Floristic and Ecological Characteristics of Biotopes in Bayrampaşa District (İstanbul)

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 42 - 50, 30.12.2020

Ayca Sen Ahmet Yılmaz Uğur Şen Celal Yarcı

Abstract

In this study, the biotope types and their floristic compositions of Bayrampaşa, one of the rapidly developing and increasingly populated districts of İstanbul, were investigated. The characteristics of biotopes and an inventory of the natural and exotic taxa they contain were created, and also the ecological characteristics of the biotopes were included. Biotopes in the district were visited in different seasons of the year, and plant samples were collected in accordance with herbarium techniques, then dried and identified. The list of exotic taxa was taken from the Bayrampaşa Directorate of District Parks and Gardens. In addition, soil samples were taken and chemical analyses were made. The main biotopes identified in the district are; parks, gardens of public buildings, industrial areas, railways, roadsides and abandoned lands. Out of a total of 236 taxa identified in these biotopes, 121 of them were natural and 115 were exotic. Asteraceae/Compositae came to the fore with the number of natural taxa it contains and Rosaceae with the number of exotic taxa it contains. As a result of the study, the importance of urban ecological studies in such regions was emphasized by drawing attention to biotopes that are under pressure with rapid urbanization, especially in rapidly developing cities.

Keywords

Bayrampaşa, Biotope types, Ecological planning, Urban ecology, Urban Flora

References

• Aksoy, M. (2002). Bayrampaşa ilçesindeki kentiçi ağaçlandırmaların irdelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-156) Istanbul University.
• Aksoy, Y. (2001). İstanbul kenti yeşil alan durumu irdelemesi, Doktora Tezi, (pp. 1-784) Istanbul University.
• Altan, T. (1997). Kent ekolojisi, önemi ve Adana kenti örneğinde irdelenmesi. In Doğayı Korumada Kent ve Ekoloji Sempozyumu, 18-19 December. İstanbul, Turkey.
• Altay, V., Ozyigit, I. I., & Yarci, C. (2010). Urban flora and ecological cha-racteristics of the Kartal District (Istanbul); a contribution to urban ecology in Turkey. Scientific Research and Essays, 5(2), 183-200.
• Altay, V., Ozyigit, I. I., Osma, E., Bakir, Y., Demir, G., Severoglu, Z., & Yarci, C. (2015). Environmental relationships of the vascular flora alongside the railway tracks between Haydarpaşa and Gebze (Istanbul-Kocaeli/Turkey). Journal of Environmental Biology, 36(1), 153-162.
• Anonymous, (2009). Location of Bayrampaşa District. https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dosya:Istanbul_location_Bayrampaşa.svg, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Anonymous, (2011). Official Website of State Meteorology Service, https://www.mgm.gov.tr, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Anonymous, (2015). Official Website of Bayrampaşa Municipality. Retrieved August 25, 2020, from http://www.bayrampasa.gov.tr/, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Avci, M. (2008). Kentsel biyoçeşitlilik açısından bir değerlendirme: İstanbul örneği. Kentsel Ekoloji ve Yaşanabilir Kent Sempozyumu, 81-105.
• Bailey, L. H. (1949). Manual of cultivated plants. (pp. 1-1116). The Macmillan Company.
• Bayrampasa Bld., (2020). Bayrampaşa’yı Tanıyalım. http://www.bayrampasa.bel.tr/icerik.asp?is=183q1167q10q10q10q10q11q1diq10q1isqp, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Baytop, T. (1997). Türkçe bitki adları sözlüğü (A dictionary of vernacular names of wild plants of Turkey). (pp. 1-512). Publication of Turkish Language Society, Ankara.
• Beyhan, E., Yarci, C., & Yilmaz, A. (2020). Investigation of hemeroby degree of vegetation in urban transport areas: the case of İzmit (Koca-eli). Frontiers in Life Sciences and Related Technologies, 1(1), 28-34.
• Borekci, H. (2008). Ümraniye ilçesi (İstanbul) kentsel ekolojisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-100) Marmara University.
• Collins, J. P., Kinzig, A., Grimm, N. B., Fagan, W. F., Hope, D., Wu, J., & Borer, E. T. (2000). A new urban ecology: modeling human communities as integral parts of ecosystems poses special problems for the development and testing of ecological theory. American Scientist, 88(5), 416-425.
• Davis, P. H. (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, 1-9.
• Endeksa, (2020). İstanbul Bayrampaşa Nüfusu, Gelir Düzeyi, Eğitim Seviyesi, AB Grubu, Hemşehrilik, https://www.endeksa.com/tr/analiz/istanbul/bayrampasa/demografi, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Eskin, B., Altay, V., Ozyigit, I. I., & Serin, M. (2012). Urban vascular flora and ecological characteristics of the Pendik District, (Istanbul-Turkey). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(4), 629-646.
• Fageria, N. K., & Zimmermann, F. J. P. (1998). Influence of pH on growth and nutrient uptake by crop species in an Oxisol. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 29(17-18), 2675-2682.
• Gilbert, O. (2012). The ecology of urban habitats. (pp. 1-384). Springer Science & Business Media.
• Gilbert, O. L. (1989). The ecology of urban habitats. (pp. 1-369). Chapman & Hall. London/New York.
• Gullu, M. M. (2009). Sarıyer ilçesi (İstanbul) kentsel ekolojisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-73) Marmara University.
• IBB, (2007). İstanbul Büyük Şehir Belediyesi, Avrupa Yakası Güneyi Mikrobölgeleme Çalışması, http://depremzemin.ibb.gov.tr/uploads/2015/11/4_Avrupa-Yakasi-Guneyi-I.-Etap-Mikrobolgeleme-Raporu-Yonetici-Ozeti.pdf, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• IBB, (2020). İstanbul Büyük Şehir Belediyesi, İstanbul Şehir Haritası, https://sehirharitasi.ibb.gov.tr/, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Kabaalioglu, B. Y. (2013). Beşiktaş ilçesi (İstanbul) kentsel ekolojisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-103) Marmara University.
• Karabas, F. (2010). Kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarında gayrimenkul değerleme yaklaşımının Bayrampaşa kentsel dönüşüm projesi kapsamında irdelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-182) Bahçeşehir University.
• Kühn, I., Brandl, R., & Klotz, S. (2004). The flora of German cities is na-turally species rich. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 6(5), 749-764.
• Levend, O. T. (2008). İstanbul ili Bayrampaşa ilçesi açık ve yeşil alanlarının nitelik ve nicelik açısından irdelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-237) Selçuk University.
• Mędrzycki, P. (2007). Invasive alien species fact sheet-Acer negundo. Online Database of the North European and Baltic Network on Invasive Alien Species. www.nobanis.org, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Mutlu, P. (2004). Üsküdar ilçesi kentsel ekolojisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-113) Marmara University.
• Onat, I. (2012). İstanbul kenti kamusal yeşil alan düzenlemelerinde mevsimlik çiçek ve soğanlı bitki uygulamalarının irdelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-156) Bahçeşehir University.
• Osma, E., Ozyigit, I. I., Altay, V., & Serin, M. (2010). Urban vascular flora and ecological characteristics of Kadıköy district, Istanbul, Turkey. Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology, 4(1), 64-87.
• Ozay, E. (2014). İstanbul’un Avrupa Yakası’ndaki bazı biotop tiplerinin floristik ve ekolojik özellikleri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-168) Marmara University.
• Ozhatay, N., Byfield, A., & Atay, S. (2005). Türkiye’nin 122 önemli bitki alanı (ÖBA). (pp. 1-88). WWF Türkiye Doğal Hayatı Koruma Derneği Yayınları. İstanbul.
• Ozhatay, N., & Keskin, M. (2007). Ömerli Havzasının ‘İstanbul’ doğal bitkileri. (pp. 1-88). WWF Türkiye Doğal Hayatı Koruma Derneği Yayınları. İstanbul.
• Pyšek, P., & Pyšek, A. (1990). Comparison of vegetation and flora of West Bohemian towns. Urban Ecology-Plants and Plant Communities in Urban Environments. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, 105-112.
• Sahin, N. (2002). Eminönü ve Fatih İlçeleri’nin (İstanbul) kentsel ekolojik özellikleri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-68) Marmara University.
• Sukopp, H. (2002). On the Early history of urban ecology in Europe. Počátky Výzkumu Ekologie Evropských Měst, 74, 373-393.
• Sukopp, H., & Weiler, S. (1988). Biotope mapping and nature conservation strategies in urban areas of the Federal Republic of Germany. Landscape and Urban Planning, 15(1-2), 39-58.
• Sukopp, H., & Werner, P. (1983). Urban environments and vegetation. In: Holzner, W., Werger, M. J. A., Ikusima, I. (eds) Man’s Impact on Ve-getation (pp. 247-260). Dr. W. Junk Publ., The Hague.
• The World Bank, (2019). Rural population (% of total population), https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• United Nations, (2018). The World’s Cities in 2018, https://www.un.org/en/events/citiesday/assets/pdf/the_worlds_cities_in_2018_data_booklet.pdf, Last accessed on October, 2020.
• Yaltirik, F., & Uluocak, N. (1973). İstanbul Boğaz Çevresi Bitki Örtüsü Özellikleri ve Fonksiyonları. İstanbul Boğazı ve çevresi sorunları simpozyumu (kitabı). Çevre koruma ve yeşillendirme derneği, İstanbul, 111-117.
• Yaltirik, F., Efe, A., & Uzun, A. (1997). Tarih boyunca İstanbul’un park bahçe ve koruları egzotik ağaç ve çalıları. (pp. 1-247). İsfalt Yayını.
• Yapar, M. (2013). Zeytinburnu ilçesi (İstanbul) kentsel ekolojisi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-147) Marmara University.
• Yeler, Y. (2004). Bayrampaşa Şehir Parkı’nın bitkilendirme yönünden değerlendirilmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, (pp. 1-68) Istanbul University.
• Yildizci A. (1978). İstanbul’da kentsel doku ile yeşil doku arasındaki ilişkiler ve istanbul yeşil alan sistemi. (pp. 1-159). Istanbul Technical University.