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Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli

Year 2015, Issue: 605, 7 - 17, 01.07.2015

Abstract

Çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye’de nihai enerji tüketimi ile ekonomik büyüme ve dışa açıklık arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, 19602013 dönemine ilişkin veriler kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan değişkenlerin tamamının aynı derecede durağanlığa sahip olmamaları nedeniyle Sınır Testi yaklaşımı tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, nihai enerji tüketimi, gayri safi yurtiçi hâsıla artışı ve dışa açıklık değişkenleri arasında eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Uzun dönem için kurulan ARDL modeli ve kısa dönem analizi için oluşturulan Hata Düzeltme Modeli sonuçlarına göre; incelenen dönem içerisinde Türkiye’de nihai enerji tüketimi ve dışa açıklık arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı sonuç bulunmazken, her iki dönemde nihai enerji tüketimi ve gayri safi yurtiçi hâsıla artışı arasında pozitif ve anlamlı sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır

References

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  • Energy Consumption and Gross National Product, Journal of Energy and Development, 14 (2), pp: 285-292. AĞIR, H. ve Muhsin KAR; (2010), “Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Düzeyi İlişkisi: Yatay Kesit Analizi”
  • Sosyoekonomi Dergisi, Özel Sayısı, ss:149-175. ALTINAY, G. ve Erdal KARAGÖL; (2004), Structural Break
  • Unit Root and the Causality Between Energy Consumption and GDP in Turkey”, Energy Economics, Volume:26, pp:985-994. APERGİS N. and James PAYNE; (2010a), “Renewable Energy
  • Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries”, Energy Policy, Volume:38, Isue:1, pp:656- APERGİS, N. and James PAYNE; (2010b), “Energy Consump- tion and Economic Growth in South America: From a Panel Er- ror Correction Model”, Energy Economics, Volume:32, Isue:6, pp:1421-1426.
  • APERGİS, N. and James PAYNE; (2010c), “The Emissions
  • Energy Consumption, and Growth Nexus: Evidence From the Commonwealth of Independent States”, Energy Policy, Vol- ume:38, Issue:1, pp:650-655. APERGİS, N. and James PAYNE; (2009),“Energy Consump- tion and Economic Growth in Central America: Evidence from a
  • Panel Cointegration and Error Correction Model”, Energy Eco- nomics, Volume:31, Issue:2, pp:211-216. CHANG, T., et al.; (2001), “Energy Consumption, Employment
  • Output and Temporal Causality: Evidence From Taiwan Based on Cointegration and Error-Correction Modelling Techniques”, Applied Economics, Sayı: 33, pp:1045-1056.
  • CHEN, S. et al.; (2007), “The Relationship Between GDP and Electricity Consumption in 10 Asian Countries”, Energy Policy, Volume:35, Issue:4, pp:2611-2621.
  • CHONTANAWAT, J. et al.; (2006), “Causality Between Energy
  • Consumption and GDP: Evidence From 30 OECD and 78 Non- OECD Countries”, Surrey Energy Economics Discussion Pa- per Series, 113. ÇAĞLAYAN, Ebru; (2006), “Enflasyon, Faiz Oranı ve Büyü- menin Yurtiçi Tasarruflar Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Marmara Üniver- sitesi İİBF Dergisi, Cilt:XXI, Sayı:I, ss:423-438.
  • DEKTMK, (2014a), “Genel Enerji Denge Tabloları”.
  • DEKTMK, (2014b), “Enerji Raporu - 2013”, Ankara.
  • DÜNYA BANKASI, (2014), “World Development Indica- tors-2014”.
  • FERGUSON, R. et al.; (2000), “Electricity Use and Economic
  • Development”, Energy Policy, Volume:28, Issue:13, pp:923- HOSSAİN, Md. Sharif; (2011), “Panel Estimation for CO2 Emis- sions, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Trade Open- ness and Urbanization of Newly Industrialized Countries”, En- ergy Policy, Volume:39, Issue:11, pp:6991-6999.
  • GÜVENEK, B. ve Volkan ALPTEKİN; (2010), “Enerji Tüketimi ve Büyüme İlişkisi: OECD Ülkelerine İlişkin Bir Panel Veri Ana- lizi”, Enerji, Piyasa ve Düzenleme, Cilt:1, Sayı:2, ss:172-193.
  • IEA, (2014a), “Key World Energy Statistics”, OECD/IEA, Paris.
  • IEA, (2014b), “CO2 Emissions From Fuel Combustion”, OECD/ IEA, Paris.
  • KRAFT, J. and Arthur KRAFT; (1978), “On the Relationship
  • Between Energy and GNP”, Journal Energy Development”, pp:401-403. LEE, Chien-Chiang; (2005), “Energy Consumption and GDP in
  • Developing Countries: A Cointegrated Panel Analysis”, Energy Economics, Volume:27, pp:415-427. MEHRARA, Mohsen; (2007), “Energy Consumption and Eco- nomic Growth: The Case of Oil Exporting Countries”, Energy
  • Policy, Volume:35, Issue:5, pp:2939-2945.
  • NARAYAN, P. and Russell SMYTH; (2006), “What Determines
  • Migration Flows From Low-Income To High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation of Fiji-US Migration: 1972-2001”
  • Economic Policy, Volume: 24(2), pp: 332-342. NASREEN, S. and Sofia ANWAR; (2014). “Causal Relation- ship Between Trade Openness, Economic Growth and Energy
  • Consumption: A Panel Data Analysis of Asian Countries”, En- ergy Policy, Volume:69, pp:82-91. PESARAN, M.H. et al.; (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econo- metrics, Vol: 16, pp: 289-326.
  • SADORSKY, Perry; (2012), “Energy Consumption, Output and Trade in South America”, Energy Economics, Volume:34, Is- sue:2, pp:476-488.
  • SARI, R. and Uğur SOYTAŞ; (2003), “Energy Consumption and GDP: Causality Relationship in G-7 Countries and Emerg- ing Markets”, Energy Economics , Volume:25, pp:33-37.
  • SBİA, R. et al.; (2014), “A Contrubition of Foreign Direct In- vestment, Clean Energy, Trade Openness, Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth to Energy Demand in UAE”, Economic Modelling, Volume:36, pp:191-197.
  • SHAHBAZ, M. et al.; (2014), “Causality Between Trade Open- ness and Energy Consumption: What Causes What in High
  • Middle and Low Income Countries”, Energy Policy, Volume:70, pp:126-143. STERN, David; (1993), “Energy and Economic Growth in the USA: A Multivariate Approach”, Energy Economics, Volume:15, Issue:2, pp:137-150.
  • ŞENGÜL, S. ve İsmail TUNCER; (2006), “Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme: 1960- 2000”, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans, Mayıs, ss: 69- 80.
  • UTKULU, U. ve Hakan KAHYAOĞLU; (2005), “Ticari ve Fi- nansal Açıklık Türkiye’de Büyümeyi Ne Yönde Etkiledi?”, Tür- kiye Ekonomi Kurumu Tartışma Metni, 2005/13.

The Relationship Between Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Openness in Turkey: an ARDL Model

Year 2015, Issue: 605, 7 - 17, 01.07.2015

Abstract

The main objective of this study is determine the relationship between final energy consumption, economic growth and openness in Turkey. For this purpose, we tested a model using data for 1960-2013 period. All of the variables that we have used in this study do not have the same degree of stability. For this reason, we have applied the Bounds Test approach. As a result of the analysis, a cointegration relationship has been identified between final energy consumption, gross domestic product growth and openness. According to the long run ARDL Model (Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model) and the short run Error Correction Model, the relationship between final energy consumption and openness was statistically insignificant. But, a positive and statistically significant relationship between final energy consumption and gross domestic product growth exists in the long and short term

References

  • ABOSEDRA, S. and Hamid BAGHESTANİ; (1989), New Evi- dence On The Causal Relationship Between United States
  • Energy Consumption and Gross National Product, Journal of Energy and Development, 14 (2), pp: 285-292. AĞIR, H. ve Muhsin KAR; (2010), “Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Düzeyi İlişkisi: Yatay Kesit Analizi”
  • Sosyoekonomi Dergisi, Özel Sayısı, ss:149-175. ALTINAY, G. ve Erdal KARAGÖL; (2004), Structural Break
  • Unit Root and the Causality Between Energy Consumption and GDP in Turkey”, Energy Economics, Volume:26, pp:985-994. APERGİS N. and James PAYNE; (2010a), “Renewable Energy
  • Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries”, Energy Policy, Volume:38, Isue:1, pp:656- APERGİS, N. and James PAYNE; (2010b), “Energy Consump- tion and Economic Growth in South America: From a Panel Er- ror Correction Model”, Energy Economics, Volume:32, Isue:6, pp:1421-1426.
  • APERGİS, N. and James PAYNE; (2010c), “The Emissions
  • Energy Consumption, and Growth Nexus: Evidence From the Commonwealth of Independent States”, Energy Policy, Vol- ume:38, Issue:1, pp:650-655. APERGİS, N. and James PAYNE; (2009),“Energy Consump- tion and Economic Growth in Central America: Evidence from a
  • Panel Cointegration and Error Correction Model”, Energy Eco- nomics, Volume:31, Issue:2, pp:211-216. CHANG, T., et al.; (2001), “Energy Consumption, Employment
  • Output and Temporal Causality: Evidence From Taiwan Based on Cointegration and Error-Correction Modelling Techniques”, Applied Economics, Sayı: 33, pp:1045-1056.
  • CHEN, S. et al.; (2007), “The Relationship Between GDP and Electricity Consumption in 10 Asian Countries”, Energy Policy, Volume:35, Issue:4, pp:2611-2621.
  • CHONTANAWAT, J. et al.; (2006), “Causality Between Energy
  • Consumption and GDP: Evidence From 30 OECD and 78 Non- OECD Countries”, Surrey Energy Economics Discussion Pa- per Series, 113. ÇAĞLAYAN, Ebru; (2006), “Enflasyon, Faiz Oranı ve Büyü- menin Yurtiçi Tasarruflar Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Marmara Üniver- sitesi İİBF Dergisi, Cilt:XXI, Sayı:I, ss:423-438.
  • DEKTMK, (2014a), “Genel Enerji Denge Tabloları”.
  • DEKTMK, (2014b), “Enerji Raporu - 2013”, Ankara.
  • DÜNYA BANKASI, (2014), “World Development Indica- tors-2014”.
  • FERGUSON, R. et al.; (2000), “Electricity Use and Economic
  • Development”, Energy Policy, Volume:28, Issue:13, pp:923- HOSSAİN, Md. Sharif; (2011), “Panel Estimation for CO2 Emis- sions, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Trade Open- ness and Urbanization of Newly Industrialized Countries”, En- ergy Policy, Volume:39, Issue:11, pp:6991-6999.
  • GÜVENEK, B. ve Volkan ALPTEKİN; (2010), “Enerji Tüketimi ve Büyüme İlişkisi: OECD Ülkelerine İlişkin Bir Panel Veri Ana- lizi”, Enerji, Piyasa ve Düzenleme, Cilt:1, Sayı:2, ss:172-193.
  • IEA, (2014a), “Key World Energy Statistics”, OECD/IEA, Paris.
  • IEA, (2014b), “CO2 Emissions From Fuel Combustion”, OECD/ IEA, Paris.
  • KRAFT, J. and Arthur KRAFT; (1978), “On the Relationship
  • Between Energy and GNP”, Journal Energy Development”, pp:401-403. LEE, Chien-Chiang; (2005), “Energy Consumption and GDP in
  • Developing Countries: A Cointegrated Panel Analysis”, Energy Economics, Volume:27, pp:415-427. MEHRARA, Mohsen; (2007), “Energy Consumption and Eco- nomic Growth: The Case of Oil Exporting Countries”, Energy
  • Policy, Volume:35, Issue:5, pp:2939-2945.
  • NARAYAN, P. and Russell SMYTH; (2006), “What Determines
  • Migration Flows From Low-Income To High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation of Fiji-US Migration: 1972-2001”
  • Economic Policy, Volume: 24(2), pp: 332-342. NASREEN, S. and Sofia ANWAR; (2014). “Causal Relation- ship Between Trade Openness, Economic Growth and Energy
  • Consumption: A Panel Data Analysis of Asian Countries”, En- ergy Policy, Volume:69, pp:82-91. PESARAN, M.H. et al.; (2001), “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econo- metrics, Vol: 16, pp: 289-326.
  • SADORSKY, Perry; (2012), “Energy Consumption, Output and Trade in South America”, Energy Economics, Volume:34, Is- sue:2, pp:476-488.
  • SARI, R. and Uğur SOYTAŞ; (2003), “Energy Consumption and GDP: Causality Relationship in G-7 Countries and Emerg- ing Markets”, Energy Economics , Volume:25, pp:33-37.
  • SBİA, R. et al.; (2014), “A Contrubition of Foreign Direct In- vestment, Clean Energy, Trade Openness, Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth to Energy Demand in UAE”, Economic Modelling, Volume:36, pp:191-197.
  • SHAHBAZ, M. et al.; (2014), “Causality Between Trade Open- ness and Energy Consumption: What Causes What in High
  • Middle and Low Income Countries”, Energy Policy, Volume:70, pp:126-143. STERN, David; (1993), “Energy and Economic Growth in the USA: A Multivariate Approach”, Energy Economics, Volume:15, Issue:2, pp:137-150.
  • ŞENGÜL, S. ve İsmail TUNCER; (2006), “Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme: 1960- 2000”, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans, Mayıs, ss: 69- 80.
  • UTKULU, U. ve Hakan KAHYAOĞLU; (2005), “Ticari ve Fi- nansal Açıklık Türkiye’de Büyümeyi Ne Yönde Etkiledi?”, Tür- kiye Ekonomi Kurumu Tartışma Metni, 2005/13.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mustafa Özçağ

Publication Date July 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Issue: 605

Cite

APA Özçağ, M. (2015). Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli. Finans Politik Ve Ekonomik Yorumlar(605), 7-17.
AMA Özçağ M. Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli. FPEYD. July 2015;(605):7-17.
Chicago Özçağ, Mustafa. “Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme Ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli”. Finans Politik Ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, no. 605 (July 2015): 7-17.
EndNote Özçağ M (July 1, 2015) Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli. Finans Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar 605 7–17.
IEEE M. Özçağ, “Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli”, FPEYD, no. 605, pp. 7–17, July 2015.
ISNAD Özçağ, Mustafa. “Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme Ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli”. Finans Politik ve Ekonomik Yorumlar 605 (July 2015), 7-17.
JAMA Özçağ M. Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli. FPEYD. 2015;:7–17.
MLA Özçağ, Mustafa. “Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme Ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli”. Finans Politik Ve Ekonomik Yorumlar, no. 605, 2015, pp. 7-17.
Vancouver Özçağ M. Türkiye’de Enerji Tüketimi, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Dışa Açıklık İlişkisi: ARDL Modeli. FPEYD. 2015(605):7-17.