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Behavioral Economics, Decision Making Processes, and Recommendations for Possible Implementations that may Affect Voting Behavior

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1599 - 1616

Abstract

Behavioral economics basically assumes an alternative assumption of human beings to the assumption of man of rational behavior models in the dominant understanding of economics. The human being of rational behavior models "homo economicus" can be defined as a coherent being, isolated from social relations, with an excellent analytical ability to make the best use of every piece of information, always pursuing self-interest (maximizing its own utility). Behavioral economics argues that this assumption is incorrect. It says that people have certain psychological tendencies and cognitive limitations that influence their decision-making processes. It argues that these tendencies and limitations make the homo economicus assumption invalid. This article focuses on behavioral economics, which criticizes rational behavior models and aims to analyze the individual decision-making processes that affect voting behavior using the methods and concepts of behavioral economics. To this end, the methods and concepts of behavioral economics are discussed in terms of what kind of insights they offer for understanding voting behavior and how they can be operationalized in influencing voting behavior, and the related issues are examined with concrete examples.

References

  • Asch, S. (1955) Opinions and Social Pressure, Scientific American, 193(5), 31-35.
  • Barros, G. (2010) Herbert A. Simon and The Concept of Rationality: Boundaries and Procedures, Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, 30(3), 455-472.
  • Huettel S. (2014) Behavioral Economics: When Psychology and Economics Collide, Virginia: The Great Courses.
  • Kırmızıaltın, E. (2018) Davranışsal İktisat, içinde İktisat Sosyolojisi Kurucu Düşünürler ve İktisat Okulları Özelinde Bir Çalışma, (Ed. A.A. Eren-E. Kırmızıaltın), Ankara: Heretik Yayın, 325-376.
  • Kırmızıaltın E. (2021) Davranışsal İktisat Kısa Bir Giriş: Kurucu Düşünürler, Ankara: Heretik Yayın.
  • Kahneman, D. (2003) A Perspective on Judgement and Choice Mapping Bounded Rationality, American Psychologist, 58(9), 697-720.
  • Kahneman D. (2013) Thinking Fast and Slow, US: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Kahneman D. and Tversky A. (1984) Choices, Values, and Frames, American Pshychologist, 39(4), 341-350.
  • Kuran T. and Sunstein, C. S. (1999) Availability Cascades and Risk Regulation, Stanford Law Review, 51, 683-768.
  • Mahsud N.H.K. and Amin H. (2020) Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Voting Behaviour: A Comparative Analysis, 3(3), 65-73
  • McSweeney, L. W. (2010) Introduction to A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice, Competition Policy International, 6(1), 239-240
  • Simon, H. A. (1957) Models of Man, Social and Rational: Mathematical Essayd on Rational Human Bahavior in Social Setting, US: John Wiley and Sons
  • Simon H. A. (1993) Alturism and Economics, The American Economic Review, 83(2), 156-161.
  • Stanovich, K. E. and West, R. (2000) Individual Differences in Reasoning Implications for the Rationality Debate?, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 645-726.
  • Thaler, R. (1980). Toward A Positive Theory of Consumer Choice, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1(1), 39-60.
  • Thaler, R. H. and Sunstein, C. D. (2008) Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth and Happiness, US: Penguin Books.
  • Tversky A. and Kahneman D. (1974) Judgement Under Uncertainity: Heuristics and Biases, Science New Series, 185(4157), 1124-1131.
  • Tversky A. and Kahneman D. (1981) “The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choices” Science New Series, vol.211, no.4481, ss.453-458.
  • Tversky A. and Kahneman D. (1986) Rational Choice and the Framing of Decisions, The Journal of Business, 59(4), (Part.2, The Behavioral Foundations of Economic Theory), 251-278.
  • Weirich, P. (2004). Economic Rationality, The Oxford Handbook of Rationality içinde, Ed. By. Alfred R. Mele and Piers Rawling, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 380-398.

Davranışsal İktisat, Karar Verme Süreçleri ve Oy Verme Davranışını Etkileyebilecek Uygulama Önerileri

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1599 - 1616

Abstract

Davranışsal iktisat, temelde, hâkim iktisat anlayışındaki rasyonel davranış modellerinin insan varsayımına alternatif bir insan varsayımında bulunur. Rasyonel davranış modellerinin insanı “homo economicus” tutarlı, sosyal ilişkilerden soyutlanmış, her bir bilgiyi en iyi şekilde değerlendiren mükemmel bir analiz kabiliyetine sahip, her zaman kendi çıkarı peşinde koşan (kendi faydasını maksimize eden) bir varlık olarak tanımlanabilir. Davranışsal iktisat bu varsayımın hatalı olduğunu iddia eder. İnsanların karar verme süreçlerini etkileyen belirli psikolojik eğilimlere ve bilişsel sınırlamalara sahip olduğunu söyler. Bu eğilimlerin ve sınırlamaların homo economicus varsayımını geçersiz kıldığını savunur. Bu makale, rasyonel davranış modellerini eleştiren davranışsal iktisada odaklanmakta ve seçmen davranışını etkileyen bireysel karar alma süreçlerini davranışsal iktisadın yöntem ve kavramlarını kullanarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, davranışsal iktisadın yöntem ve kavramlarının oy verme davranışını anlamaya yönelik ne tür öngörüler sunduğu, oy verme davranışını etkilemede nasıl işlevselleştirilebileceği konuları üzerinde durulmuş, ilgili konular somut örneklerle irdelenmiştir.

References

  • Asch, S. (1955) Opinions and Social Pressure, Scientific American, 193(5), 31-35.
  • Barros, G. (2010) Herbert A. Simon and The Concept of Rationality: Boundaries and Procedures, Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, 30(3), 455-472.
  • Huettel S. (2014) Behavioral Economics: When Psychology and Economics Collide, Virginia: The Great Courses.
  • Kırmızıaltın, E. (2018) Davranışsal İktisat, içinde İktisat Sosyolojisi Kurucu Düşünürler ve İktisat Okulları Özelinde Bir Çalışma, (Ed. A.A. Eren-E. Kırmızıaltın), Ankara: Heretik Yayın, 325-376.
  • Kırmızıaltın E. (2021) Davranışsal İktisat Kısa Bir Giriş: Kurucu Düşünürler, Ankara: Heretik Yayın.
  • Kahneman, D. (2003) A Perspective on Judgement and Choice Mapping Bounded Rationality, American Psychologist, 58(9), 697-720.
  • Kahneman D. (2013) Thinking Fast and Slow, US: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Kahneman D. and Tversky A. (1984) Choices, Values, and Frames, American Pshychologist, 39(4), 341-350.
  • Kuran T. and Sunstein, C. S. (1999) Availability Cascades and Risk Regulation, Stanford Law Review, 51, 683-768.
  • Mahsud N.H.K. and Amin H. (2020) Theoretical Approaches to the Study of Voting Behaviour: A Comparative Analysis, 3(3), 65-73
  • McSweeney, L. W. (2010) Introduction to A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice, Competition Policy International, 6(1), 239-240
  • Simon, H. A. (1957) Models of Man, Social and Rational: Mathematical Essayd on Rational Human Bahavior in Social Setting, US: John Wiley and Sons
  • Simon H. A. (1993) Alturism and Economics, The American Economic Review, 83(2), 156-161.
  • Stanovich, K. E. and West, R. (2000) Individual Differences in Reasoning Implications for the Rationality Debate?, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 645-726.
  • Thaler, R. (1980). Toward A Positive Theory of Consumer Choice, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1(1), 39-60.
  • Thaler, R. H. and Sunstein, C. D. (2008) Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth and Happiness, US: Penguin Books.
  • Tversky A. and Kahneman D. (1974) Judgement Under Uncertainity: Heuristics and Biases, Science New Series, 185(4157), 1124-1131.
  • Tversky A. and Kahneman D. (1981) “The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choices” Science New Series, vol.211, no.4481, ss.453-458.
  • Tversky A. and Kahneman D. (1986) Rational Choice and the Framing of Decisions, The Journal of Business, 59(4), (Part.2, The Behavioral Foundations of Economic Theory), 251-278.
  • Weirich, P. (2004). Economic Rationality, The Oxford Handbook of Rationality içinde, Ed. By. Alfred R. Mele and Piers Rawling, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 380-398.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Behavioural Economy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Eren Kırmızıaltın 0009-0009-4165-7379

Early Pub Date September 20, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date April 17, 2024
Acceptance Date August 22, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kırmızıaltın, E. (2024). Davranışsal İktisat, Karar Verme Süreçleri ve Oy Verme Davranışını Etkileyebilecek Uygulama Önerileri. Fiscaoeconomia, 8(3), 1599-1616.

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