TRACTATUS, MANTIKSAL UZAM VE ZOMBİLER

Year 2017, Issue: 23, 291 - 306, 01.05.2017

Serdal Tümkaya

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, muhtemelen Tractatus’u çağdaş analitik zihin felsefesiyle ilişkilendirebilecek ve birbirleriyle yakından ilişkili üç meseleyi tartışacağım. İlki Dünya, Gerçeklik ve Olgu Durumları Bağlamları arasındaki ilişkidir. Diğeri, Mantıksal Uzam kavramıdır. Sonuncusuysa, mantıksal olasılığın Tractatus türü kavramlaştırmasının tutarlı olup olmadığıdır. Bu üç sorunun tek bir makalede ele alınmasını gerektirecek kadar iç içe geçip geçmediği sorulabilir. Burada ben Mantıksal Uzam metaforunun mantıksal olasılıklar kavramına sıkıca bağlı olmasından ötürü cevabın olumlu olduğunu savunuyorum. Dolayısıyla, ikincisindeki tutarsızlık ve anlaşılmazlıklar, ilkini çok problemli hale getirecektir. Bu son dediğim doğruysa bu durum, çağdaş analitik zihin felsefesindeki tahayyül edilebilirlik temelli tezler için etkileri büyük olumsuz sonuçlar doğurabilecektir. Tractatus’taki mantıksal uzam kavramı modal metafiziğin erken dönemli bir çeşidi olarak kendi başına da oldukça ilginçtir. Fakat daha önemli olan, onun analitik zihin felsefesinde sıklıkla kullanılan yakın dönemli metafizik argümanlar için barındırdığı sonuçlardır

Keywords

Wittgenstein, Logical Space, Logical Possibilities, thought experiments, Reality, conceivability, the Zombies argument, a priori arguments, varieties of modalit

THE TRACTATUS, LOGICAL SPACE, AND ZOMBIES

Abstract

Here I shall discuss three closely interrelated points that connect the Tractatus to the contemporary analytical philosophy of mind. The first is the notion of Logical Space. The second involves the imaginability-based nature of the Tractarian notion of logical possibility. The last point is that the Tractarian notion is too broad to the extent that it embraces both metaphysical and nomological possibility. In this paper, I argue that because the metaphor of logical space strictly depends on the notion of logical possibilities, the boundaries of logical space are too undetermined. If that is true, how could we know if, for example, zombies are logically possible or not? However, the zombie argument is the sort of example frequently used to argue against physicalism. Then, in the case of the incoherency in the notion of logical space, the zombie argument would become somehow problematic. If that is the case, it might have repercussions for the conceivability arguments in the field of the analytical philosophy of mind. The Tractarian notion of logical space is a curiosity in its own right as an earlier variety of modal metaphysics, but it has a wider significance for the recent metaphysical arguments often used in the analytical philosophy of mind

Keywords

Wittgenstein, Logical Space, Logical Possibilities, thought experiments, Reality, conceivability, the Zombies argument, a priori arguments, varieties of modality

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