Biocompatibility of prosthodontic materials and test methods

Year 2016, , 145 - 52, 18.08.2016

İrem Türkcan , Asude Dilek Nalbant

https://doi.org/10.17214/aot.05383

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Various materials with different features and content are widely used in dentistry. While fulfilling their aesthetic and functional tasks, these materials are in contact with oral tissues and fluids. Therefore, besides physical and mechanical properties, biocompatibility also is a required property for these materials. Biomaterials are non-vital materials placed on or inside the human body, and interact with biological systems. Dental materials placed in the mouth are also considered as biomaterials. Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response when applied as intended. There are various test methods and protocols to evaluate the biological response generated by a dental material. Initial in vitro tests resulting in satisfactory findings are followed by more comprehensive in vivo animal tests and clinical usage tests. The aim of this report is to review biocompatibility test methods and the biocompatibility of prosthodontic materials in the light of previous studies.

Keywords

Acrylic resins, biocompatibility, ceramics, dental alloys

Dental protetik materyallerin biyolojik uyumluluğu ve test yöntemleri

Abstract

Diş hekimliği alanında farklı özellik ve içeriklere sahip çeşitli materyaller kullanılmaktadır. Bu materyaller, estetik ve fonksiyonel görevlerini yerine getirirken, ağız dokuları ve sıvılarıyla temas halindedir. Bu nedenle, kullanılan materyallerin fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerinin yanı sıra, biyolojik olarak uyumlu olmaları aranılan en temel özelliktir. Biyomateryal, insan vücudu üzerine veya içerisine yerleştirilen ve biyolojik sistemle etkileşim halinde olan cansız materyaldir. Ağız içerisine yerleştirilen dental materyaller de biyomateryaller kapsamında yer almaktadır. Biyouyumluluk, belirli bir uygulamada bir materyalin, uygulandığı bölgede uygun bir konak cevabı oluşturabilme yeteneği olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ağız içerisinde kullanılacak materyallerin oluşturacağı biyolojik cevabın önceden değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla çeşitli test yöntemleri geliştirilmiş ve protokoller belirlenmiştir. Çoğunlukla hücre kültürlerinin kullanıldığı in vitro testler ile değerlendirilen materyaller, tatmin edici sonuçlar elde edildiği takdirde daha kapsamlı olan hayvan testlerine (in vivo) ve ardından son basamak olan klinik testlere tabi tutulmalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı, biyouyumluluk test yöntemlerinin ve son yıllarda yapılan çalışmaların ışığında dental protetik materyallerin biyolojik uyumunun değerlendirilmesidir.

Keywords

Akrilik rezinleri, biyo-uyumluluk testi, diş alaşımları, seramikler

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