KARAÇAY-BALKAR NART DESTANLARI: DEBET, ALAUGAN, KARAŞAUAY

Abstract

Destan geleneklerinin arkaik tipine ait olan Nartlar hakkındaki efsaneler birçok Kafkas halkı tarafından bilinmektedir. Karaçay-Balkarlılara ait olan "Nartiada", ana versiyonlardan birisidir. Nart şarkıları ile Balkar-Karaçay efsaneleri irili ufaklı bir dizi döngüden oluşur. Her döngü, Nart kabilesinin yeryüzündeki görünümü, kahramanların destansı yaşamının çeşitli aşamaları ve olayları (doğum, kahramanca çocukluk, ilk başarı, evlilik, efsanevi canavarlarla savaşma vb.) ile ilgili bir grup küçük efsaneler ve şarkılardır. Bazı döngüler, biyografik ilkeye göre Nart kahramanlarının isimleri etrafında gruplanan efsanelerden oluşurken, diğerleri şecere ilkesine göre anlatılır. Bunlar arasında Nart demircisi Debet'e adanmış efsaneler ve şarkılar, oğlu Alaugan ve torunu Karaşauay, Balkar ve Karaçay destanlarında önemli bir yer tutar.

Keywords

• Nartiada
• Nart Destanları,
• Debet
• Alaugan
• Karaşauay

Project Number

project no 18-012-00266 A.

НАРТСКИЙ ЭПОС КАРАЧАЕВЦЕВ И БАЛКАРЦЕВ: ДЕБЕТ, АЛАУГАН, КАРАШАУАЙ

Abstract

Сказания о нартах, относящиеся к архаическому типу эпоса, известны многим кавказским народам. Карачаево-балкарская «Нартиада» - одна из основных национальных версий. Нартские песни и сказания балкарцев и карачаевцев» состоят из серии больших и малых циклов. Каждый цикл представляет собой группу небольших сказаний и песен о появлении на земле племени нартов, о различных этапах и событиях эпической жизни героев (рождение, героическое детство, первый подвиг, женитьба, борьба с мифическими монстрами и т. д.). Одни циклы состоят из сказаний, сгруппированных вокруг имён нартских героев по биографическому принципу, другие - по генеалогическому. Важное место в эпосе балкарцев и карачаевцев занимают сказания и песни, посвященные нартскому кузнецу Дебету, его сыну Алаугану и его внуку Карашауаю.

Keywords

• Нартиада
• , Нартский Эпос
• Дебет
• Алауган
• Карашауай

Project Number

project no 18-012-00266 A.

NART EPICS OF KARACHAIS AND BALKARS: DEBET, ALAUGAN, KARASHAWAI

Abstract

The Karachay-Balkarian "Nartiada" is one of the main national versions of the all-Caucasian Nart epic. Legends about the Narts, which belong to the archaic type of epic, are known to many Caucasian peoples. Among the Balkars and Karachays, as also among other peoples who are bearers of the Nartiada, the legends consist of a series of large and small cycles. Each cycle is a group of small legends and songs about the appearance on the earth of the Nart tribe, about the various stages and events of the epic life of the heroes (birth, heroic childhood, the first exploit, marriage, the struggle with mythical monsters, etc.). Some cycles consist of legends grouped around the name of the Nart hero according to the biographical principle, others according to the genealogical principle. An important place in the epos of the Balkars and Karachays is occupied by the legends devoted to the Nart blacksmith Debet, his son Alaugan and his grandson Karashawai.

Keywords

• Nartiada
• Nart epics
• , Debet
• , Alaugan
• , Karashawai

Supporting Institution

The article was supported by the Russian Foundation for basic research;

Project Number

project no 18-012-00266 A.

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