Domates Suyu Takviyesinin Egzersizde HDL ve LDL Kolesterol Düzeylerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2021, , 55 - 62, 22.03.2021

Ragıp Pala , Nezihe Şengün , Leyla Sultan Gür , Eyyüp Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.830165

Abstract

Sporcularda domates suyu takviyesinin aerobik egzersizde HDL ve LDL kolesterol düzeylerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmaya, yaş ortalaması 20,21± 2,08 yıl olan, BKİ ortalamaları 20,98±2,61 kg/m² olan, değişik branşlarda ortalama 2,50±1,83 yıl spor yapan, sağlıklı 14 erkek sporcu katıldı. Sporculara, 21 gün aerobik egzersiz (10 dakika ısınma hareketleri, %70-80 şiddet aralığında 30 dakika koşu ve 10 dakika soğuma hareketleri) uygulandı ve her egzersiz sonrası 250 ml domates suyu içirildi. 22 ve 42 günler arası arınma dönemine alınarak sadece aerobik egzersiz uygulandı ve 250 ml domates suyu içirilmedi. Veriler, 42 günlük egzersiz öncesi ve egzersiz sonrasında farklılıkları ortaya koymak için SPSS paket programı yardımı ile bağımlı gruplar arası ortalamaların karşılaştırılması için kullanılan testler ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Shapiro-Wilk testi ile incelenmiştir. Verilerden normal dağılım gösterenler Bağımlı T testi ile normal dağılım göstermeyenler ise Wilcoxon testi ile analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Sporcuların serum HDL düzeylerinde artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,001). En yüksek HDL seviyesi egzersiz grubunda görülürken, en düşük HDL seviyesi kontrol gurubunda tespit edilmiştir. LDL düzeyleri egzersiz uygulaması ve egzersiz uygulaması ile birlikte domates suyu verilen sporcuların LDL seviyelerinde istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir düşüş olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,001). Sonuç olarak, aerobik egzersiz uygulanan ve domates suyu takviyesi yapılan sporcularda, serum HDL düzeylerinde artış, LDL düzeylerinde düşüş olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aerobik egzersiz ile birlikte domates suyu takviyesinin sinerjik bir etki göstererek HDL ve LDL kolesterol düzeylerini regüle ettiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Domates suyu, Aerobik egzersiz, HDL, LDL, Kolesterol

Investigation of the Effects of Tomato Juice Supplement on HDL and LDL Cholesterol Levels in Exercise

Abstract

The effects of tomato juice supplementation in aerobic exercise on HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were examined in athletes. In this study, 14 healthy male athletes who have been doing sports in different branches for an average of 2.50 ± 1.83 years and with a mean age of 20.21 ± 2.08 years, a mean BMI of 20.98 ± 2.61 kg / m², participated in this study. 21 days of aerobic exercise have been applied to athletes (10 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of jogging in the 70-80% intensity range and 10 minutes of cooling movements) and 250 ml of tomato juice was drunk after each exercise. By taking the washout period between 22 and 42 days, only aerobic exercises were applied and 250 ml of tomato juice was not drunk. The data were analyzed with the SPSS package program to reveal the differences before and after 42 days of exercise, with the tests used to compare the means between dependent groups. The compliance of the data to normal distribution was examined by Shapiro-Wilk test. While Dependent T test were used for analyze the normal distribution data, with those that did not show normal distribution data the Wilcoxon test were used. Statistical significance was accepted as p <0.05. It was found that there was an increase in the serum HDL levels of athletes (p <0.001). While the highest HDL level was seen in the exercise group, the lowest HDL level was found in the control group. A statistically significant decrease were determined in the LDL levels of the athletes who were given tomato juice supplementation with exercise and exercise application (p <0.001). As a result, it was determined that there was an increase in serum HDL levels and a decrease in LDL levels in athletes who were applied aerobic exercise and supplemented with tomato juice. It has been found that tomato juice supplementation with aerobic exercise has a synergistic effect and regulates HDL and LDL cholesterol levels.

Keywords

Tomato juice, Aerobic exercise, HDL, LDL, Cholesterol

References

• Agarwal, S., Rao, A.V. (1998). Tomato lycopene and low density lipoprotein oxidation: a human dietary intervention study. Lipids. 33(10), 981-984.
• Carroll, M.D., Kit, B.K., Lacher, D.A. (2012). Total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2010. NCHS Data Brief. 92, 1–8.
• Fuhrman, B., Elis, A., Aviram, M. (1997). Hypocholesterolemic effect of lycopene and beta-carotene is related to suppression of cholesterol synthesis and augmentation of LDL receptor activity in macrophages. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 233, 658–662.
• Hadley, C.W., Clinton, S.K., Schwartz, S.J. (2003). The consumption of processed tomato products enhances plasma lycopene concentrations in association with a reduced lipoprotein sensitivity to oxidative damage. J Nutr. 133, 727–732.
• Hininger, I.A., Meyer-Wenger, A., Moser, U., Wright, A., Southon, S., Thurnham, D., Roussel, A.M. (2001). No significant effects of lutein, lycopene or β-carotene supplementation on biological markers of oxidative stress and LDL oxidizability in healthy adult subjects. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 20(3), 232-238.
• Karvonen, M.J, Kentala, E, Mustala, O. (1957). The effects of training on heart rate: a longitudinal study. Ann Med Exp Biol Fenn. 35(3), 307-15.
• Kim, D.J., Kim, J.H. (2020). Effects of Lower Body Muscle Exercise on Blood Lipids and Homocystein. Medico Legal Update. 20(1), 2014-2019.
• Kodama, S., Tanaka, S., Saito, K., Shu, M., Sone, Y., Onitake, F., Ohashi, Y. (2007). Effect of aerobic exercise training on serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a meta-analysis. Archives of internal medicine. 167(10), 999-1008.
• Li, Y.F., Chang, Y.Y., Huang, H.C., Wu, Y.C., Yang, M.D., Chao, P.M. (2015). Tomato juice supplementation in young women reduces inflammatory adipokine levels independently of body fat reduction. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif). 31(5), 691–696.
• Nassef, Y., Lee, K.J., Nfor, O.N., Tantoh, D.M., Chou, M.C., Liaw, Y.P. (2019). The impact of aerobic exercise and badminton on HDL cholesterol levels in adult Taiwanese. Nutrients. 11(3), 515.
• Negri, R., Trinchese, G., Carbone, F., Caprio, M.G., Stanzione, G., di Scala, C., et al. (2020). Randomised Clinical Trial: Calorie Restriction Regimen with Tomato Juice Supplementation Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Preserves a Proper Immune Surveillance Modulating Mitochondrial Bioenergetics of T-Lymphocytes in Obese Children Affected by Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Journal of Clinical Medicine. 9(1), 141.
• Odai, T., Terauchi, M., Okamoto, D., Hirose, M., Miyasaka, N. (2019). Unsalted tomato juice intake improves blood pressure and serum low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level in local Japanese residents at risk of cardiovascular disease. Food Science Nutrition. 7, 2271–2279.
• O'Meara, J.G., Kardia, S.L., Armon, J.J., Brown, C.A., Boerwinkle, E., Turner, S.T. (2004). Ethnic and sex differences in the prevalence, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia among hypertensive adults in the GENOA study. Archives of internal medicine. 164(12), 1313-1318.
• Patnode, C.D., Evans, C.V., Senger, C.A., Redmond, N., Lin, J.S. (2017). Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Jama. 318(2), 175-193.
• Ried, K. (2011). Protective effect of lycopene on serum cholesterol and blood pressure: meta-analyses of intervention trials. Maturitas. 68, 299–310.
• Rossi, F.E., Fortaleza, A.C., Neves, L.M., Buonani, C., Picolo, M.R., Diniz, T.A., et al. (2016). Combined training (aerobic plus strength) potentiates a reduction in body fat but demonstrates no difference on the lipid profile in postmenopausal women when compared with aerobic training with a similar training load. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 30(1), 226-234.
• Sarzynski, M.A., Ruiz-Ramie, J.J., Barber, J.L., Slentz, C.A., Apolzan, J.W., McGarrah, R.W., Oda, M.N. (2018). Effects of increasing exercise intensity and dose on multiple measures of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) function. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 38(4), 943-952.
• Silaste, M.L, Alfthan, G, Aro A, Kesäniemi, Y.A, Hörkkö, S. (2007). Tomato juice decreases LDL cholesterol levels and increases LDL resistance to oxidation. British Journal of Nutrition. 98, 1251–1258.
• Tseng, M.L., Ho, C.C., Chen, S.C., Huang, Y.C., Lai, C.H., Liaw, Y.P. (2013). A simple method for increasing levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a pilot study of combination aerobic-and resistance-exercise training. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism. 23(3), 271-281.