Basketbolda Fiziksel ve Motorik Özelliklerin Oyuncu Pozisyonları Arası Karşılaştırılması

Year 2022, , 375 - 384, 23.12.2022

Elif Cengizel , Çağdaş Özgür Cengizel

https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.1173282

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı; basketbolda fiziksel ve motorik özelliklerin oyuncu pozisyonları arası karşılaştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya pivot (n=11), oyun kurucu (n=39) ve forvet (n=29) oyuncu pozisyonlarından yetmiş dokuz erkek adolesan basketbolcu (ortalama yaşları sırasıyla, pivot: 14,9 ± 1,2 yıl, oyun kurucu: 13,9 ± 0,8 yıl, forvet: 13,7 ± 1,5 yıl) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırmada boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, 20m sprint, Illinois çeviklik testi, sıçrama testleri (yatay & dikey) uygulanmıştır. Oyuncu pozisyonları arası farklılıkların belirlenmesi için tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Varyans homojenliğini sağlayan ölçüm değerleri Tukey istatistiği ile değerlendirilmiştir (p<0.05). Bu araştırmada pivotların anlamlı yüksek boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığına; oyun kurucuların ise anlamlı en düşük boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların fiziksel özellikleri tüm oyuncu pozisyonlarında anlamlı farklı olarak tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Diğer yandan seçilen motorik özelliklerde oyuncu pozisyonları arası anlamlı fark bulunmamasına rağmen; forvetler en yüksek dikey sıçramaya, pivotlar en yüksek yatay sıçrama ve en iyi sürat performansına, oyun kurucular ise en iyi çeviklik performansına sahip bulunmuştur. Adolesan basketbolcularda oyuncu pozisyonlarına göre ayrışan bu fiziksel ve motorik karakteristiklerin antrenörlerin sporcu seçiminde rehber olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte pozisyonlar arası belirlenen motorik farklar, antrenman planlaması sırasında antrenörler için önemli bir gösterge olarak kullanılmalıdır.

Keywords

basketbol, pivot, oyun kurucu, forvet, motorik özellikler

Comparison of Physical and Motoric Characteristics by Playing Positions in Basketball

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare of physical and motoric characteristics by playing positions in basketball. Seventy nine male adolescent basketball players from center (n=11), guard (n=39) and forward (n=29) playing positions voluntarily participated in the study (mean age respectively, centers: 14,9 ± 1,2 years, guards: 13,9 ± 0,8 years, forwards: 13,7 ± 1,5 years). The body height, body weight, 20 m sprint, Illiniois agility test and jumping test (vertical & horizontal) were applied. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine the differences between the playing positions. Data which passed the equality of variance test were analyzed with Tukey statistics (p<0.05). It was found that centers had significant higher body height and body weight, guards had significant lowest body height and body weight. Physical characteristics of the participants were significantly different in all playing positions (p<0.05). On the other hand, although there was no significant difference between the playing positions in the selected motoric characteristics, the forwards had the highest vertical jump, the centers had the highest horizontal jump and the best speed performance, and the forwards had the best agility performance. It is thought that these physical and motoric characteristics, which differ according to playing positions in adolescent basketball players, will guide the coaches for the selection of athletes. However, the motoric differences determined between the positions should be used as an important indicator for the coaches during the planning training.

Keywords

basketball, center, guard, forward, motoric characteristics

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