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AN ASSESSMENT ON NIETZSCHE AND TRANSHUMANISM CONNECTION

Year 2018, Issue: 25, 207 - 224, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Nietzsche who is one of the most prominent phlosophers of the intellectual history of West has affected the movements such as; both nihilism, anarchism and postmodernism and philosophers like Derrida and Baudrillard. Nietzsche who also affected transhumanism providing the transformation of nature and human via technology has great impress on the trans-posthumanist approaches emerged as an important improvement and supplying the transformation of nature and human by means of technology. Nietzsche and transhumanism have not been studied, as the number of studies in the field of transhumanism in our country is very limited. In recent years, there are many articles and books written in the context of transhumanism and Nietzsche in the Western philosophical literature where discussions relating Nietzsche to transhumanism are done. Subjects and concepts related to Nietzschetranshumanism have been ; superman-posthuman, eternal cycle, the will to power, nihilism, evolution, education, asceticism, development, bio-development, morality, pain, grief, longevity and immortality. In this article, Nietzsche-transhuman relation is discussed with the concepts of superman, the will to power and eternal cycle and Nietzsche's similarity and difference with the transhumanism movement is handled as well. Although the transhumanism is claimed to have the roots of Nietzsche, it is stated that the anti-humanist philosophy of Nietzsche, is different from transhumanism, which wants humanism to move further.

References

  • Babich, Babette (2012). “Nietzsche’s Post-Human Imperative: On the “All-tooHuman Dream of Transhumanism”, The Agonist, IV (II): 1-39.
  • Chu, Ted (1963). Human Purpose and Transhuman Potential, USA: Origin Press.
  • Dağ, Ahmet (2017). “Hümanizmin Radikalleşmesi Olarak Transhümanizm”, Felsefi Düşün, 9: 46-68.
  • Hauskeller, Michael (2014). Sex and the Posthuman Condition, London: Palgrave Press.
  • Hauskeller, Michael(2016). Mythologies of Transhumanism, London: Palgrave Press.
  • Hauskeller, Michael (2017). “Nietzsche, the Overhuman and the Posthuman. Reply to Stefan Sorgner”, Nietzsche and Transhumanism: Precursor or Enemy?, ed. Yunus Tuncel, ss. 32-36, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publisher.
  • Hibbard, Bill (2010). “Nietzsche’s Overhuman is an Ideal Whereas Posthumans Will be Real”, Journal of Evolution and Technology, 21 (1): 9-12.
  • Hopkins, P.D. (2015). “A Salvation Paradox for Transhumanism: Saving You versus Saving You”, Religion and Transhumanism: The Unknown Future of Human Enhancement, ed. C. Mercer ve T.J. Trothen, California: Praeger. ss. 71-82.
  • Jeffrey, Scot (2016). The Posthuman Body in Superhero Comics Human, Superhuman, Transhuman, Post/Human, London: Palgrave Press.
  • Loeb, Paul S (2011). “Nietzsche’s Transhumanism”, The Agonist, (4) 2: 1-29.
  • More, Max (2010). “The Overhuman in the Transhuman”, Journal of Evolution and Technology, 21:1-4.
  • Nietzsche, W.F, (1954). Zerdüşt Böyle Dedi, çev. Sadi Irmak, İstanbul: İkbal Kitabevi.
  • Nietzsche, W.F., (2011). Böyle Buyurdu Zerdüşt, çev. Mustafa Tüzel, İstanbul: İş Bankası Yayınları.
  • Nietzsche, W.F., (2017). Ecce Homo- Kişi Nasıl Kendi Olur, çev. Cem Alkor, İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, https://issuu.com/tn68/docs/friedrich_nietzsche_-_ecco_homo, (Erişim: 03.12.2017).
  • Öztürk, Ali. (2013). İmajoloji, İstanbul: Elis Kitapları.
  • Platon, (1958). Devlet, çev. Sabahattin Eyüpoğlu-M. Ali Cimcoz, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Pearson, K.A (1997). Viroid Life, London: Routledge.
  • Samuelson, H. T (2005). “Science and the Betterment of Humanity: Three British Prophets of Transhumanism”, Building Better Humans? Refocusing the Debate on Transhumanism, ed. H.T. Samuelson ve K. L. Mossman, ss. 55-82, Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Sorgner, S.L (2009). “Nietzsche, the Overhuman, and Transhumanism”, Journal of Evolution and Technology, 20: 29-42.
  • Sorgner, S.L (2011). “Further Remarks on the Complex Relationship between Nietzsche and Transhumanism”, The Agonist, IV(II): 1-46.
  • Sorgner, S.L (2016). “Perfecting Human Beings: From Kant and Nietzsche to Trans and Posthumanism”, Trans-Humanities Journal, 9(42): 41-61.
  • Sorgner, S. L (2017). Beyond Humanism: Reflections on Trans- and Posthumanism Nietzsche and Transhumanism: Precursor or Enemy?, ed. Yunus Tuncel, ss. 55-82, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publisher. Tanner, Michael (2007). Düşüncenin Ustaları: Nietzsche, çev. Çetin Türkyılmaz, İstanbul: Altın Kitaplar.
  • Tuncel, Yunus (2017). Nietzsche and Transhumanism: Precursor or Enemy?, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publisher.
  • Wisser, Richard (1990). “Friedrich Nietzsche: Üstün İnsan Görünürde Mi?”, Felsefe Arkivi, 27: 75-97.
  • Zimmermann, Jens (2016). “Bonhoeffer’s Christian Humanism in “A World Come of Age”, Christian Humanism and Moral Formation in “A World Come of Age”, ed. J. Zimmermann ve N. Bold, ss. 12-38, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

NIETZSCHE VE TRANSHÜMANİZM BAĞLANTISI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Year 2018, Issue: 25, 207 - 224, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Batı düşünce tarihinde en etkileyici filozoflardan biri olan Nietzsche; hem nihilizm, anarşizm ve postmodernizm gibi akımları hem de Derrida ve Baudrillard gibi filozofları derinden etkilemiştir. Teknoloji vasıtasıyla insanın ve doğanın dönüşümünü sağlayan transhümanizmi de etkileyen Nietzsche, çağımızı tanımlayan -önemli bir gelişme olarak açığa çıkmış ve teknoloji vasıtasıyla insanın ve doğanın dönüşümünü sağlayan transposthümanizm yaklaşımlara etkisi büyüktür. Ülkemizde transhümanizm alanında yapılan çalışma sayısı çok sınırlı olduğu gibi Nietzsche ve transhümanizm bağlamında çalışma yapılmamıştır. Son yıllarda Nietzsche’yi transhümanizmle ilişkilendiren tartışmalar yapılan Batı felsefe yazınında, transhümanizm ve Nietzsche bağlamında yazılmış birçok makale ve kitap bulunmaktadır. Nietzsche-transhümanizm arasında ilişki kurulan konu ve kavramlar; üstinsan-posthuman, ebedi döngü, güç istenci, nihilizm, evrim, eğitim, asketizm, gelişim, biogelişim, ahlak, acı, keder, uzun ömürlülük ve ölümsüzlük olmuştur. Bu makalede Nietzschetranshümanizm ilişkisi; üstinsan, güç istenci ve ebedi dönüş kavramları üzerinden ele alınmış ve Nietzsche’nin transhümanizm akımıyla benzerliği ve farklılığı ele alınmıştır. Her ne kadar transhümanizmin Nietzscheci kökleri olduğu iddia edilse de anti-hümanist olan Nietzsche’nin felsefesinin hümanizmi daha ileri taşımak isteyen transhümanizmden farklı olduğu ifade edilmiştir

References

  • Babich, Babette (2012). “Nietzsche’s Post-Human Imperative: On the “All-tooHuman Dream of Transhumanism”, The Agonist, IV (II): 1-39.
  • Chu, Ted (1963). Human Purpose and Transhuman Potential, USA: Origin Press.
  • Dağ, Ahmet (2017). “Hümanizmin Radikalleşmesi Olarak Transhümanizm”, Felsefi Düşün, 9: 46-68.
  • Hauskeller, Michael (2014). Sex and the Posthuman Condition, London: Palgrave Press.
  • Hauskeller, Michael(2016). Mythologies of Transhumanism, London: Palgrave Press.
  • Hauskeller, Michael (2017). “Nietzsche, the Overhuman and the Posthuman. Reply to Stefan Sorgner”, Nietzsche and Transhumanism: Precursor or Enemy?, ed. Yunus Tuncel, ss. 32-36, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publisher.
  • Hibbard, Bill (2010). “Nietzsche’s Overhuman is an Ideal Whereas Posthumans Will be Real”, Journal of Evolution and Technology, 21 (1): 9-12.
  • Hopkins, P.D. (2015). “A Salvation Paradox for Transhumanism: Saving You versus Saving You”, Religion and Transhumanism: The Unknown Future of Human Enhancement, ed. C. Mercer ve T.J. Trothen, California: Praeger. ss. 71-82.
  • Jeffrey, Scot (2016). The Posthuman Body in Superhero Comics Human, Superhuman, Transhuman, Post/Human, London: Palgrave Press.
  • Loeb, Paul S (2011). “Nietzsche’s Transhumanism”, The Agonist, (4) 2: 1-29.
  • More, Max (2010). “The Overhuman in the Transhuman”, Journal of Evolution and Technology, 21:1-4.
  • Nietzsche, W.F, (1954). Zerdüşt Böyle Dedi, çev. Sadi Irmak, İstanbul: İkbal Kitabevi.
  • Nietzsche, W.F., (2011). Böyle Buyurdu Zerdüşt, çev. Mustafa Tüzel, İstanbul: İş Bankası Yayınları.
  • Nietzsche, W.F., (2017). Ecce Homo- Kişi Nasıl Kendi Olur, çev. Cem Alkor, İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, https://issuu.com/tn68/docs/friedrich_nietzsche_-_ecco_homo, (Erişim: 03.12.2017).
  • Öztürk, Ali. (2013). İmajoloji, İstanbul: Elis Kitapları.
  • Platon, (1958). Devlet, çev. Sabahattin Eyüpoğlu-M. Ali Cimcoz, İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Pearson, K.A (1997). Viroid Life, London: Routledge.
  • Samuelson, H. T (2005). “Science and the Betterment of Humanity: Three British Prophets of Transhumanism”, Building Better Humans? Refocusing the Debate on Transhumanism, ed. H.T. Samuelson ve K. L. Mossman, ss. 55-82, Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Sorgner, S.L (2009). “Nietzsche, the Overhuman, and Transhumanism”, Journal of Evolution and Technology, 20: 29-42.
  • Sorgner, S.L (2011). “Further Remarks on the Complex Relationship between Nietzsche and Transhumanism”, The Agonist, IV(II): 1-46.
  • Sorgner, S.L (2016). “Perfecting Human Beings: From Kant and Nietzsche to Trans and Posthumanism”, Trans-Humanities Journal, 9(42): 41-61.
  • Sorgner, S. L (2017). Beyond Humanism: Reflections on Trans- and Posthumanism Nietzsche and Transhumanism: Precursor or Enemy?, ed. Yunus Tuncel, ss. 55-82, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publisher. Tanner, Michael (2007). Düşüncenin Ustaları: Nietzsche, çev. Çetin Türkyılmaz, İstanbul: Altın Kitaplar.
  • Tuncel, Yunus (2017). Nietzsche and Transhumanism: Precursor or Enemy?, Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publisher.
  • Wisser, Richard (1990). “Friedrich Nietzsche: Üstün İnsan Görünürde Mi?”, Felsefe Arkivi, 27: 75-97.
  • Zimmermann, Jens (2016). “Bonhoeffer’s Christian Humanism in “A World Come of Age”, Christian Humanism and Moral Formation in “A World Come of Age”, ed. J. Zimmermann ve N. Bold, ss. 12-38, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ahmet Dağ This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 25

Cite

Chicago Dağ, Ahmet. “NIETZSCHE VE TRANSHÜMANİZM BAĞLANTISI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 25 (April 2018): 207-24.

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