Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering

Broadcast Content
The aim of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering is to serve as an interdisciplinary journal for the publication of high quality engineering studies. All published manuscripts, except editorials, are subject to a one-sided blind peer review process.

Purpose and Scope
The aim of the journal is to contribute to science by publishing high quality publications of scientific importance. For this purpose, original research articles, reviews and case reports in engineering sciences are published. Bioengineering, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Geomatics Engineering, Geological Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics Engineering, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Software Engineering is an independent, single-blind peer-reviewed, open access and online journal that aims to publish articles in all related fields. Manuscripts submitted from engineering fields other than these fields are evaluated by the editorial board according to their subject matter. Manuscripts should describe original data that have not been previously published or submitted for publication elsewhere. Manuscripts deemed suitable for the submission rules of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering and the scope of the journal are sent to at least three referees who are experts in their fields for scientific evaluation. The members of the Editorial Board of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering then take into account the comments of the referees on each submission. The final decision for all submitted manuscripts belongs to the Editor-in-Chief. The Editorial Board of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering is committed to comply with the criteria of International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) and Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Research Areas/Subject Categories
Engineering:
                       • Bioengineering
                       • Chemical Engineering
                       • Civil Engineering
                       • Computer Engineering
                       • Environmental Engineering
                       • Electrical and Electronics Engineering
                       • Geomatics Engineering
                       • Geological Engineering
                       • Mechanical Engineering
                       • Mechatronics Engineering
                       • Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
                       • Software Engineering
Keywords:

Publication Language
Full Text Publication Language:
• Primary Language: English

Content Written in English and Latin Alphabet:
• Article Title: Turkish & English
• Author Name: Turkish & English (in Latin Alphabet)
• Author Address: Turkish & English (in Latin Alphabet)
• Keywords Turkish & English
• Bibliography: English (in Latin Alphabet)
Full Text English (in Latin Alphabet)

Article Submissions
Submitted manuscripts must be appropriate to the purpose and scope of the journal. Original, unpublished manuscripts that are not in the evaluation process in another journal and whose content and submission have been approved by each author are accepted for evaluation.

Readership
The target readership is members of professions, specialists, researchers, specialty and doctoral students as well as students related to this field in all areas of health. It aims to contribute to the spread of continuous professional development and research culture.

Fee Policy
The publication of articles in the journal and the execution of article processes are not subject to any fee. No processing or submission fee is charged under any name for articles submitted to the journal or accepted for publication. Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering does not accept sponsorship and advertisement in accordance with its publication policies. All expenses of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering are covered by the Dean's Office of Fırat University Faculty of Engineering.

Copyright
The copyrights of the studies published in Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering belong to the authors. Authors give permission for the intellectual work they submit to be published by Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license.

Originality of Articles
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering does not accept papers previously published elsewhere.

Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering (FUJECE) is published to provide resources for the relevant fields of study. FUJECE is a multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, periodical and open access journal. The language of the journal is English.

Articles submitted for publication are evaluated by international reviewers. The articles are accepted for publication or rejected by the editors, taking into account the reviewers’ comments. The journal follows a single-blind peer-review process where the reviewers have access to the personal information of the authors, yet the authors do not have any access to the information about the reviewer(s). The authors are informed when a major (resubmission for review) revision or minor (correction required) revision is required for the articles that are not considered ready for publication upon initial submission according to the feedback of the reviewer(s). Articles that are not considered scientifically sufficient are rejected. The revisions requested from the authors should be completed within 30 days for major revisions and 20 days for minor revisions. Articles that fail to meet the revisions are rejected.

The articles submitted for publication should be written according to the article writing format of the journal. Articles that are not written in this way are not included in the printing order.Only the submissions to the journal’s website (https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/fujece) are taken into consideration. All responsibility for the submitted works belongs to the author. All authors are required to have ORCID ID numbers. The journal follows a single-blind peer-review process for the evaluation of the articles in order to ensure originality, relevance and readability.

Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering (FUJECE) publishes original “Research Articles,” “Reviews” and “Case Reports”.

Research Articles
Full-text articles that are prepared on the above-mentioned scientific fields and consistent with the purpose and scope of the journal are processed for publication. Research articles that present original research with findings and results while contributing to the related literature and science are deemed worthy of publication. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering (FUJECE) focuses on original scientific studies that are theoretical, computational and experimental in the fields of basic and applied sciences. It is recommended that the length of the article should not exceed 25 pages.

Review Articles
The language of the articles to be published in Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering (FUJECE) must be English. In review studies, a sufficient number of scientific articles should be covered. The subject should be summarized using current knowledge and technology. Evaluations should be made accordingly and the findings should be compared and interpreted together with the relevant literature. All developments in the fields of basic and applied sciences and techniques as well as applications in recent scientific studies can be reviewed. It is recommended that the length of the article should not exceed 30 pages. The minimum number of references should be 50 and at least 40% of these references should be the studies published within the last five years (taking the submission date of the article into account). The similarity rate should not exceed 30% for the whole article and 5% on a sentence basis.

Case Study
Case studies should bring innovations with a practical value, provide improvements superior to the available methods and emphasize these innovations and improvements clearly, directly and concisely.
Example:
The causes of and recommendations for workplace accidents and occupational diseases.

While submitting a manuscript to the JournalAgent system, authors should provide the contact information of AT LEAST THREE potential reviewers (from different institutions than the authors’) in the Reviewer Suggestion section, which is covered in Step 9 of the submission process. Accordingly, the Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to assign the manuscript to the suggested reviewers. The FUJECE manuscript template can be downloaded at Manuscript Template

Abstract
In this section a short abstract indicating the novelty and main findings of the work should be written. The text of the abstract should be written fully justified, in italics and 10 pt. The abstract should include approximately 100-250 words and should not contain any non-common abbreviations, citations, equations, symbols and expressions with subscripts or superscripts.

1. Introduction
Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering is an interdisciplinary journal covering the fields of basic engineering. Our journal aims to convey current scientific and technological developments in engineering sciences to the scientists, engineers and its readers. Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering publishes both experimental and theoretical studies in basic engineering, gives priority to the publication of articles on rapidly growing engineering fields, and aims to focus on interdisciplinary methods and technologies. This sample, which was prepared for the articles to be submitted to Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering, can be accessed from the website of the journal. Manuscripts should be prepared using MS-Word® 2007 and higher versions.

2. Page Layout and Style
The following rules should be followed for the page layout. This document is recommended as the template for the articles to be submitted according to the required conditions.

Basic Layout
The pages of the article should be prepared in A4 (210 × 297 mm) paper size. The top margin should be 30 mm, the left and right margins should be 15 mm. and the bottom margin should be 25 mm. The header and footer should be 15 mm. “Different Odd & Even pages” and “Different First Page” options should be selected for the header. The font type and size for the header should be Times New Roman and 8 points, respectively. The text should be written using English characters in Times New Roman with single-line spacing. The English title of the article should be written in Times New Roman font, 12 points, with only the first letter capitalized, centered and bold. The Turkish title should be written in Times New Roman font, 12 points, with only the first letter capitalized, with 1-line space left after the English title, and in centered and bold. One-line space should be left after the Turkish title. Author names should be written in Times New Roman font, centered and 10 points. Only the first letters of the names of the authors should be capitalized, and the surnames should be written in all capital letters. A 10 pt space should be left after the names of the authors. Address information of the authors should be given in the specified order, with each different address on one line. Address information of the authors should be written in 9 points. The e-mail addresses of the authors should be written in 9-point font size, according to the names of the authors, without any spaces under the address information of the authors. If there is more than one author with the same address information, e-mail addresses should be given in order of names. After the e-mail address, the ORCID numbers of the authors should be written by setting a 1-line space in 9-point font size. There should be a space of 9 points in font size between the ORCID numbers and the line containing the article date information. When the article is sent to the journal for the first time for evaluation, the author's information should be included. The abbreviations used in the article should be first given in parentheses after the concept represented by the abbreviation and only the abbreviated form should be given in subsequent uses.

Headings
Headings should be numbered. The first letter of all words should be capitalized in first-level headings and only the first letter of the first word should be capitalized in subheadings; all headings should be written using bold characters. A 1-line space should be left before and after the headings. Headings should be left aligned. The main heading of the article should be left aligned in 12-point font size. Second and third-level subheadings should be written in the same format as the main headings, being left aligned with 12-point font size. The text should not include a fourth-level heading.

Font
The main text should be in plain, justified and single-spaced "Times New Roman" font with an 11-point font size. Italic or bold font can also be used in special cases that require emphasis. The style specified as "Body" in the Style Gallery of this template should be used for the main text. Paragraph indentation should not be used. A single-spaced space should be left between paragraphs.

Equations
Each equation should be written on a separate line and numbered. Equations should be given in a 1x2 size table with hidden margins. The width of the first cell should be 90% and that of the second cell should be 10%. The formula in the first cell should be centered and the equation number in the second cell should be right aligned. The left and right margins of the cells should be reset. The equation editor in MS-Word® 2007 and higher versions of Microsoft Word should be used to write equations. Equation (1) is given below as an example. A 1-line space should be left before and after the equation.

y = mx +n (1)

The equation editor in MS-Word® 2007 and higher versions of Microsoft Word should be used in writing the equations given in the text or the variables used in the equation. The number and unit used in the text should be on the same line. The decimal separator should be a period instead of a comma in decimal numbers (for example, 3.5 instead of 3,5). For the thousands separator, the period should not be used. Commas or spaces can be used (1,000,000 or 1 000 000 or 1000000)

Figures
All figures should be centered with the column (or to the page if the figure spans both columns). Each figure should be numbered according to its order in the text. Figure captions should be centered below the figure. Each figure should have a number (e.g. Figure 1.) and a caption and should also be written in bold. For figure descriptions, which should not be bold, only the first letter of the first word should be capitalized. The texts in the figures and tables should be written using at least 10 points in font size. Besides, a 1-line space should be left between the figure and the text of the figure. The font size of this space should be 10 points.

Figures in the form of drawings or graphics should be drawn in a picture editing or graphics program, saved as an image file with a resolution of at least 300 dpi and then added to the relevant place in the text. Figures should not appear blurry. If any, the texts in the figure should be clear and the size of these texts should not exceed the size of the texts in the article. References must be given for cited or rearranged figures.

Figure 1. Earthquake record of İzmir station. (a) Acceleration, (b) Displacement response spectra

Tables
Table 1 is given as an example of a table. Depending on the purpose of use, some different tables can also be used. The table caption should be above the table. The style specified as "Caption" in the Style Gallery of this template should be used for the caption.

Table 1. An example table

The texts in the table should be written in "Times New Roman" with 10-point font size. When necessary, the font size can be reduced to 8 points. The equation editor in MS-Word® 2007 and higher versions should be used in writing the equations or the variables used in the equations.

The references to tables, figures and equations should be accompanied by their numbers as they are used in this template (ambiguous expressions such as “in the figure/table/equation below” should not be used). If you want to refer to more than one table, figure or equation at the same time, punctuation marks “,” and “-” can be used. Here, “,” defines the meaning of “and” and “-“defines the meaning of “range”.

Each figure, table and equation in the article should be cited before their use in the text.

Page Numbers
Page numbers should not be added to the article. Page headers and footers should not be used. Such arrangements are made by the journal authorities.

Other Guidelines
- There should be no space between “%” and the number. In English sections, the percentage sign (%) is used after the number (e.g. 23%).
- Suffixes to figure and table numbers should be written according to labial harmony.
- Suffixes to abbreviations written in lowercase are based on the pronunciation of the word. In suffixes to abbreviations written in capital letters, the reading of the last letter of the abbreviation is taken as a basis. However, in suffixes to abbreviations that are read like a word even though the abbreviation is capitalized, the reading of the abbreviation is taken as a basis.
E.g.
In ASELSAN, BOTAŞ, NATO, UNESCO, etc.
- Abbreviations in the text should be made according to the TDK abbreviation index.
- A figure and table should not be placed in different columns or pages with their captions.

3. Results
The Coordination Unit of Firat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering would like to thank all authors for preparing and submitting their articles according to this draft.

4. Acknowledgements
This section is optional. However, this section should not be left blank when the article is submitted for the first time. If the article is supported by any institution, project, person, etc., the relevant information can be specified in this section.

5. Author Contribution Statement
The contributions of the authors to the study should be briefly mentioned in this section. When giving contribution rates, the numbers of the authors should be used instead of author names (e.g. Author 1, Author 2). The contributions of the authors should be explained by considering the criteria required for the preparation of the article, such as forming the idea, the design, the provision of resources and materials, data collection, analyses, literature review, writing the article and critical review. If there is a person or institution that is not involved in the study as an author but contributed to the study, it can be specified separately in this section.
Example:
In the study, Author 1 contributed to forming the idea, making the design and literature review; Author 2 contributed to the analysis of the results, provision of the materials and examination of the results; Author 3 contributed to checking the spelling and checking the article in terms of content.

6. Ethics Committee Approval and Conflict of Interest
According to TR Index Journal Evaluation criteria, the ethics committee approval is required for the use of humans and animals in experimental or other scientific studies, clinical studies on humans, clinical studies on animals, retrospective studies according to the law on the protection of personal data, surveys, interviews, focus group studies, observations, experiments and all kinds of studies carried out with qualitative or quantitative approaches that require the collection of data from the participants by using interview techniques. If the data used in the study is of a type that requires the ethics committee approval document, it should be explained in this section and the ethics committee approval document should be submitted with the article.

If the publication of the study does not require any ethics committee approval, the following information note should be written:
“There is no need for an ethics committee approval in the prepared article”
Whether there is a conflict of interest in the article should be stated in this section. If there is a conflict of interest, information should be given about the relevant person/institution and the reason for the conflict of interest. If there is no conflict of interest, the following information note should be written:
“There is no conflict of interest with any person/institution in the prepared article”

7. References
References in the text should be numbered in square brackets. The reference list should be given at the end of the article, following the order of appearance in the text. If more than one publication is to be cited in the text, “,” meaning “and” and/or “-” meaning “all publications between” should be used. For example, writing [1], [2], [5] refers to publications 1, 2, and 5. Spelling [3-9] refers to all publications between 3 and 9, including 3 and 9. In this context, resources should be arranged as given below. Regarding the sources given below [1], [2] are reference examples for the articles published in peer-reviewed journals; [3], [4] for books; [5] for chapters in a book; [6], [7] for papers presented at symposiums/congresses/conferences; [8], [ 9] for theses; [10], [11] for reports/standards; and [12] for websites. The style named “Reference” should be used in the writing of the references. Each resource must end in the column/page in which it began. References should be written in 10-point font size with a single-line spacing.

Examples of resources are given below:

If the source is an article:
Each author’s; Surname (space) THE INITIAL(s) of the name(s) are written without a space (there is a comma between the authors and a point after the last author). In quotes “Title of paper”. Journal Name in italics (The abbreviation should not be used), volume(issue), page range, and year.

[1] Bennert T, Hanson D, Maher A. “Influence of pavement surface type on tire/pavement generated noise”. Journal of Testing & Evaluation, 33(2), 94-100, 2005.
[2] Yalçın M, Fırat R, Kaya M. “İndiksiyon fırında suni yaşlandırılan 6013 alüminyum alaşımın korozyon davranışının incelenmesi”. Fırat Üniversitesi Deneysel ve Hesaplamalı Mühendislik Dergisi, 20(1), 25-30, 2014.

If the source is a book:
Each author’s; Surname (space) THE INITIAL(s) of the name(s) are written without a space (there is a comma between the authors and a point after the last author). Title of Book in italics. Edition number (if present). Pressed city/state, country, publisher, and year of publication.

[3] Haupt RL, Haupt SE. Practical Genetic Algorithms. 2nd ed. New York, USA, Wiley, 2004.
[4] Ostwald PF ve Munoz J. Manufacturing Processes and Materials. New York, USA, John Wiley & Sons, 1997.

If the source is a chapter from the book:
Chapter/Section Author(s)’; Surname (space) THE INITIAL(s) of the name(s) are written without a space (there is a comma between the authors and a point after the last author). Title of Chapter/Section in italics. Editor(s): (in Turkish Editör(ler):) Each Editor’s; Surname (space) THE INITIAL(s) of the name(s) are written without a space (there is a comma between the editors and a point after the last editor). Title of Book, page range of chapter/section, pressed city/state, country, publisher, and year.

[5] Garcia JH, Erik L, Norces R, Bauer T. Automated Statistical Testing for Embedded Systems. Editors: Zander J, Schieferdecker I, Mosterman PJ. Model-Based Testing for Embedded Systems, 111–146, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, CRC Press, 2012.

If the source is a proceeding taken from the congress:
Each author’s; Surname (space) THE INITIAL(s) of the name(s) are written without a space (there is a comma between the authors and a point after the last author). In quotes “Title of paper”. Conference/Symposium/Congress’ Name in italics, city/state, country, date range.

[6] Lu SAH, Garcia AH. “Digital boundary controller for single-phase grid-connected CSI”. IEEE 2008 Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Rhodes, Greece,112-119, 15–19 June 2008.
[7] Yetkin B, Önöz B, Yalçın B, Tunç O, Kalın M. “Üç Farklı Elostomer katkılı Bağlayıcıların Reolojik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması”. Beşinci Ulusal Ulaştırma Kongresi, İstanbul, Türkiye, 10-211, 12-14 Eylül 2017.

If the source is a printed thesis:
Author’s; Surname (space) THE INITIAL(s) of the name(s) are written without a space. Title of thesis. Type of thesis (MSc Thesis/PhD Thesis/Dissertation), Name of University, city/state, country, year.

[8] Boynukalın Z. Emotion Analysis of Turkish Texts by Using Machine Learning Methods. MSc Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, 2012.
[9] Ceylan H. Şehir İçi Ulaşım Ağlarının Armoni Araştırması Optimizasyon Tekniği ile Tasarımı. Doktora Tezi, Fırat Üniversitesi, Denizli, Türkiye, 2009.

If the source is a report/standard:
Each author’s; Surname (space) THE INITIAL(s) of the name(s) are written without a space (there is a comma between the authors and a point after the last author) or (If the report/standard is written by an institution, Name of Institution). In quotes “Title of Report/Standard”. (if present) Department Name, Name of Institution (If the report/standard is written by an institution, the name of the institution don't need to be written again), city/state, country, (if present) type of report/standard, report/standard number, year.

[10] Erik P, Lupatkin WL. “V-line Surface-Wave Radiation and Scanning”. Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA, Scientific Report, 85, 1991.
[11] Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı. “Devlet Yardımlarını Değerlendirme Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu”. Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, Ankara, Türkiye, 2681, 2004.

If the source is taken from a source website:

The name of the organization/person the web page belongs to. In quotes “Title of page”. The internet address of the page (Access date (day.month.year)).
[12] T.C. Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı. “Türk Gıda Kodeksi Et ve Et Ürünleri Tebliği”. http://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/Metin.Aspx?MevzuatKod=9.5.16821&MevzuatIliski=0&sourceXmlSearch=et%20%C3%BCr%C3%BCnleri (21.12.2014).

Appendix
Appendices should be given at the end by classifying them. Appendices can start on a separate page as needed.
Please click here to see the detailed Rules of Writing.

Publication Ethics Principles
Publication Ethics can be defined as a self-regulatory mechanism that insists on integrity on behalf of authors, reviewers and publishers to establish higher standards of editorial processing. Ethical standards for publication exist to ensure high-quality scientific publications, public trust in scientific findings, and respect for people's opinions.
• Honest researchers do not plagiarize.
• They do not misattribute sources.
• They do not hide objections they cannot refute.
• They do not distort opposing views.
• They do not destroy or hide data.

Peer-reviewed studies are studies that support and actualize the scientific method. At this point, it is of great importance that all parties involved in the publication process (authors, readers and researchers, publisher, referees and editors) comply with ethical principles. Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering adheres to national and international standards in research and publication ethics. It complies with the Press Law, the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works and the Directive on Scientific Research and Publication Ethics of Higher Education Institutions. Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering has adopted the International Ethical Publishing Principles published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME). It is also committed to abide by the decisions of the Turkish Editors' Workshop.
• Press Law (National Legislation)
• Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works (National Legislation)
• Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive (National Legislation)
• Transparency and Best Practice Principles in Academic Publishing (International Criteria)
• Turkey Editors' Workshop Decisions (National Criteria)

Replay
Republishing is the publication of the same article or substantially similar articles in more than one journal. The editor sends such an article back without review. The editor may then impose an embargo on the author who has attempted to republish for a certain period of time, make a public announcement in the journal in which the author has previously published (perhaps in a simultaneous announcement with the editor of the journal that published the previous article), or all of these measures together.

Simultaneous submission of the same work to more than one journal
Authors may not submit the same article to more than one journal at the same time. If the editor learns of possible simultaneous submission, he/she reserves the right to consult with the other editor(s) receiving the manuscript. In addition, the editor may return the manuscript without review or reject the manuscript without considering the reviews, or take this decision in discussion with the other editor(s) involved, and may decide not to accept submissions from authors for a certain period of time. It may also write to the authors' employers or take all of these measures together.

Control to Prevent Plagiarism
Plagiarism is presenting the ideas, methods, data, applications, writings, figures or works of others as one's own work in whole or in part without citing the authors in accordance with scientific rules.
Fırat University Experimental and Numerical Engineering journal scans all submitted manuscripts to prevent plagiarism. The papers submitted for review are checked for plagiarism using Turnitin & Ithenticate software. The similarity rate is expected to be less than 25%. The main measure of similarity is the author's compliance with the citation and citation rules. If the similarity rate appears to be 1%, but the citation and citation are not done properly, plagiarism may still be in question. In this respect, citation and quotation rules should be known and carefully applied by the author: Chicago
Plagiarism, duplication, false authorship/ denied authorship, research/data fabrication, article slicing, sliced publication, copyright infringement and concealment of conflict of interest are considered unethical behavior. All articles that do not comply with accepted ethical standards are removed from publication. This includes articles that contain possible irregularities or non-compliances detected after publication.

Forgery
Producing data that is not based on research, editing or modifying the work presented or published on the basis of untrue data, reporting or publishing them, and presenting a research that has not been conducted as if it has been conducted.
Falsifying research records and data obtained, showing methods, devices and materials that were not used in the research as if they were used, not evaluating data that do not comply with the research hypothesis, manipulating data and/or results to fit the relevant theory or assumptions, falsifying or shaping the research results in line with the interests of the persons and organizations supported.

Protection of Participants' Personal Data
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering requires that all research involving personal or sensitive data or materials relating to human participants that are not legally available to the public be subject to formal ethical review.

Handling Allegations of Research Misconduct
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Digital Engineering adheres to COPE's Ethical Toolkit for a Successful Editorial Process. The editors of Fırat University Experimental and Computational Engineering will take measures to prevent the publication of manuscripts in which plagiarism, citation manipulation, data falsification, data fabrication, and other research misconduct occur. Under no circumstances will the editors of Fırat University Experimental and Numerical Engineering Journal knowingly allow such misconduct to occur. In the event that the editors of Fırat University Experimental and Numerical Engineering are aware of any allegation of research misconduct related to an article published in their journal, they will follow COPE's guidelines regarding allegations.

Ethical Violation Notifications
Readers can send an e-mail to fujece@firat.edu.tr if they notice a significant error or inaccuracy in an article published in Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering or if they have any complaints about the editorial content (plagiarism, duplicate articles, etc.). We welcome submissions and will respond quickly and constructively, as they will provide an opportunity for improvement.

Correction, Retraction, Expression of Concern
Editors may consider publishing a correction if minor errors are identified in the published article that do not affect the findings, interpretations and conclusions. Editors should consider retracting the manuscript if there are major errors/violations that invalidate the findings and conclusions. Editors should consider issuing a statement of concern if there is a possibility of research or publication misconduct by the authors; there is evidence that the findings are unreliable and that the authors' institutions have not investigated the incident; or the potential investigation seems unfair or inconclusive. COPE and ICJME guidelines for correction, retraction or expression of concern are followed.

Publication of Studies Based on Surveys and Interviews
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering adopts the "Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" and "Code of Conduct for Journal Publishers" principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in order to provide ethical assurance in scientific periodical publishing. In this context, the following points should be followed in the studies submitted to the journal:
1) For research in all disciplines that require ethics committee approval (ethics committee approval must be obtained, this approval must be stated and documented in the article.
2) In studies requiring ethics committee approval, information about the permission (name of the committee, date and number) should be included in the method section and on one of the first/last pages of the article; in case reports, information on the signing of the informed consent form should be included in the article.

Special Issue Publication Policy
A special issue may be published once a year upon the request of the Editorial Board. Articles submitted for inclusion in the special issue are first subjected to a preliminary editorial review. Then they are examined for compliance with the journal's spelling rules and similarity screening is performed to prevent plagiarism. After these stages, they are taken to the peer review process where a one-sided blinded model is used.

Editorial Confidentiality Obligation
The editors of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering treat all submitted manuscripts as confidential documents, which means that they will not disclose information about a manuscript to anyone without the authors' permission. During the manuscript review process, the following people have access to the manuscripts: Editors, Reviewers, Editorial Board Members. The only time details about a manuscript may be passed to a third party without the authors' permission is if the editor suspects serious research misconduct.

Allegations-Suspicions of Scientific Misconduct
There are different definitions of scientific misconduct. Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering addresses these issues on a case-by-case basis while following the guidance established by major publication ethics bodies. If the editor suspects or alleges an ethical violation, they are obliged to take action. This duty extends to both published and unpublished articles. The editor should not simply reject articles raising concerns about possible misconduct. They are ethically obliged to follow up on alleged cases. The editor should follow COPE flowcharts where appropriate. Editors should first seek a response from those suspected of misconduct. If they are not satisfied with the response, they should ask the relevant employer or organization to investigate. The editor should make all reasonable efforts to ensure that an appropriate investigation into the alleged misconduct is conducted; if this fails, the editor should make all reasonable attempts to insist on a resolution to the problem. This is a laborious but important task.
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Digital Engineering follows COPE's Ethical Toolkit for a Successful Editorial Office. The editors of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering will take measures to prevent the publication of manuscripts in which plagiarism, citation manipulation, data falsification, data fabrication, and other research misconduct occur. Under no circumstances will Fırat University Experimental and Numerical Engineering Journal or its editors knowingly allow such misconduct to occur. If the editors of Fırat University Experimental and Numerical Engineering are aware of any allegation of research misconduct related to a paper published in their journal, they will follow COPE's guidelines regarding allegations.
Reviewers should inform the Editor if they suspect research or publication misconduct. The Editor is responsible for taking the necessary action following the recommendations of COPE.
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering is committed to follow the COPE flowcharts when faced with allegations of misconduct on the following or similar issues.
• What to do when republication is suspected
• What to do when plagiarism is suspected
• What to do when fabricated data is suspected
• What to do when requesting a change of authorship
• What to do when an undisclosed conflict of interest is suspected
• What to do when unfair or gift authorship is suspected
• What to do when an ethical problem is suspected in an article
• What to do when directly notified of a suspected ethical violation by e-mail, etc.
• What to do when a suspected ethical violation is announced via social media

Complaint Procedure
This procedure applies to complaints about content, procedures, or policies that are the responsibility of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering or our editorial staff. Complaints can provide an opportunity and incentive for improvement and we aim to respond in a prompt, courteous and constructive manner.
The complaint should relate to content, procedures or policies that are the responsibility of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering or our editorial team. Complaints should be emailed directly to fujece@firat.edu.tr and will be treated confidentially. The editor responds to complaints promptly. The editor follows the procedure outlined in the COPE flowchart regarding complaints.
Complaints are reviewed by the relevant member of the editorial team and, if not resolved, the following processes are followed:
• If this initial response is deemed inadequate, the complainant may request that the complaint be escalated to a more senior member of the journal.
• If the complainant is not satisfied, the complaint may be forwarded to the editor-in-chief.
• A full response will be provided within two weeks, if possible.
COPE publishes a code of practice for editors of scientific journals. This will facilitate the resolution of disputes with editors, journals and publishers, but only after the journal's own complaints procedures have been exhausted.

Appeal Process
We welcome serious objections to the evaluations made by editors and reviewers. If you feel that we have rejected your paper because we misunderstood its scientific content, please send an appeal message to our editorial team at fujece@firat.edu.tr. Do not attempt to submit a revised version of your article at this stage. If, after reading your appeal letter, we realize that your appeal is justified, we may invite you to submit a revised version of your manuscript. Your paper will then be resubmitted to the external reviewer process. Please include as much detail as possible in the appeal letter. Finally, we can only consider one appeal per article, so please take the time and effort to write a detailed letter to make your appeal clear - you have one chance, so use it well. We have found that prolonged deliberation over rejected papers is often unsatisfying for both authors and editors, so we do not process multiple appeals for the same study.

Conflicts of Interest
A conflict of interest occurs when professional judgment about a primary interest may be influenced by a secondary interest (such as financial gain or personal competition). We believe that we need to know the competing interests of the authors in order to make the best decision about how to handle an article, and that readers need to know them if we publish the article.
Any interest, financial or otherwise, that could cause one to be conflicted in one's work, significantly impair one's objectivity, or give an unfair advantage to any person or organization. All sources of financial support received during the conduct of the research and preparation of the manuscript and the role of sponsors in the study should be disclosed. If there is no source of funding, this should also be indicated. Examples of potential conflicts of interest that should be disclosed include consultancies, salaries, grants. Potential conflicts of interest should be disclosed at the earliest possible stage.
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering has a set process for handling submissions from editors, staff or editorial board members to ensure impartial review. Such submissions are first referred to other journals. If this is not possible, the author of the submission is suspended from the journal. These submissions are reviewed in a double blind process.
The editor should not be involved in decisions about manuscripts written by him/herself or family members. Furthermore, such a paper should be subject to all the usual procedures of the journal. The editor should follow ICMJE guidelines on disclosure of potential conflicts of interest by authors and reviewers.

Principles of Research Ethics
Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Numerical Engineering observes the highest standards in research ethics and adopts the international research ethics principles defined below. It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure that the manuscripts comply with the ethical rules.
• The principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be ensured in the design, review of the design and conduct of the research.
• The research team and participants should be fully informed about the purpose of the research, its methods and its anticipated potential uses, and the requirements and risks, if any, of participating in the research.
• Confidentiality of information provided by research participants and confidentiality of respondents must be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.
• Research participants should take part in the research voluntarily and should not be under any coercion.
• Harm to participants should be avoided. The research should be planned in a way that does not put participants at risk.
• Research independence must be clear and explicit; any conflict of interest must be stated.
• In experimental studies with human subjects, the written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. Consent must be obtained from the legal guardian of children and those under guardianship or with a confirmed mental illness.
• If the study will be conducted in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization that the study will be conducted.
• In studies with a human element, it should be stated in the "method" section that "informed consent" has been obtained from the participants and ethics committee approval has been obtained from the institution where the study is conducted.

All expenses of Fırat University Journal of Experimental and Computational Engineering are covered by the publisher. The publication of articles in the journal and the execution of article processes are not subject to any fee. No processing fee or submission fee is charged under any name for articles submitted to the journal or accepted for publication.