Teoriden Eyleme: (Dijital) Dürtmelerin Çevre Yanlısı Davranışları Nasıl Etkilediğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

İnsanların çeşitli ortamlardaki gündelik eylemleri çevresel sorunlara yol açabilmektedir. Otomatik olarak gerçekleştirilen bu eylemler, geleneksel iktisatta göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu nedenle, çevre yanlısı davranışları tespit etmek ve anlamak çok önemlidir. Öte yandan, davranışsal iktisat bu tür davranışları etkileyen bilişsel kısıtlamalara ilişkin içgörüler sunmakta ve insanların sınırlı rasyonelliğini dikkate alan dürtmeler geliştirmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmada, davranışsal iktisattaki dürtmelerin sürdürülebilir bir dünya inşa etme ve çevre dostu davranışların temelini atma konusundaki önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda dürtmelerin dijital ortamlarda ortaya çıkan önemi incelenerek bu alandaki uygulamaları analiz edilmiştir. Kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılan bu çalışmada, çevre yanlısı davranışlar enerji tasarrufu, atık azaltma, geri dönüşüm ve sürdürülebilir tüketim olarak kategorize edilmektedir. Sürdürülebilir tüketim ise market alışverişi, seyahat kararları, moda ve makyaj tercihleri olarak ayrılmaktadır. Araştırma, birçok çevre yanlısı davranışın otomatik doğasını kabul ederek ve yaygın tutum-davranış farkını ele alarak, davranışsal iktisatın önemini belirgin hale getirmektedir. Sonuç olarak, hem geleneksel hem de dijital dürtmelerin etkisini araştıran bu çalışma, çevre yanlısı davranışların teşvik edilmesine ilişkin ampirik kanıtlara pratik bir yanıt sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çevre Yanlısı Davranışlar
• (Dijital) Dürtmeler
• Politika İncelemesi
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Literatür Taraması

From Theory to Action: Evaluating How (Digital) Nudges Influence Pro-Environmental Behaviors

Abstract

Everyday actions of people across various settings can lead to environmental issues. These automatically performed actions are overlooked in the traditional economics. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and understand pro-environmental behaviors. On the other hand, behavioral economics offers insights into cognitive constraints affecting these kinds of behaviors and develops nudges that take human beings' limited rationality into account. Therefore the study underscores the significance of nudges as empirical tools in behavioral economics for building a sustainable world and laying the foundation for pro-environmental behaviors. In this context, it examines the emerging significance of nudges in digital settings, analyzing their applications in this domain. Conducting an extensive literature review, this study categorizes pro-environmental behaviors as energy conservation, waste reduction & recycling, and sustainable consumption. Sustainable consumption is divided into grocery shopping, travel decisions, fashion & makeup choices. The research makes the importance of behavioral economics apparent by acknowledging the automatic nature of many pro-environmental behaviors and addressing the pervasive attitude-behavior gap. Consequently, by investigating the impact of both physical and digital nudges, this article offers a practical response to empirical evidence on promoting pro-environmental behavior responsible actions.

Keywords

• Pro-environmental behavior
• (Digital) Nudges
• Policy Review
• Sustainability
• Literature Review

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