilified”, Analysis, 58(3): 212–220. 1998.
  • Fraassen, Bas van, ‘"A Formal Approach to the Philosophy of Science" in R. Colodny (ed.), Paradigms and Paradoxes: The Philosophical Challenge of the Quantum Domain, (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1972),içinde ss. 303-366.
  • Fraassen, Bas van “Constructive Empiricism Now” Philosophical Studies, 106: 151–170, 2001.
  • Ian Hacking, Representing and Intervening, Cambridge University Press, 1983
  • Kitcher, P., and Salmon, W., 1987, “Van Fraassen on Explanation”, Journal of Philosophy, 84(6): 315–330.
  • Monton, Bradley and Mohler, Chad, "Constructive Empiricism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/constructive-empiricism/>.
  • Rosen, G., , “What is Constructive Empiricism?”, Philosophical Studies, 74(2): 143–178, 1994
  • Stathis Psillos, ‘Rudolph Carnap’s ‘Theorotical Concepts’ in Science’, Stud. Hist. Phil. Sci., C.. 31, S. 1, s. 151–172, 2000.
  • Teller, P., , “Whither Constructive Empiricism?” Philosophical Studies, 106: 123–150, 2001

NEOPOZİTİVİZMİN 20. YÜZYILDAKİ SON KALESİ: İNŞAACI DENEYCİLİK TEMELİNDE BİLİMSEL AÇIKLAMA

Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 26, 411 - 428, 29.12.2018

Abstract

Bilimsel kuramların gerçeklikle uygunluğu sorunu, kuramların insan
zihninden bağımsız olarak var olan dünyanın doğru bir betimlemesini verip
vermedikleri tartışması üzerinden şekillenmiştir. Realistler kuramların belirlediği
gerçekliğin büyük oranda insan düşüncesinden ve kuramsal bakıştan bağımsız
olduğunu savunmuşlardır. van Fraassen de bu noktada bilimin amacının doğru
kuramlara ulaşmak olduğu şeklindeki realist görüşe karşı çıkarak, bilimsel
anlamda bir kuramın doğruluğuna ilişkin bir yargıya sahip olunmasa da kuramın
deneysel alanda iş göreceğini kabul etmenin yeterli olduğuna inanmaktadır.
Pragmatik açıklama modeli de bu anlamda aslında bilimsel anlayışı metafizikten
kurtarmak ve bilime realistlerin yüklediği anlamdan daha kolay bir görev
yükleyerek bilimin yükünü hafifletmek amacında olan bir modeldir. Bu modelin
içerisinde bulunduğu “inşaacı deneycilik” görüşü de temelde; bir kuramın deneysel
olarak uygun olduğu sürece kabul edilebileceği ve böyle bir kabullenmenin de
doğruluk inancını içermesine gerek olmadığı anlayışına dayanmaktadır.

References

  • Cohen, Bernard, Revolutions in Science, Belknap Press, 1987
  • Fraassen, Bas van, Scientific Representation: Paradoxes of Perspective, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2008
  • Fraassen, Bas van, Foundation of Science, C.1, S. 1, Springer Science&Media, 1995/96.
  • Fraassen, Bas van “Gideon Rosen on Constructive Empiricism”, Philosophical Studies, 74(2): 179–192, 1994.
  • Fraassen, Bas van, 1989, Laws and Symmetry, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Fraassen, Bas van, The Scientific Image, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1980
  • Fraassen, Bas van The Empirical Stance, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002
  • Fraassen, Bas van “The Agnostic Subtly Probabilified”, Analysis, 58(3): 212–220. 1998.
  • Fraassen, Bas van, ‘"A Formal Approach to the Philosophy of Science" in R. Colodny (ed.), Paradigms and Paradoxes: The Philosophical Challenge of the Quantum Domain, (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1972),içinde ss. 303-366.
  • Fraassen, Bas van “Constructive Empiricism Now” Philosophical Studies, 106: 151–170, 2001.
  • Ian Hacking, Representing and Intervening, Cambridge University Press, 1983
  • Kitcher, P., and Salmon, W., 1987, “Van Fraassen on Explanation”, Journal of Philosophy, 84(6): 315–330.
  • Monton, Bradley and Mohler, Chad, "Constructive Empiricism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/constructive-empiricism/>.
  • Rosen, G., , “What is Constructive Empiricism?”, Philosophical Studies, 74(2): 143–178, 1994
  • Stathis Psillos, ‘Rudolph Carnap’s ‘Theorotical Concepts’ in Science’, Stud. Hist. Phil. Sci., C.. 31, S. 1, s. 151–172, 2000.
  • Teller, P., , “Whither Constructive Empiricism?” Philosophical Studies, 106: 123–150, 2001
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

S. Ertan Tağman This is me

Publication Date December 29, 2018
Submission Date September 20, 2018
Acceptance Date December 29, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 13 Issue: 26

Cite

Chicago Tağman, S. Ertan. “NEOPOZİTİVİZMİN 20. YÜZYILDAKİ SON KALESİ: İNŞAACI DENEYCİLİK TEMELİNDE BİLİMSEL AÇIKLAMA”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 13, no. 26 (December 2018): 411-28.

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