Foreign Trade Intensity Analysis: The Analysis of Turkey and Selected Countries

Abstract

Trade has great importance in terms of shaping economic growth. In the world where the interaction between countries is increasing day by day, it has become a necessity for countries to go beyond their own borders. At this point, trade intensity has become an important concept in terms of determining market potential. In this study, trade intensity index, export and import intensity indices for the period 2010-2019 are calculated. Pakistan, Egypt, Morocco, Jordan and Tunisia are examined as selected countries with a Muslim majority. As a result of the index calculations, Egypt has been determined to have the most intense export and import relations with Turkey. However, it has been determined that the export intensity index value is high in Egypt, Morocco, Jordan and Tunisia. In Pakistan, it has been determined that there is less trade flow than expected in terms of exports.

Keywords

• Turkey
• Trade Intensity
• Export Intensity Index
• Import Density Index

Dış Ticaret Yoğunluk Analizi: Türkiye ve Seçilmiş Ülkeler Analizi

Abstract

Ekonomik büyümeye şekil vermesi açısından ticaret, büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ülkeler arası etkileşimin her geçen gün arttığı dünyada, ülkelerin kendi sınırlarının ötesine geçmesi zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Bu noktada, pazar potansiyelinin tespiti açısından ticaret yoğunluğu, önemli kavram haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, 2010-2019 dönemi için ticaret yoğunluğu endeksi, ihracat ve ithalat yoğunluğu endeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Nüfusunun çoğunluğu Müslüman olan seçilmiş ülkeler olarak Pakistan, Mısır, Fas, Ürdün ve Tunus incelenmiştir. Endeks hesaplamaları sonucunda, Türkiye ile en yoğun ihracat ve ithalat ilişkisi olan ülkenin, Mısır olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte Mısır, Fas, Ürdün ve Tunus da ihracat yoğunluğu endeks değerinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pakistan da ise, ihracat açısından beklenenden daha az ticaret akışının olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Türkiye
• Ticaret Yoğunluğu
• İhracat Yoğunluğu Endeksi
• İthalat Yoğunluğu Endeksi

References

1. Akın, F. (2017). “Türkiye ve Seçilmiş İslam Ülkelerinin Makroekonomik Göstergelerinin Karşilaştirilmasi”. Kastamonu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 60-73.
2. Anand, A., & Garg, K. (2016). “A Study of India’s Trade Intensity with United Arab Emirates: An Overview”. International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computers, Kanpur, 1(1), 22-28.
3. Brown, A.J (1949). Applied Economics: Aspects of World Economy in War and Peace. London: George Allen and Unwin, London.
4. Chandran, S. (2010). “Trade Complementarity and Similarity between India and ASEAN Countries in the Context of the RTA”. MPRA Paper No. 29279.
5. Edmonds, C., & Li, Y. (2010). “A New Perspective on China Trade Growth: Application of A New Index of Bilateral Trade Intensity”. Honolulu: University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Economics, Working Papers, 201025.
6. Ersun, N., & Arslan, K. (2010). “İslam Ülkeleri Arasındaki Ticaretin Geliştirilmesinde "Çok Taraflı Kliring Birliği" Projesinin Rolü ve Önemi”. Journal of Accounting & Finance, (48), 172-190.
7. Kim, S. J. (2009). Changes in Trade Intensity Between Korea and Her Major Trading Countries in the Manufacturing Sector. http://www.waseda.jp/assoc-jsie-2007/seung-jin-kim-thesis.pdf, [Accessed 19.12.2020].
8. Kojima, K. (1964). “The pattern of international trade among advanced countries”. Hitotsuboshi Journal of Economics, 5 (1).

9. Kumar, R. (2018). “India’s Foreign Trade With U.S.A.–A Study Based on Trade Intensity & Reciprocity Index”. International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences, 8(4), 116-129.
10. Kunimoto, K. (1977). "Typology of Trade Intensity Indices”, Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, 17(2), 15-32.
11. Maryam, J., Banday, U. J., & Mittal, A. (2018). “Trade Intensity and Revealed Comparative Advantage: An Analysis of Intra-BRICS Trade”. International Journal of Emerging Markets,13(5),116-129.
12. Mazlan, H., Hassan, A., Azman-Saini, W. N. W., Yusof, R. N. R., & Awang, K. W. (2018). “A Measure of Trade Intensity and Country Market Potential”. International Journal of Economics & Management, 12(2), 585-605.
13. Sadhna, S. M. (2020). “Potential And Prospects of India’s Trade With Japan: A Quantitative Analysis”, Journal of Economic and Social Research, 19(1), 65-72.
14. Sahib, A. S. A., & Kari, F. (2012). “Analysis of Intensity of Intra-Regional Trade in GCC Countries1998-2008”. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 3(3), 204.
15. Shakur, S., & Tsang, C. Y. (2017). New Zealand’s Trade Prospects in an Uncertain Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Environment: Results from Gravity Model. https://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/13371, [Accessed 19.12.2020].
16. Şimşek, N., Şimşek, H. A., & Zhanaltay, Z. (2017). “Analysis of Bilateral Trade Relations Between Turkey and Russia Federation”. Bilig, 83, 1-26.
17. United Nations Comtrade Database, (2020). https://comtrade.un.org/data/, [Accessed 18.11.2020].
18. Vahalík, B. (2014). “Regional Bilateral Trade Analysis of The European Union, China and ASEAN”. Procedia Economics and Finance, 12, 709-717.
19. Wani, D.N.U.H (2018). “Trade Compatibility Between Afghanistan and India: An Empirical Evaluation". Kardan Journal of Economics and Management Sciences, 1(1), 18-26.
20. Wei, X., & Tian, Z. (2018). An Analysis of Competitiveness and Complementarity between China and Guinea Trade under the" The Belt and Road" Initiative. In 2018 3rd International Conference on Humanities Science, Management and Education Technology (HSMET 2018). Atlantis Press.
21. Yamazawa, I. (1970). “Intensity Analysis of World Trade Flow”. Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, 10(2), 61-90.