COVID-19 Sonrası Doğaya Kaçan Turistlere Yerel Halkın Tepkileri: Bungalov Konaklaması Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Year 2024,
, 294 - 306, 30.10.2024
Ümit Şengel
,
Eyüp Ağar
,
Zeynep Öztor
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, pandemi sonrası turistlerin doğaya kaçmak için tercih ettiği bir konaklama türü olarak ilçede önemli sayılara ulaşan Bungalovlar ve burada konaklayan turistlere yönelik kamuoyunun tepkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak anket tercih edilmiştir. Örneklemede kolayda örnekleme tekniği tercih edilmiş olup, veri toplama sürecinde Sapanca'da 443 anket toplanmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre, yerel halk pandemi sonrası artan turistlerin doğaya kaçış davranışlarını ekonomik katkıları açısından desteklerken, çevresel etkileri açısından eleştirmektedir. Bölgelerinde daha fazla bungalov yatırımı istemeyen yerel halkın çevresel kaygıları, ekonomik kazanımlarından daha fazladır. Çalışma, yerel halkın artan bungalov tipi konaklamalara yönelik tepkilerini ölçerken, COVID-19'un turizmde yarattığı gelişmelere rutin zamanlarda tepkiler olabileceği görüşlerini destekleyerek literatürdeki bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır.
References
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Employees and Bandung Bungalows). Solid State Technology, 63(4), 4158-4171
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- Chang, T. C. (2010). Bungalows, mansions and shophouses: Encounters in architourism. Geoforum, 41(6), 963-971.
- Cohen, E. (1982). Marginal paradises: Bungalow tourism on the islands of Southern Thailand. Annals of Tourism
Research, 9(2), 189-228.
- Coşkun, R., Altunışık, R. & Yıldırım, E. (2019). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
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- Durgun, A. (2021). Covid-19 sonrası Türk turizm sektöründe oluşabilecek fırsatlar ve riskler. Bartın Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(23), 79-95.
- Erkan, M. K., & Şengel, Ü. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on the hospitality industry financial practices. In COVID-19 and the Hospitality and Tourism Industry (pp. 338-349), Camberley: Edward Elgar Publishing.
- Gautam, V. (2023). Why local residents support sustainable tourism development?. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(3), 877-893.
- Kamata, H. (2022). Tourist destination residents’ attitudes towards tourism during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(1), 134-149.
- Kılıç, B., Aslan, H., & Gövce, M. (2020). Covid-19 sonrası turistik tüketim tutumu. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 19(COVID-19 Special Issue), 554-570.
- Kim, J. J., & Lee, C. J. (2022). A Tourist’s Gaze on Local Tourism Governance: The Relationship among Local Tourism Governance and Brand Equity, Tourism Attachment for Sustainable Tourism. Sustainability, 14(24), 2-19
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- Lawrence‐Zúñiga, D. (2010). Cosmologies of bungalow preservation: Identity, lifestyle, and civic virtue. City & Society, 22(2), 211-236.
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- Luzar, E. J., Diagne, A., Ecgan, C., & Henning, B. R. (1998). Profiling the nature-based tourist: A multinomial logit approach. Journal of Travel Research, 37(1), 48-55.
- McNeely, J. A. (2021). Nature and COVID-19: The pandemic, the environment, and the way ahead. Ambio, 50(4), 767-781.
- Migas, N., Anastasiadou, C., & Stirling, A. (2008). Individualized tourism brochures as a novel approach to mass customization. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 17(1-2), 237-257.
- Mugauina, R., Rey, I. Y., Sabirova, R., Rakhisheva, A. B., Berstembayeva, R., Beketova, K. N., & Zhansagimova, A. (2021). Development of rural tourism after the coronavirus pandemic. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 11(8), 2020-2027.
- Neuburger, L., & Egger, R. (2021). Travel risk perception and travel behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020: A case study of the DACH region. Current issues in tourism, 24(7), 1003-1016.
- Nguyen, L. P., & Nguyen, H. T. (2021). Factors impacting tourism demand: An analysis of 10 ASEAN countries. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(1), 385-393.
- Ötügen, E. (2010). Eco tourism and caravan tourism. International Symposium on the Biology of Rare and Endemic Plant Species. Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi
- Özdemir, M. A. (2020). Covıd-19 salgını sonrası alınan önlemlerle turizm: Muhtemel senaryolar. Journal of Recreation and Tourism Research, 7(2), 222-238.
- Reed, M. S., Fraser, E. D., & Dougill, A. J. (2006). An adaptive learning process for developing and applying sustainability indicators with local communities. Ecological economics, 59(4), 406-418.
- Sánchez-Sánchez, F. J., & Sánchez-Sánchez, A. M. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on camping tourism in Spain: A spatial approach to tourist destinations. International Journal of Environmental Research, 16(5), 94.
- Song, H., Kim, J. H., & Yang, S. (2010). Confidence intervals for tourism demand elasticity. Annals of Tourism research, 37(2), 377-396.
- Stone, L. S., Stone, M. T., Mogomotsi, P. K., & Mogomotsi, G. E. (2021). The impacts of Covid-19 on nature-based tourism in Botswana: Implications for community development. Tourism Review International, 25(2-3), 263-278.
- Swarbrooke, J., Beard, C., Leckie, S. & Pomfret, G. (2003). Adventure tourism: The new frontier. Burlington: Elsiver Science Ltd.
- Şengel, Ü. (2021). COVID-19 and “New Normal” tourism: Reconstructing tourism. Journal of Tourism & Development, (35), 217-226
- Şengel, Ü., Genç, G., Işkın, M., Çevrimkaya, M., Zengin, B., & Sarıışık, M. (2023). The impact of anxiety levels on destination visit intention in the context of COVID-19: the mediating role of travel intention. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(2), 697-715.
- Şengel, Ü., Genç, K., Işkın, M., Ulema, Ş., & Uzut, İ. (2020). Turizmde “Sosyal Mesafe” Mümkün Mü? Kamp ve Karavan Turizmi Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4), 1429-1441
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc. Publishing.
- Tanguay, G. A., Rajaonson, J., Lefebvre, J. F., & Lanoie, P. (2010). Measuring the sustainability of cities: An analysis of the use of local indicators. Ecological indicators, 10(2), 407-418.
- Untong, A., Ramos, V., Kaosa-Ard, M., & Rey-Maquieira, J. (2014). Thailand's long-run tourism demand elasticities. Tourism Economics, 20(3), 595-610.
- UNWTO. (2024). International tourism to reach pre-pandemic levels in 2024, UN Tourism Barometer, https://www.unwto.org/un-tourism-world-tourism-barometer-data, Erişim Tarihi: 05.02.2024
- Vaishar, A., & Stastna, M. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural tourism in Czechia Preliminary considerations. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(2), 187-191.
- Valentine, P. S., (1992). Review Nature- Based Tourism. Weiler and M. Hall (Eds.), In Special interest tourism, (pp. 105-127) London: Belhaven Press.
- Wilkinson, T., Coles, T., & Petersen, C. (2023). Mindful continuation? Stakeholder preferences for future tourism development during the COVID-19 crisis. Tourism Geographies, 25(8), 1893-1911.
- Wong, P. P., (1998). Coastal tourism development in Southeast Asia: relevance and lessons for coastal zone management. Ocean & coastal management, 38(2), 89-109.
- Yıldırgan, M. S., & Batman, O. (2022). Rekreaktif faaliyetlerin tamamlayıcı konaklama işletmeleri üzerindeki rolü: sapanca örneği. seyahat ve otel işletmeciliği dergisi, 19(3), 444-468.
- Yıldırgan, R., & Taşçıoğlu, H. (2023). A Research on Sustainable Tourism and Environmental Attitudes of Bungalow Managers in Sapanca. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 11(2), 969-990.
- Zengin, B., Colak, O., Cevrimkaya, M., & Sengel, U. (2023). Rethinking overtourism in the post-COVID-19 period: Is demarketing a solution?. Journal of Tourism Management Research, 10(1), 32-46.
- Zengin, B., Eryılmz, B. & Şengel, Ü. (2017). Turizmin sosyo-ekonomik etkilerinin algılanması: üniversite öğrencilerinin görüşleri üzerine bir araştırma. The Journal of Social Sciences Institute, IWACT’17 Special Issue(3), 29-40
- Zhu, H., & Deng, F. (2020). How to influence rural tourism intention by risk knowledge during COVID-19 containment in China: Mediating role of risk perception and attitude. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(10), 3514.
The Local's Reactions to Tourists Escaping to Nature After COVID-19: An Assessment on Bungalow Accommodation
Year 2024,
, 294 - 306, 30.10.2024
Ümit Şengel
,
Eyüp Ağar
,
Zeynep Öztor
Abstract
This study is aimed to determine the reactions of the public towards Bungalows, which have reached significant numbers in the district as a type of accommodation preferred by tourists to escape to nature after the pandemic, and the tourists staying here. Quantitative research methods were used in the study. A questionnaire was preferred as a data collection tool. Convenience sampling technique was preferred for sampling and during the data collection process, 443 surveys were collected in Sapanca. The study findings reveal that local people support the escaping to nature behavior of tourists, which increased after the pandemic, in terms of their economic contributions, but criticize them for their environmental impacts. The environmental concerns of the locals who do not want more bungalow investments in their regions are greater than their economic gains. While the study measures the reactions of the local people regarding the increasing bungalow-type accommodation, it fills a gap in the literature by supporting the views that there may be reactions at routine times to the developments caused by COVID-19 in tourism.
Supporting Institution
None
References
- Aminudin, N., & A. Jamal, S. (2020). Types of tourism: the travelogue of the greatest traveller. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(2), 497-506.
- Anggapradja, I. T., Kurnaepi, A., Finarianingrum, M., Sattvikka, A. A. S., & Anggraeni, S. A. (2020). The Effect of Non-Physical Work Environment (Covid-19) and Career Development on Retention (A Case Study of Hotel Ahadiat
Employees and Bandung Bungalows). Solid State Technology, 63(4), 4158-4171
- AP, A. R., Imron, D. K., & Pertiwi, C. (2020, December). Tourism village: Challenges and opportunities in new normal. In 6th International Conference on Social and Political Sciences (ICOSAPS 2020) (pp. 540-544). Atlantis Press.
- Arunmozhi, T., & Panneerselvam, A. (2013). Types of tourism in India. International journal of current research and academic review, 1(1), 84-88.
- Badavi, A. A., & Molchanov, V. M. (2020). Particularities of Formation of Architectural Typology of Small Hotels in the South of Russia. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 10(8), 1807-1818.
- Bahar, O., & İlal, N. Ç. (2020). Coronavirüsün (Covid-19) turizm sektörü üzerindeki ekonomik etkileri. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(1), 125-139.
- Belyakov, S. A., Eirikh, V. Y., & Stepina, I. O. (2020). Changing consumer behavior and marketing trends, changes after the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Computing and Information Technology, 3(25), 363-373.
- Brouder, P., Teoh, S., Salazar, N. B., Mostafanezhad, M., Pung, J. M., Lapointe, D., ... & Clausen, H. B. (2021). CONCLUSIONS: Reflections and discussions: tourism matters in the new normal post COVID-19. In Global Tourism and COVID-19 (pp. 281-292), London: Routledge.
- Brough, R., Freedman, M., & Phillips, D. C. (2021). Understanding socioeconomic disparities in travel behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Journal of Regional Science, 61(4), 753-774.
- Chang, T. C. (2010). Bungalows, mansions and shophouses: Encounters in architourism. Geoforum, 41(6), 963-971.
- Cohen, E. (1982). Marginal paradises: Bungalow tourism on the islands of Southern Thailand. Annals of Tourism
Research, 9(2), 189-228.
- Coşkun, R., Altunışık, R. & Yıldırım, E. (2019). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı, Sakarya: Sakarya Yayıncılık.
- Çavuşoğlu, F., & Kolbakır, E. S. (2023). Doğa temelli turizme katılan turistlerin seyahat motivasyonlarını ve yaşam doyumlarını belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25(1), 358-377.
- Durgun, A. (2021). Covid-19 sonrası Türk turizm sektöründe oluşabilecek fırsatlar ve riskler. Bartın Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(23), 79-95.
- Erkan, M. K., & Şengel, Ü. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on the hospitality industry financial practices. In COVID-19 and the Hospitality and Tourism Industry (pp. 338-349), Camberley: Edward Elgar Publishing.
- Gautam, V. (2023). Why local residents support sustainable tourism development?. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(3), 877-893.
- Kamata, H. (2022). Tourist destination residents’ attitudes towards tourism during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(1), 134-149.
- Kılıç, B., Aslan, H., & Gövce, M. (2020). Covid-19 sonrası turistik tüketim tutumu. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 19(COVID-19 Special Issue), 554-570.
- Kim, J. J., & Lee, C. J. (2022). A Tourist’s Gaze on Local Tourism Governance: The Relationship among Local Tourism Governance and Brand Equity, Tourism Attachment for Sustainable Tourism. Sustainability, 14(24), 2-19
- King, C., Iba, W., & Clifton, J. (2021). Reimagining resilience: COVID-19 and marine tourism in Indonesia. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(19), 2784-2800.
- Lawrence‐Zúñiga, D. (2010). Cosmologies of bungalow preservation: Identity, lifestyle, and civic virtue. City & Society, 22(2), 211-236.
- Lu, Y., Zhao, J., Wu, X., & Lo, S. M. (2021). Escaping to nature during a pandemic: A natural experiment in Asian cities during the COVID-19 pandemic with big social media data. Science of the total environment, 777, 146092.
- Luzar, E. J., Diagne, A., Ecgan, C., & Henning, B. R. (1998). Profiling the nature-based tourist: A multinomial logit approach. Journal of Travel Research, 37(1), 48-55.
- McNeely, J. A. (2021). Nature and COVID-19: The pandemic, the environment, and the way ahead. Ambio, 50(4), 767-781.
- Migas, N., Anastasiadou, C., & Stirling, A. (2008). Individualized tourism brochures as a novel approach to mass customization. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 17(1-2), 237-257.
- Mugauina, R., Rey, I. Y., Sabirova, R., Rakhisheva, A. B., Berstembayeva, R., Beketova, K. N., & Zhansagimova, A. (2021). Development of rural tourism after the coronavirus pandemic. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 11(8), 2020-2027.
- Neuburger, L., & Egger, R. (2021). Travel risk perception and travel behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020: A case study of the DACH region. Current issues in tourism, 24(7), 1003-1016.
- Nguyen, L. P., & Nguyen, H. T. (2021). Factors impacting tourism demand: An analysis of 10 ASEAN countries. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(1), 385-393.
- Ötügen, E. (2010). Eco tourism and caravan tourism. International Symposium on the Biology of Rare and Endemic Plant Species. Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi
- Özdemir, M. A. (2020). Covıd-19 salgını sonrası alınan önlemlerle turizm: Muhtemel senaryolar. Journal of Recreation and Tourism Research, 7(2), 222-238.
- Reed, M. S., Fraser, E. D., & Dougill, A. J. (2006). An adaptive learning process for developing and applying sustainability indicators with local communities. Ecological economics, 59(4), 406-418.
- Sánchez-Sánchez, F. J., & Sánchez-Sánchez, A. M. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on camping tourism in Spain: A spatial approach to tourist destinations. International Journal of Environmental Research, 16(5), 94.
- Song, H., Kim, J. H., & Yang, S. (2010). Confidence intervals for tourism demand elasticity. Annals of Tourism research, 37(2), 377-396.
- Stone, L. S., Stone, M. T., Mogomotsi, P. K., & Mogomotsi, G. E. (2021). The impacts of Covid-19 on nature-based tourism in Botswana: Implications for community development. Tourism Review International, 25(2-3), 263-278.
- Swarbrooke, J., Beard, C., Leckie, S. & Pomfret, G. (2003). Adventure tourism: The new frontier. Burlington: Elsiver Science Ltd.
- Şengel, Ü. (2021). COVID-19 and “New Normal” tourism: Reconstructing tourism. Journal of Tourism & Development, (35), 217-226
- Şengel, Ü., Genç, G., Işkın, M., Çevrimkaya, M., Zengin, B., & Sarıışık, M. (2023). The impact of anxiety levels on destination visit intention in the context of COVID-19: the mediating role of travel intention. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(2), 697-715.
- Şengel, Ü., Genç, K., Işkın, M., Ulema, Ş., & Uzut, İ. (2020). Turizmde “Sosyal Mesafe” Mümkün Mü? Kamp ve Karavan Turizmi Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4), 1429-1441
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc. Publishing.
- Tanguay, G. A., Rajaonson, J., Lefebvre, J. F., & Lanoie, P. (2010). Measuring the sustainability of cities: An analysis of the use of local indicators. Ecological indicators, 10(2), 407-418.
- Untong, A., Ramos, V., Kaosa-Ard, M., & Rey-Maquieira, J. (2014). Thailand's long-run tourism demand elasticities. Tourism Economics, 20(3), 595-610.
- UNWTO. (2024). International tourism to reach pre-pandemic levels in 2024, UN Tourism Barometer, https://www.unwto.org/un-tourism-world-tourism-barometer-data, Erişim Tarihi: 05.02.2024
- Vaishar, A., & Stastna, M. (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural tourism in Czechia Preliminary considerations. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(2), 187-191.
- Valentine, P. S., (1992). Review Nature- Based Tourism. Weiler and M. Hall (Eds.), In Special interest tourism, (pp. 105-127) London: Belhaven Press.
- Wilkinson, T., Coles, T., & Petersen, C. (2023). Mindful continuation? Stakeholder preferences for future tourism development during the COVID-19 crisis. Tourism Geographies, 25(8), 1893-1911.
- Wong, P. P., (1998). Coastal tourism development in Southeast Asia: relevance and lessons for coastal zone management. Ocean & coastal management, 38(2), 89-109.
- Yıldırgan, M. S., & Batman, O. (2022). Rekreaktif faaliyetlerin tamamlayıcı konaklama işletmeleri üzerindeki rolü: sapanca örneği. seyahat ve otel işletmeciliği dergisi, 19(3), 444-468.
- Yıldırgan, R., & Taşçıoğlu, H. (2023). A Research on Sustainable Tourism and Environmental Attitudes of Bungalow Managers in Sapanca. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 11(2), 969-990.
- Zengin, B., Colak, O., Cevrimkaya, M., & Sengel, U. (2023). Rethinking overtourism in the post-COVID-19 period: Is demarketing a solution?. Journal of Tourism Management Research, 10(1), 32-46.
- Zengin, B., Eryılmz, B. & Şengel, Ü. (2017). Turizmin sosyo-ekonomik etkilerinin algılanması: üniversite öğrencilerinin görüşleri üzerine bir araştırma. The Journal of Social Sciences Institute, IWACT’17 Special Issue(3), 29-40
- Zhu, H., & Deng, F. (2020). How to influence rural tourism intention by risk knowledge during COVID-19 containment in China: Mediating role of risk perception and attitude. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(10), 3514.