Periodontal hastalığı bulunun yaşlı ve genç hastalarda ağız sağlığı ile ilgili yaşam kalitesi

Year 2021, Volume: 38 Issue: 2, 28 - 34, 01.05.2021

Özge Göktürk , Fatma Ucan Yarkac

https://doi.org/10.17214/gaziaot.777153

Abstract

Amaç: Yaşlanma ile periodontal hastalıkların prevalansındaki artış yaşam kalitesini düşürmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, genç erişkinlerde ve yaşlı bireylerde yaşam kalitesini ve periodontal hastalık durumunu değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Periodontal hastalığı olan 52 yaşlı birey (Test grubu: 37 gingivitisli ve 15 periodontitisli birey) (ortalama yaş 67.56 ± 3.12) ve periodontal hastalığı olan 52 genç birey (Kontrol grubu; 37 gingivitisli ve 15 periodontitisli birey) (ortalama yaş 27.88 ± 6.59) olmak üzere, toplam 104 birey çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların yaşam kalitesi Ağız Sağlığı Etki Profili-14 (OHIP-14) anketi ile belirlendi. Periodontal durumu belirlemek için periodontal klinik parametreler (gingival indeks (Gİ), plak indeksi (Pİ), sondalanabilir cep derinliği (SCD) ve klinik ataşman seviyesi (KAS)) kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Periodontitisli bireylerde, gruplar arasında toplam OHIP skorları arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmezken (p>0.05), gingivitisli bireylerde OHIP skorlarının yaşlı bireylere kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu gözlendi (p<0.05). Periodontitisli bireylerde, genç hastalarda SCD ve KAS, yaşlı hastalarda ise Gİ skorları daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). OHIP alt grupları incelendiğinde, yaşlı bireylerde “fiziksel ağrı, psikolojik rahatsızlık ve psikolojik yetersizlik” skorlarının daha yüksek olduğu görüldü (p<0.05).

Sonuç: Periodontal hastalığı olan yaşlı hastalar daha düşük ağız sağlığıyla ilişkili yaşam kalitesine sahipti. Gingivitisin yaşlı hastalarda genç hastalara kıyasla yaşam kalitesi üzerine anlamlı derecede yüksek etkisi görülürken, periodontitis varlığında her iki yaş grubunda bir farkın olmadığı gözlenmiştir. Ağız sağlığını atravmatik ve etkili tedavi uygulamalarıyla erken yaşta geliştirmek, ileri yaşlarda ortaya çıkabilecek periodontal sorunları önleyebilir ve bireylerin yaşam kalitesini artırabilir.

Keywords

yaşlı, yaşam kalitesi, periodontal hastalıklar, yetişkin, gingivitis

Oral health-related quality of life in elderly and young patients with periodontal diseases

Abstract

Objective: Due to the increase in the prevalence of periodontal diseases, quality of life decreases with aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of life and periodontal disease in young adults and elderly individuals.

Materials and Method: A total of 104 individuals, including 52 elderly patients with periodontal disease (Test group; 37 with gingivitis and 15 with periodontitis) (mean age 67.56 ± 3.12) and 52 young adult patients with periodontal disease (Control group; 37 with gingivitis and 15 with periodontitis) (mean age 27.88 ± 6.59), were included in the study. The patients’ quality of life was determined by the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Clinical periodontal parameters (gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and probing pocket depth (PPD)) were used in the evaluation.

Results: In periodontitis, there was no difference in total OHIP scores between the groups (p>0.05), whereas, in gingivitis, OHIP scores were higher in elderly patients (p<0.05). While GI was significantly higher in elderly patients, PPD and CAL were significantly higher in young adult patients with periodontitis (p<0.05). OHIP sub-groups’ scores for "physical pain, psychological discomfort, and psychological disability" were significantly higher in elderly patients (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Oral health-related quality of life was significantly lower in elderly patients with periodontal disease. While gingivitis had a significantly higher effect on the quality of life in elderly patients compared to younger patients, it was observed that there was no difference in both age groups in the presence of periodontitis. Improving oral health with atraumatic and effective treatment applications at early ages can prevent periodontal problems that may occur in advanced ages and increase the quality of life.

Keywords

aged, quality of life, periodontal diseases, adult, gingivitis

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