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THE SWAMPING OBJECTION, THE CONDITIONAL-PROBABILITY SOLUTION AND THE GENERALITY PROBLEM

Year 2020, Issue: 29, 337 - 352, 16.05.2020

Abstract

The swamping objection is one of the serious objections raised against reliabilism in recent years. This objection asserts that reliabilism cannot explain why knowledge is epistemically better than true belief given veritism — the view that truth is the sole fundamental epistemic value. Goldman and Olsson try to overcome this objection with their “conditional-probability” solution. Knowledge, according to Goldman and Olsson, is reliably produced true belief and the superior value of knowledge stems from the fact that this composite state increases the probability of future true beliefs of similar kind. The aim of this paper is to show that this reply is based on the “type-token” distinction and thereby faces the so-called “generality problem”. Therefore, for this reply to be successful, this difficulty needs to be resolved.

References

  • Conee, Earl ve Feldman, Richard, “The Generality Problem for Reliabilism”, Philosophical Studies, sayı: 89, 1998, ss. 1-29.
  • Depaul, Michael, “Value Monism in Epistemology”, Knowledge, Truth and Duty içinde, ed. Matthias Steup, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2001.
  • Feldman, Richard, “Reliability and Justification”, The Monist, sayı: 68, cilt: 2, 1985, ss. 159-174.
  • Goldman, Alvin, Epistemology and Cognition, Harvard University Press: Cambridge, 1986.
  • Goldman, Alvin & Olsson, Erik, “Reliabilism and the Value of Knowledge”, Epistemic Value içinde, eds. Adrian Haddock, Alan Millar ve Duncan Pritchard, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2009.
  • Jones, Ward, “Why Do We Value Knowledge?”, American Philosophical Quarterly, sayı: 34, 1997, ss. 423-40.
  • Kvanvig, Jonathan, The Value of Knowledge and the Pursuit of Understanding, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2003.
  • Pritchard, Duncan, “Veritism and Epistemic Value”, Alvin Goldman and His Critics içinde, eds. Brian P. McLaughlin ve Hilary Kornblith, Blackwell: Oxford, 2016.
  • Zagzebski, Linda, “The Search for the Source of the Epistemic Good”, Metaphilosophy, sayı: 34, 2003, ss. 12-28.

GÖLGELEME İTİRAZI, KOŞULLU-OLASILIK ÇÖZÜMÜ VE GENELLİK SORUNU

Year 2020, Issue: 29, 337 - 352, 16.05.2020

Abstract



Gölgeleme
itirazı, son dönemlerde güvenilirciliğe yöneltilen ciddi itirazlardan biridir.
Bu itiraz, güvenilirciliğin, veritizm yani doğruluğun tek temel epistemik değer
olduğu görüşü çerçevesinde, bilginin niçin doğru inançtan epistemik olarak daha
değerli olduğunu açıklayamayacağını öne sürer. Goldman ve Olsson, ortaya
koydukları “koşullu-olasılık çözümü” ile bu itirazın üstesinden gelmeye
çalışırlar. Bilgi, Goldman ve Olsson’a göre, güvenilir bir süreçle oluşturulmuş
doğru inanç olup, bilginin üstün değeri bu
bileşik yapının gelecekteki benzer türde inançların doğru olma olasılığını
arttırmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, bu cevabın mevcut
itirazı bertaraf etmede başarısız olduğunu göstermektir. Söz konusu cevabın
başarılı olabilmesi, güvenilirciliğin karşılaştığı bir başka güçlük olan
“genellik sorunu” olarak adlandırılan meselenin çözümlenmiş olmasına bağlıdır.




References

  • Conee, Earl ve Feldman, Richard, “The Generality Problem for Reliabilism”, Philosophical Studies, sayı: 89, 1998, ss. 1-29.
  • Depaul, Michael, “Value Monism in Epistemology”, Knowledge, Truth and Duty içinde, ed. Matthias Steup, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2001.
  • Feldman, Richard, “Reliability and Justification”, The Monist, sayı: 68, cilt: 2, 1985, ss. 159-174.
  • Goldman, Alvin, Epistemology and Cognition, Harvard University Press: Cambridge, 1986.
  • Goldman, Alvin & Olsson, Erik, “Reliabilism and the Value of Knowledge”, Epistemic Value içinde, eds. Adrian Haddock, Alan Millar ve Duncan Pritchard, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2009.
  • Jones, Ward, “Why Do We Value Knowledge?”, American Philosophical Quarterly, sayı: 34, 1997, ss. 423-40.
  • Kvanvig, Jonathan, The Value of Knowledge and the Pursuit of Understanding, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2003.
  • Pritchard, Duncan, “Veritism and Epistemic Value”, Alvin Goldman and His Critics içinde, eds. Brian P. McLaughlin ve Hilary Kornblith, Blackwell: Oxford, 2016.
  • Zagzebski, Linda, “The Search for the Source of the Epistemic Good”, Metaphilosophy, sayı: 34, 2003, ss. 12-28.
There are 9 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Keziban Der

Publication Date May 16, 2020
Submission Date November 12, 2019
Acceptance Date April 29, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 29

Cite

Chicago Der, Keziban. “GÖLGELEME İTİRAZI, KOŞULLU-OLASILIK ÇÖZÜMÜ VE GENELLİK SORUNU”. FLSF Felsefe Ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, no. 29 (May 2020): 337-52.

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