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Implementation of Plyometric Exercises to Improve Throwing Velocity of Male Youth Baseball Players

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 310 - 327, 14.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.764381

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı altı haftalık üst ekstremite plyometrik egzersiz programının erkek genç beyzbol oyuncularının atış hızına etkilerini incelemekti. Bu çalışmada, üst ekstremite plyometrik grubu ile karşılaştırma grubu arasında karşılaştırma yapılan yarı-deneysel bir metod kullanılmıştır. Bir elverişlilik örneği olarak, iki belirli seviye takımdan rastgele 12 oyuncu (her takımdan 12-15) seçildi. Bu 12 oyuncunun 6'sı rastgele bir deney grubuna ve diğer 6'sı da bir karşılaştırma grubuna atandı. Deney grubu 6 hafta boyunca haftada iki kez yazarlardan en az birinin bizzat bulunduğu üst ekstremite plyometrik kuvvet antrenman programına ve haftada bir kez evde yapılacak ve bir velinin hazır bulunduğu ev egzersiz programına katıldı. Karşılaştırma grubu da kendi rutin antrenman programlarını tamamladılar. Tüm istatistiksel analizler SPSS (versiyon 16.0; Inc., Chicago IL) kullanılarak yapıldı. Araştırmanın üzerinde yapıldığı değişkenler için grup içi ve gruplar arası farklılıkları tespit etmek amacıyla bağımsız t-testi, Mann-Whitney testi ve iki adet Wilcoxon signed ranks testi kullanılmıştır. 6 hafta sonunda, karşılaştırma grubunun 0.59 mph’lik hızartışının, deney grubunun istatistiksel anlamda anlamlı sonuçlar veren 2.44 mph’lik hız artışıyla karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel anlamda anlamlı sonuçlar vermediği görülmektedir. Araştırmacılar, SAID prensibinde tanımlanan biyomekanik prensipleri kullanarak yapılan egzersizlerin, sporcuları kolun yukarıdan aşağı doğru inen atış sporlarında eğitmek için faydalı olabileceği sonucuna varmışlardır.

References

  • Baechle, T. R., & Earle, R. W. (2008). Essentials of strength training and conditioning: Human kinetics.
  • Carter, A. B., Kaminski, T. W., Douex Jr, A. T., Knight, C. A., Richards, J. G. J. T. J. o. S., & Research, C. (2007). Effects of high volume upper extremity plyometric training on throwing velocity and functional strength ratios of the shoulder rotators in collegiate baseball players. 21(1), 208-215.
  • Chu, D. A. (1998). Jumping into plyometrics: Human Kinetics.
  • Chu, D. A., & Shiner, J. J. S. s. r. R. D., ed. St Louis, MO: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. (2006). Plyometrics in rehabilitation. 233-246.
  • Finni, T., Ikegawa, S., Lepola, V., & Komi, P. J. A. P. S. (2003). Comparison of force–velocity relationships of vastus lateralis muscle in isokinetic and in stretch‐shortening cycle exercises. 177(4), 483-491.
  • Godfrey, R. J., Madgwick, Z., & Whyte, G. P. J. S. m. (2003). The exercise-induced growth hormone response in athletes. 33(8), 599-613.
  • Mahoney, D., Parise, G., Melov, S., Safdar, A., & Tarnopolsky, M. J. T. F. j. (2005). Analysis of global mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle during recovery from endurance exercise. 19(11), 1498-1500.
  • McEvoy, K. P., Newton, R. U. J. T. J. o. S., & Research, C. (1998). Baseball throwing speed and base running speed: The effects of ballistic resistance training. 12(4), 216-221.
  • Nikolaidou, M.-E., Rousanoglou, E. N., Bayios, I. A., Boudolos, K. D. J. I., & science, e. (2006). Athletic specialization of young males and relationships of elbow extensor and flexor muscular strength. 14(4), 307-315.
  • Pretz, R. J. S., & Journal, C. (2004). " Ballistic Six" Plyometric Training for the Overhead Throwing Athlete. 26(6), 62.
  • Schubert, M., Beck, S., Taube, W., Amtage, F., Faist, M., & Gruber, M. J. E. J. o. N. (2008). Balance training and ballistic strength training are associated with task‐specific corticospinal adaptations. 27(8), 2007-2018.
  • Schulte-Edelmann, J. A., Davies, G. J., Kernozek, T. W., & Gerberding, E. D. J. J. S. C. R. (2005). The effects of plyometric training of the posterior shoulder and elbow. 19(1), 129-134.
  • Vissing, K., Brink, M., Lønbro, S., Sørensen, H., Overgaard, K., Danborg, K., . . . Research, C. (2008). Muscle adaptations to plyometric vs. resistance training in untrained young men. 22(6), 1799-1810.
  • Widmaier, E. P., Raff, H., Strang, K. T., & Vander, A. J. (2008). Vander's Human physiology: the mechanisms of body function: Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • Wilmore, J. H., Costill, D. L., & Kenney, W. L. (1994). Physiology of sport and exercise (Vol. 524): Human kinetics Champaign, IL.
  • Wilson, J. M., Flanagan, E. P. J. T. J. o. S., & Research, C. (2008). The role of elastic energy in activities with high force and power requirements: a brief review. 22(5), 1705-1715.

Implementation of plyometric exercises to improve throwing velocity of male youth baseball players

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 310 - 327, 14.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.764381

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a six-week upper-extremity plyometric exercise program on throwing velocity of male youth baseball players. This study utilized a quasi-experimental design in which comparisons were made between an upper-extremity plyometric group and a comparison group. 12 players were randomly recruited from two select level teams (12-15 each team) as a sample of convenience. Of those 12 players, 6 were randomly assigned to an experimental group and the other 6 were assigned to a comparison group. The experimental group participated in a supervised upper-extremity plyometric strength training program two times per week for 6 weeks, as well as a parent supervised home exercise program to be performed at home once per week. The comparison group completed their usual practice routine. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 16.0; Inc., Chicago IL). And independent t-test, a Mann-Whitney test, and two Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were utilized to attempt to identify within, and between, group differences for the variables that were studied. After 6 weeks of training, the experimental group experienced an increase of 2.44 mph in throwing velocity which yielded statistically significant results when compared to the comparison group’s increase of 0.59 mph which was not statistically significant. The researchers, nonetheless, concluded that exercises using biomechanical principles identified in the SAID principle might prove beneficial to training athletes in overhand throwing sports.

References

  • Baechle, T. R., & Earle, R. W. (2008). Essentials of strength training and conditioning: Human kinetics.
  • Carter, A. B., Kaminski, T. W., Douex Jr, A. T., Knight, C. A., Richards, J. G. J. T. J. o. S., & Research, C. (2007). Effects of high volume upper extremity plyometric training on throwing velocity and functional strength ratios of the shoulder rotators in collegiate baseball players. 21(1), 208-215.
  • Chu, D. A. (1998). Jumping into plyometrics: Human Kinetics.
  • Chu, D. A., & Shiner, J. J. S. s. r. R. D., ed. St Louis, MO: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. (2006). Plyometrics in rehabilitation. 233-246.
  • Finni, T., Ikegawa, S., Lepola, V., & Komi, P. J. A. P. S. (2003). Comparison of force–velocity relationships of vastus lateralis muscle in isokinetic and in stretch‐shortening cycle exercises. 177(4), 483-491.
  • Godfrey, R. J., Madgwick, Z., & Whyte, G. P. J. S. m. (2003). The exercise-induced growth hormone response in athletes. 33(8), 599-613.
  • Mahoney, D., Parise, G., Melov, S., Safdar, A., & Tarnopolsky, M. J. T. F. j. (2005). Analysis of global mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle during recovery from endurance exercise. 19(11), 1498-1500.
  • McEvoy, K. P., Newton, R. U. J. T. J. o. S., & Research, C. (1998). Baseball throwing speed and base running speed: The effects of ballistic resistance training. 12(4), 216-221.
  • Nikolaidou, M.-E., Rousanoglou, E. N., Bayios, I. A., Boudolos, K. D. J. I., & science, e. (2006). Athletic specialization of young males and relationships of elbow extensor and flexor muscular strength. 14(4), 307-315.
  • Pretz, R. J. S., & Journal, C. (2004). " Ballistic Six" Plyometric Training for the Overhead Throwing Athlete. 26(6), 62.
  • Schubert, M., Beck, S., Taube, W., Amtage, F., Faist, M., & Gruber, M. J. E. J. o. N. (2008). Balance training and ballistic strength training are associated with task‐specific corticospinal adaptations. 27(8), 2007-2018.
  • Schulte-Edelmann, J. A., Davies, G. J., Kernozek, T. W., & Gerberding, E. D. J. J. S. C. R. (2005). The effects of plyometric training of the posterior shoulder and elbow. 19(1), 129-134.
  • Vissing, K., Brink, M., Lønbro, S., Sørensen, H., Overgaard, K., Danborg, K., . . . Research, C. (2008). Muscle adaptations to plyometric vs. resistance training in untrained young men. 22(6), 1799-1810.
  • Widmaier, E. P., Raff, H., Strang, K. T., & Vander, A. J. (2008). Vander's Human physiology: the mechanisms of body function: Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • Wilmore, J. H., Costill, D. L., & Kenney, W. L. (1994). Physiology of sport and exercise (Vol. 524): Human kinetics Champaign, IL.
  • Wilson, J. M., Flanagan, E. P. J. T. J. o. S., & Research, C. (2008). The role of elastic energy in activities with high force and power requirements: a brief review. 22(5), 1705-1715.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Hareket ve Antrenman Bilimleri
Authors

Dinçer Cüre 0000-0001-6746-5070

David Grıffıths This is me 0000-0002-8027-8592

Anthony Sterlace This is me 0000-0001-8228-3005

Publication Date September 14, 2020
Submission Date July 10, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Cüre, D., Grıffıths, D., & Sterlace, A. (2020). Implementation of plyometric exercises to improve throwing velocity of male youth baseball players. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 310-327. https://doi.org/10.31680/gaunjss.764381

ISSN: 2536-5339

Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi

16157

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