Türkiye'de Tütün Tüketimini Şekillendiren Sosyoekonomik ve Demografik Faktörler: Sosyoekonomik ve Demografik Değişkenlerin Rolü ve Politika Önerileri

Öz

Tütün kullanımı, zararlı ve yaşamı tehdit eden sonuçları nedeniyle küresel ölçekte önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki bireyler ve hanelerden elde edilen sosyoekonomik, psikolojik, kültürel ve sağlık bilgilerini içeren kapsamlı bir veri seti kullanılarak sigara içme davranışı incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) tarafından yürütülen 2016 Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması verileri kullanılmıştır. Ülke çapında yapılan bu araştırma 15 yaş ve üzeri 17.242 bireyi kapsamakta ve detaylı sosyo-demografik, ekonomik, kültürel, sağlık ve psikolojik bilgiler içermektedir. Türkiye'de çeşitli faktörlerin günlük tütün kullanımı üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için Sıfır Şişirilmiş Negatif Binom (ZINB) modeli kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda yaş, eğitim düzeyi, sigaraya maruz kalma, kronik sağlık sorunları, yalnızlık, çalışma durumu, küçük çocuk sahibi olma, hane geliri, cinsiyet, depresyon endeksi ve hane büyüklüğü sigara tüketimini etkileyen önemli faktörler olarak belirlenmiştir. Hem sigara içmeye başlama hem de sigara içme miktarı bu faktörlerin karmaşık etkileşimi ile şekillenmektedir. Bulgular, sigara içme davranışının belirlenmesinde gelir, cinsiyet, aile yapısı, sosyal ilişkiler, yaş, eğitim ve sağlığın önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tütün Tüketimi
• Tütün Bırakma Politikası
• Sıfır Şişirilmiş Negatif Binom Regresyon (ZINB) Modeli

Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Shaping Tobacco Consumption in Turkey: The Role of Socioeconomic and Demographic Variables and Policy Recommendations

Abstract

Tobacco use is a major public health issue globally due to its harmful and life-threatening consequences. This study examined smoking behavior using a comprehensive dataset of socioeconomic, psychological, cultural, and health information from individuals and households across Turkey. The study utilized data from the 2016 Turkey Health Survey conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). This nationwide survey includes 17,242 individuals aged 15 and over, with detailed socio-demographic, economic, cultural, health, and psychological information. The Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) model was employed to assess the impact of various factors on daily tobacco use in Turkey. The analysis identified age, education level, exposure to smoking, chronic health issues, loneliness, employment status, having young children, household income, gender, depression index, and household size as significant factors influencing cigarette consumption. Both the initiation and amount of smoking are shaped by a complex interplay of these factors. The findings underscore the importance of income, gender, family structure, social relationships, age, education, and health in determining smoking behavior.

Keywords

• Tobacco Consumption
• Tobacco Cessation Policy
• Zero Inflated Negative Binomial Regression (ZINB) Model

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