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Carnap, Quine and Naturalism

Year 2008, Issue: 6, 101 - 116, 01.09.2008

Abstract

Carnap’s distinction between internal and external questions is central to his views on naturalistic ontology. On the basis of this distinction, he identifies metaphysics as an undue attempt to overcome external questions, questions that have no proper answers in an ideal language allowing us to generate accurate predictions at the sensory level. But, on the other hand, internal questions are those that can be adequately addressed by the methods of natural science. Similarly, Quine argues that epistemology is a chapter of natural science wherein problems raised about the nature of knowledge make sense just because they can be resolved by appeal to the methods of natural science. This paper argues, however, that Quine’s defense of naturalism in epistemology cannot be identified with Carnap’s claim that ontological questions are intelligible only within a linguistic framework

References

  • ASPECTOR-KELLY, Marc. “On Quine on Carnap on Ontology”, Philosophical Studies 102, 2001, s.77.
  • CARNAP, Rudolf. “Empiricism, Semantic and Ontology”, The Linguistic Turn içinde, ed. Richard Rorty, Chicago: University of Press 1967.
  • GIBSON, Roger F. “Quine and Davidson: Two Naturalized Epistemologists”, Inquiry, 37, 1995, ss.449- 463.
  • KIM, Jaegwon. “What Is Naturalized Epistemology?”, Naturalizing Epistemology içinde, ed. Hilary Kornblith, Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books/MIT Press 1994, ss.33-56.
  • KORNBLITH, Hilary. “Naturalized Epistemology”, A Companion to Epistemology içinde, ed. Jonathan Dancy and Ernest Sosa, Oxford, MA: Blackwell, 1993, ss.297-300.
  • KORNBLITH, Hilary. “Introduction: What is Naturalistic Epistemology”, Naturalizing Epistemology içinde, ed. H. Kornblith, Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books/MIT Press 1994, ss.1-14.
  • PUTNAM, Hilary. Realizm With A Human Face, Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1992.
  • PUTNAM, Hilary. Words for Life, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press 1994, s.95.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. Pursuit of Truth, Cambridge, Mass., 1992.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. Theories and Things,Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1981.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Indeterminacy of Translation Again”, The Journal of Philosophy, 84, 1987, ss.5-10.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Epistemology Naturalized”, Naturalizing Epistemology içinde, ed. Hilary Kornblith, Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books/MIT Press 1994, ss. 15-31.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Two Dogmas of Empiricism”, From A Logical Point of View içinde, Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1953, ss.20-46.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. From a Logıcal Point of View, Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1980.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. Word and Object, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press 1960.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “On What There Is”, Review of Metaphysics, Sayı: 2, 1948, ss. 21-38.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Semantics and Abstract Objects”, Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Sayı: 80, 1951, ss.90-96.

CARNAP, QUINE VE NATÜRALİZM

Year 2008, Issue: 6, 101 - 116, 01.09.2008

Abstract

Carnap, metafiziği “dışsal sorular”a cevaplar bulmaya ve bu cevapları felsefi olarak temellendirmeye çalışan boş ve gereksiz bir girişim olarak belirler. Çünkü dışsal sorular, duyu deneyimleri düzeyinde isabetli öndeyilerde bulunmayı sağlayan bir teorik-konuşma dilinde hiçbir cevabı bulunmayan “sözde-problemler”i ifade eder. Öyle ki, belli bir “dilsel çerçeve”den bağımsız olarak dışsal sorulara verilen cevaplar, “bilişsel içerikten” tamamen yoksun olduğu için deneysel olarak test edilemez. Carnap için sadece belli bir “dilsel-çerçeve” bünyesinde şekilenen sorular, yani “içsel sorular” cevaplandırılabilir sorulardır. Benzer şekilde, Quine’a göre, bilginin doğası hakkındaki felsefi sorular deneysel psikoloji bünyesinde doğa bilimlerine paralel olarak ele alınmalıdır. Çünkü epistemolojik bakımdan makul sayılabilecek sorular, sadece doğa bilimlerinin metotları aracılığı ile cevaplanabilen sorulardır. Bu makalenin temel amacı, Quine’ın ileri sürdüğü bu natüralist savın Carnap’ın içsel/dışsal sorular ayrımı ile karakterize edilemeyeceğini göstermektir

References

  • ASPECTOR-KELLY, Marc. “On Quine on Carnap on Ontology”, Philosophical Studies 102, 2001, s.77.
  • CARNAP, Rudolf. “Empiricism, Semantic and Ontology”, The Linguistic Turn içinde, ed. Richard Rorty, Chicago: University of Press 1967.
  • GIBSON, Roger F. “Quine and Davidson: Two Naturalized Epistemologists”, Inquiry, 37, 1995, ss.449- 463.
  • KIM, Jaegwon. “What Is Naturalized Epistemology?”, Naturalizing Epistemology içinde, ed. Hilary Kornblith, Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books/MIT Press 1994, ss.33-56.
  • KORNBLITH, Hilary. “Naturalized Epistemology”, A Companion to Epistemology içinde, ed. Jonathan Dancy and Ernest Sosa, Oxford, MA: Blackwell, 1993, ss.297-300.
  • KORNBLITH, Hilary. “Introduction: What is Naturalistic Epistemology”, Naturalizing Epistemology içinde, ed. H. Kornblith, Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books/MIT Press 1994, ss.1-14.
  • PUTNAM, Hilary. Realizm With A Human Face, Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1992.
  • PUTNAM, Hilary. Words for Life, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press 1994, s.95.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. Pursuit of Truth, Cambridge, Mass., 1992.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. Theories and Things,Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1981.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Indeterminacy of Translation Again”, The Journal of Philosophy, 84, 1987, ss.5-10.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Epistemology Naturalized”, Naturalizing Epistemology içinde, ed. Hilary Kornblith, Cambridge, MA: Bradford Books/MIT Press 1994, ss. 15-31.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Two Dogmas of Empiricism”, From A Logical Point of View içinde, Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1953, ss.20-46.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. From a Logıcal Point of View, Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1980.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. Word and Object, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press 1960.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “On What There Is”, Review of Metaphysics, Sayı: 2, 1948, ss. 21-38.
  • QUINE, W. V. O. “Semantics and Abstract Objects”, Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Sayı: 80, 1951, ss.90-96.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Fatih S.m. Öztürk This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2008
Published in Issue Year 2008 Issue: 6

Cite

Chicago Öztürk, Fatih S.m. “CARNAP, QUINE VE NATÜRALİZM”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 6 (September 2008): 101-16.

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