Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications

Zeynep Eda Özan; Gökhan Gündüz; Deniz Aydemir

Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications

Abstract

Wood is a sustainable material that exhibits natural piezoelectric behavior due to its anisotropic properties arising from its crystalline cellulose structure. Since the mid-20th century, scientific interest in the piezoelectric properties of wood has expanded from fundamental research on crystal mechanics to applications in energy harvesting, sensing systems, and smart materials. This review addresses the body of research conducted on the piezoelectric behavior of wood, examining the fundamental mechanisms and current potential applications from a holistic perspective. By comparatively analyzing historical and contemporary studies, significant insights are provided into the relationship between the piezoelectric properties of wood and its structural characteristics. The study concludes with guiding recommendations for future research and potential applications in environmentally friendly and energy-efficient technologies.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Forest Biometrics

Journal Section

Review Article

Authors

Zeynep Eda Özan
0000-0003-1119-4501
Türkiye

Gökhan Gündüz
0000-0002-2602-2211
Türkiye

Deniz Aydemir ^*
0000-0002-7484-2126
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 30, 2025

Submission Date

July 10, 2025

Acceptance Date

September 29, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 1 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Özan, Z. E., Gündüz, G., & Aydemir, D. (2025). Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications. Forest and Wood Science, 1(2), 1-7. https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX

AMA

1.Özan ZE, Gündüz G, Aydemir D. Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications. FOWS. 2025;1(2):1-7. https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX

Chicago

Özan, Zeynep Eda, Gökhan Gündüz, and Deniz Aydemir. 2025. “Exploring Wood As a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications”. Forest and Wood Science 1 (2): 1-7. https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX.

EndNote

Özan ZE, Gündüz G, Aydemir D (December 1, 2025) Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications. Forest and Wood Science 1 2 1–7.

IEEE

[1]Z. E. Özan, G. Gündüz, and D. Aydemir, “Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications”, FOWS, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–7, Dec. 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX

ISNAD

Özan, Zeynep Eda - Gündüz, Gökhan - Aydemir, Deniz. “Exploring Wood As a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications”. Forest and Wood Science 1/2 (December 1, 2025): 1-7. https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX.

JAMA

1.Özan ZE, Gündüz G, Aydemir D. Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications. FOWS. 2025;1:1–7.

MLA

Özan, Zeynep Eda, et al. “Exploring Wood As a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications”. Forest and Wood Science, vol. 1, no. 2, Dec. 2025, pp. 1-7, https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX.

Vancouver

1.Zeynep Eda Özan, Gökhan Gündüz, Deniz Aydemir. Exploring Wood as a Natural Piezoelectric Material: A Review of Historical Development, Mechanisms, and Applications. FOWS [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 1;1(2):1-7. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA64PS23XX