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KURAMDAN BAĞIMSIZ GÖZLEM VE DENEY DİLİ OLANAKLI MIDIR?

Year 2006, Issue: 2, 29 - 43, 01.09.2006

Abstract

Bilim tarihini ve bilim etkinliğinin başka yönlerinin olduğunu hesaba katmayan pozitivizmin aksine, Pierre Duhem, Émile Meyerson, Alexandre Koyré ve Thomas Kuhn gibi önemli bilim tarihçileri ve filozofları, bilim tarihindeki önemli keşif ve gelişmeleri pozitivist olmayan bir tutumla ele alırlar. Bu düşünürler, bilimsel etkinlik kuramsal bir etkinliktir; kuramsal etkinlik olguları belirler savlarıyla, kuram yüklü gözlem ve deneyi savunurlar ve kuramlara bir sözlük işlevi yüklerler. Hatta kuram sadece önce gelmekle kalmaz, gözlem ve deneyin yapısını da belirler. Şu halde, bilim yapılırken ilkin kendisine dayanılan bir ontoloji ya da evren tasarımı vardır; bundan dolayıdır ki, bilim tarihinde değişik dönemlerde başka başka bilim tasarımları olmuştur. Bu bildiri de pozitivist hareketin etkisini yitirmesi yönünde özellikle çaba gösteren Koyré, Meyerson ve Kuhn’un öne sürdüğü “kuramdan bağımsız gözlem ve deney dilinin olanaksız olduğuna” ilişkin fikir ve argümanlarının en temelde Duhem’e düşülen bir dipnottan başka bir şey olmadıkları gösterilmeye çalışılacaktır

References

  • DUHEM, Pierre. The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954
  • DUHEM, Pierre. Essays in the History and Philosophy of Science, (çev. Roger Hackett Publishing Company INC, 1996
  • KOYRÉ, Alexandre, Metaphysics and Measurement, Gordon and Breach: Science Publishers, 1992
  • KOYRÉ, Alexandre, Yeniçağ Biliminin Doğuşu, (Çev. Kurtuluş Dinçer), Ankara: Gündoğan Yayınları, 1994
  • KUHN, Thomas S. The Structure Of Scientific Revolutions, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1970
  • KUHN, Thomas S. Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yapısı, (çev. Nilüfer Kuyaş), İstanbul: Alan Yayıncılık, 1991
  • MEYERSON, Émile. Identity & Reality, (trans. By Kate Loewenberg, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1930.

Can There Be Any Dictionary of Observation and Experiment Apart From A Theory?

Year 2006, Issue: 2, 29 - 43, 01.09.2006

Abstract

Contrary to positivism, which does not take into consideration the some other aspects of scientific activity and of the history of science, some leading philosophers and historians of science like Piere Duhem, Émile Meyerson, Alexandre Koyré and Thomas Kuhn have dealt with the important discoveries and developments within the history of science without a positivistic attitude. These thinkers have defended the views that scientific activity is a theoretical one,which determines the facts and the structure of observation and experiment, and that theory-ladenness of observation and experiment precedes everything in science, and that theories are in fact dictinionaries to guide and help the scientists. Thus, there is an ontology or an idea of universe above all on which the scientific activity depends. Accordingly, there have always been different kinds of ideas of science in different periods in the history of science. In this presentation, it is aimed at spelling out that the arguments put forward by Koyré, Meyerson and Kuhn, who intentionally struggled with positivist movement so as to get rid of it by stating that “it is unlikely to get a language of observation and experiment free from a theory”, are nothing but a footnote to Duhem.

References

  • DUHEM, Pierre. The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1954
  • DUHEM, Pierre. Essays in the History and Philosophy of Science, (çev. Roger Hackett Publishing Company INC, 1996
  • KOYRÉ, Alexandre, Metaphysics and Measurement, Gordon and Breach: Science Publishers, 1992
  • KOYRÉ, Alexandre, Yeniçağ Biliminin Doğuşu, (Çev. Kurtuluş Dinçer), Ankara: Gündoğan Yayınları, 1994
  • KUHN, Thomas S. The Structure Of Scientific Revolutions, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1970
  • KUHN, Thomas S. Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yapısı, (çev. Nilüfer Kuyaş), İstanbul: Alan Yayıncılık, 1991
  • MEYERSON, Émile. Identity & Reality, (trans. By Kate Loewenberg, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1930.
There are 7 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Talip Kabadayı This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2006
Submission Date January 1, 2006
Acceptance Date April 1, 2006
Published in Issue Year 2006 Issue: 2

Cite

Chicago Kabadayı, Talip. “KURAMDAN BAĞIMSIZ GÖZLEM VE DENEY DİLİ OLANAKLI MIDIR?”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 2 (September 2006): 29-43.

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