The Dark Side of Renewable Energy: An Assessment in the Context of Environmental Quality and Energy Security

Abstract

Environmental quality and energy security are among the primary concerns of the modern world. The reliance on fossil fuels, which are inherently limited resources, to meet energy needs has paved the way for environmental degradation and energy security issues. Renewable energy has been widely regarded as a critical solution for eliminating the environmental damage caused by fossil fuels and meeting energy needs in an environmentally compatible and sustainable manner. However, over time, it has been recognized that renewable energies are not as harmless as initially thought, as they can have various adverse effects on the environment and pose distinct risk factors for energy security. Although the risks of renewable energy, both existing and potential, are highlighted in academic studies, it is observed that these risks have not been addressed from a broad perspective, particularly in the Turkish literature. Based on this, the study aims to identify the existing problematic aspects and potential risk factors of hydroelectric, wind, and solar energy systems in the context of environmental quality and energy security, considering their strategic importance, widespread use, and distinct dynamics. As a result of the evaluation conducted through literature review and document analysis, it has been observed that these types of renewable energy provide various benefits but also pose significant risks to environmental quality and energy security.

Keywords

• Renewable Energy
• Environmental Quality
• Energy Security

Yenilenebilir Enerjinin Karanlık Yüzü: Çevre Kalitesi ve Enerji Güvenliği Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Çevre kalitesi ve enerji güvenliği, modern dünyanın endişe duyduğu konuların başında gelmektedir. Enerji ihtiyacının ağırlıklı olarak kıt bir nitelik taşıyan fosil yakıtlardan karşılanması, çevrenin bozulmasına ve enerji güvenliği sorunlarının ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamaktadır. Fosil yakıtların çevre üzerinde yol açtığı tahribatı ortadan kaldırma ve enerji ihtiyacını çevre ile uyumlu ve sürdürülebilir şekilde karşılama noktasında ise yenilenebilir enerjiye büyük bir önem atfedilmektedir. Ancak süreç içerisinde yenilenebilir enerjilerin, sanıldığı kadar masum olmadığı, yani çevre üzerinde çeşitli olumsuz sonuçlar doğurduğu ve enerji güvenliği açısından farklı risk unsurları taşıdığı fark edilmiştir. Akademik çalışmalarda yenilenebilir enerjinin mevcut ve potansiyel risklerinin altı çizilse de özellikle Türkçe literatürde bunların geniş bir perspektiften ele alınmadığı gözlemlenmektedir. Buradan hareketle çalışmada; stratejik önem, yaygın kullanım ve farklı dinamiklere sahip olmalarından dolayı hidroelektrik, rüzgâr ve güneş enerjisi sistemlerinin çevre kalitesi ve enerji güvenliği bağlamında mevcut sorunlu yönleri ve potansiyel risk unsurlarının ortaya koyulması amaçlanmaktadır. Literatür incelemesi ve doküman analizi yöntemleri kapsamında yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda söz konusu yenilenebilir enerji türlerinin çeşitli faydaları bulunmakla birlikte çevre kalitesi ve enerji güvenliği açısından ciddi riskler taşıdığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yenilenebilir Enerji
• Çevre Kalitesi
• Enerji Güvenliği

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